Ensuring employees are satisfied with their jobs is essential for retaining them in the organization. An effective approach that can enhance job satisfaction is adopting the right leadership style. This article delves into the dimensions of transformational leadership that contribute to job satisfaction among employees, aiming to explore leaders’ behaviors in organizations. This article discussed extensively the impact of six dimensions of transformational leadership, namely idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, empowerment, and personal recognition, which can significantly influence employees’ job satisfaction. By drawing on various previous studies, the paper constructs a conceptual framework and presents six propositions to further address this issue.
Ahrari, S., Roslan, S., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., Mohd Rasdi, R., & Abu Samah, A. (2021). Relationship between teacher empowerment and job satisfaction: A Meta-Analytic path analysis. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1–24.
https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1898737
Alfarizi, A. W., Haryadi, D., & Syaechurodji. (2022). Mediating of job satisfaction in improving employee performance with the role of empowerment and work discipline. Journal Mantik, 6(2), 1892–1902.
AlKahtani, N. S., Iqbal, S., Sohail, M., Sheraz, F., Jahan, S., Anwar, B., & Haider, S. A. (2021). Impact of employee empowerment on organizational commitment through job satisfaction in four and five stars hotel industry. Management Science Letters, 11, 813–822. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.10.022
Alsop, R., Bertelsen, M., & Holland, J. (2006). Empowerment in practice: From analysis to implementation. The World Bank.
Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003). Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(3), 261–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00030-4
Antonakis, J., & House, R. J. (2013). The full-range leadership theory: The way forward. In B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition (Monographs in Leadership and Management) (Vol. 5, pp. 3–33). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-357120130000005006
Asrar-ul-Haq, M., & Anwar, S. (2018). The many faces of leadership: Proposing research agenda through a review of literature. Future Business Journal, 4(2), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2018.06.002
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. NY: The Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-2616(90)90061-S
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1990). Developing transformational leadership: 1992 and beyond. Journal of European Industrial Training, 14(5), 21–27.
https://doi.org/10.1108/03090599010135122
Bass, B. M., & Bass, R. (2008). The Bass handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial application (4th ed.). Free Press.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Boamah, S. A., Spence Laschinger, H. K., Wong, C., & Clarke, S. (2017). Effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes. Nursing Outlook, 66(2), 180–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.10.004
Brun, J.-P., & Dugas, N. (2008). An analysis of employee recognition: Perspectives on human resources practices. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(4), 716–730. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190801953723
Cahyono, Y., Novitasari, D., Sihotang, M., Aman, M., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Siahaan, M., Asbari, M., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The effect of transformational leadership dimensions on job satisfaction and organizational commitment: Case studies in private university lecturers. Solid State Technology, 63(1), 158–179.
Caniëls, M. C. J., Neghina, C., & Schaetsaert, N. (2017). Ambidexterity of employees: The role of empowerment and knowledge sharing. Journal of Knowledge Management, 21(5), 1098–1119. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-10-2016-0440
Díaz-García, G., Almorza-Gomar, D., & González-Arrieta, G. (2023). How does emotional salary influence job satisfaction? A construct to be explored. Anduli, 23, 57–82. https://doi.org/10.12795/anduli.2023.i23.04
Escortell, R., Baquero, A., & Delgado, B. (2020). The impact of transformational leadership on the job satisfaction of internal employees and outsourced workers. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1837460
Fang, Y. C., Ren, Y. H., Chen, J. Y., Chin, T., Yuan, Q., & Lin, C. L. (2021). Inclusive leadership and career sustainability: Mediating roles of supervisor developmental feedback and thriving at work. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671663
Gan, E., & Voon, M. L. (2021). The impact of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and employee turnover intentions: A conceptual review. SHS Web of Conferences, 124, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112408005
Haddad, S., Badran, O., & Daood, A. (2018). The impact of transformational leadership style on employees’ job satisfaction. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 119(18), 887–900.
Hassi, A. (2019). “You get what you appreciate”: Effects of leadership on job satisfaction, affective commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(3), 786–811. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-08-2018-1506
Hilton, S. K., Madilo, W., Awaah, F., & Arkorful, H. (2023). Dimensions of transformational leadership and organizational performance: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Management Research Review, 46(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-02-2021-0152
Jameel, A. S., & Ahmad, A. R. (2019). The effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction among academic staff. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/vc9dq
Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). Leadership and Industry 4.0 as a tool to enhance organization performance: Direct and indirect role of job satisfaction, competitive advantage and business sustainability. In B. Akkaya (Ed.), Agile Business Leadership Methods for Industry 4.0 (pp. 233–257). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-380-920201014
Judge, T. A., Zhang, S. (Carrie), & Glerum, D. R. (2021). Job satisfaction. In V. I. Sessa & N. A. Bowling (Eds.), Essentials of Job Attitudes and Other Workplace Psychological Constructs (pp. 207–241). Routledge.
Leitão, M., Correia, R. J., Teixeira, M. S., & Campos, S. (2022). Effects of leadership and reward systems on employees’ motivation and job satisfaction: An application to the Portuguese textile industry. Journal of Strategy and Management, 15(4), 590–610. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-07-2021-0158
Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction? Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4, 309–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(69)90013-0
Marshall, C. (2020). Analysis of a comprehensive wellness program’s impact on job satisfaction in the workplace. International Hospitality Review, 34(2), 221–241. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-05-2020-0014
Maulia, I. R. (2023). Enhancing employee engagement by transformational leadership and empowerment with job satisfaction as mediator. Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 5(2), 292–301.
Mickson, M. K., Anlesinya, A., & Malcalm, E. (2021). Mediation role of diversity climate on leadership and job satisfaction in the Ghanaian public sector. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 17(2), 167–188. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-10-2019-0080
Mishra, M., & Pandey, A. (2019). The impact of leadership styles on knowledge-sharing behavior: A review of literature. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 33(1), 16–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/DLO-06-2018-0067
Mone, E., Eisinger, C., Guggenheim, K., Price, B., & Stine, C. (2011). Performance management at the wheel: Driving employee engagement in organizations. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26(2), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9222-9
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications Inc.
Puni, A., Mohammed, I., & Asamoah, E. (2018). Transformational leadership and job satisfaction: The moderating effect of contingent reward. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 39(4), 522–537. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-2017-0358
Rafferty, A. E., & Griffin, M. A. (2004). Dimensions of transformational leadership: Conceptual and empirical extensions. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(3), 329–354.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.02.009
Sathyanarayan, K., & Lavanya, B. L. (2018). Effect of organizational commitment, motivation, attitude towards work on job satisfaction, job performance and turnover intention-VUCA perspective. Journal of Management, 5(4), 445–457.
Siswanto, S., & Yuliana, I. (2022). Linking transformational leadership with job satisfaction: The mediating roles of trust and team cohesiveness. Journal of Management Development, 41(2), 94–117. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-09-2020-0293
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, cause, and consequences. Sage Publications Inc.
Spector, P. E. (2022). Job satisfaction: From assessment to intervention. Routledge.
Tessema, M. T., Ready, K. J., & Embaye, A. B. (2013). The effects of employee recognition, pay, and benefits on job satisfaction- cross country evidence.pdf. Journal of Business and Economics, 4(1), 1–12.
Torlak, N. G., & Kuzey, C. (2019). Leadership, job satisfaction and performance links in private education institutes of Pakistan. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(2), 276–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2018-0182
Tuan, V. K., & Rajagopal, P. (2019). The effect of transformational leadership style on employee job satisfaction towards Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Academic Journal of Economic Studies, 5(4), 156–164.
Weiss, H. M. (2002). Deconstructing job satisfaction Separating evaluations, beliefs and affective experiences. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 173–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(02)00045-1
Yukl, G. A., & Gardner, W. L. (2020). Leadership in organizations (9th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.
