In Jordan telecommunications sector considered as one of the main contributors to the Jordan economic growth. Despite this achievement, telecommunication companies in Jordan face various challenges and issues. Employee intention to stay (ITS) is one of the challenges that telecommunication firms face, due to the high turnover rate of employees in Jordanian telecommunications companies over time. Particularly that identifying techniques to encourage employees to stay in the firm has become a key concern because staff retention is a problem that companies face due to the danger of excessive employee turnover. The phenomena alarmed the concern over the turnover issue of telecommunications sector. Employee turnover issue requires implementing good HRM (Human Resource Management) practices in delivering results at the employee level such as a reduction in the likelihood of employee turnover and an increase in their willingness to stay with the company. This paper deliberates the importance of adapting effective HRM practices (performance appraisal, compensation, and training and development practices) to strengthen employee’s retention in the telecommunication companies in Jordan.
Abdul-Azeez, S. (2017). Human resource management practices and employee retention: A review of literature. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 18(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/JEMT/2017/32997.
Aboobaker, N., Edward, M., & KA, Z. (2019). Workplace spirituality, employee wellbeing and intention to stay: A multi-group analysis of teachers’ career choice. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(1), 28-44.
Absalom, J., & Alexander, K. (2021). INFLUENCE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA. International Research Journal of Business and Strategic Management, 2(2).
Akroush, M.N. and Mahadin, B.K. (2019), “An intervariable approach to customer satisfaction and loyalty in the internet service market”, Internet Research, Vol. 29 No. 4, pp. 772-798.
Al Habsi, A. H., Farhana, N., & Karim, A. M. (2021). Impact of HR Practices on Employee Retention in Oil and Gas Industries of Oman. Social Sciences, 11(9), 1520-1530.
Alamri, A. M. (2020). The Impact of Human Resources Management Practices on Job Satisfaction among Telecommunication Firms in Jordan. European Journal of Business and Management, 12(17).
Al-Dalahmeh, M., & Heder-Rima, M. (2021). The effect of talent management practices on employee turnover intention in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) sector: case of Jordan. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(4), 59.
Al-Harazneh, Y. M., & Sila, I. (2021). The Impact of E-HRM Usage on HRM Effectiveness: Highlighting the Roles of Top Management Support, HR Professionals, and Line Managers. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 29(2), 118-147.
Alhmoud, A., & Rjoub, H. (2019). Total rewards and employee retention in a Middle Eastern context. SAGE Open, 9(2), (1-13).
Alhmoud, A., & Rjoub, H. (2020). Does generation moderate the effect of total rewards on employee retention? Evidence from Jordan. Sage Open, 10(3), 2158244020957039.
Al-Khamaiseh, Z. D., Halim, B. B. A., Afthanorhan, W. M. A., Alqahtani, A. H., & AlNaser, F. M. I. (2019). Exploratory Factor Analysis on Work Intentions in the Telecommunication Sector of Jordan (JTS). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(12), 573–589.
Al-Khamaiseh, Z., Halim, B. B. A., Afthanorhan, A., & Alqahtani, A. H. (2020). Exploring and developing items measuring situational leadership II (SLII). Development, 8(2), 579-588.
Almanie, A. M. (2022). Predictors of quality of distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. K?br?sl? E?itim Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(1), 95-104.
Alnsour, M. S., Tayeh, B. A., & Alzyadat, M. A. (2014). Using SERVQUAL to assess the quality of service provided by Jordanian telecommunications Sector. International Journal of Commerce and Management. 24(3), 209-218.
Altarawmneh, I., & Al-Kilani, M. (2010). Human resource management and turnover intentions in the Jordanian hotel sector. Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 18(1), 46-59.
Arif, D., Halik, A., & Yucha, N. (2022). The influence of intellectual capital through human capital and structural capital towards financial performance manufacturing companies (garment and textile sector). International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 19(5), 395-415.
Arthur, J. (1994). Effects of human resource systems on manufacturing performance and turnover. The Academy of management Journal. 37, 670-87.
Asassfeh, J. A., AlTarawneh, M., & Samson, F. (2018). Integrative Model for Quantitative Evaluation of Selection Telecommunication Tower Site. Telkomnika, 16(3), 1158-1164.
Azzam, I. A. (2017). Leadership Styles Influence On Employee Engagement At Telecommunication Companies In Jordan As Observed By Employees. IACB& ICE. 1-16.
Bussin, M. H., Pregnolato, M., & Schlechter, A. F. (2017). Total rewards that retain: A study of demographic preferences. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(1), 1-10.
Cesario, F., Chambel, M. J. (2017). Linking Organizational Commitment and Work Engagement to Employee Performance. Knowledge and Process Management, 24(2), 152–158.
Chepkosgey, C. S., Namusonge, G. S., & Makokha, E. N. (2019). Training Practice, a Perspective of Employee Retention in Firms. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(7), 495–509.
Choden Goperma & Somasree Dolai. (2018). AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING EMPLOYEES INTENTION TO STAY IN THE ORGANIZATION. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Volume 5, Issue 1, 2349-5162.
Choi, Y., & Dickson, D. R. (2009). A case study into the benefits of management training programs: Impacts on hotel employee turnover and satisfaction level. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 9(1), 103- 116.
Cunningham, I. (2007). Talent management: making it real. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 21(2), 4-6.
De Winne, S., Marescaux, E., Sels, L., Van Beveren, I., & Vanormelingen, S. (2019). The impact of employee turnover and turnover volatility on labor productivity: A flexible non-linear approach. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(21), 3049-3079. https://doi.org/10.1 080/09585192.2018.1449129
Delaney, J., & Huselid, M. (1996). The impact of HRM practices on perception of organizational performance. In Academy of Management Journal. 39, 949-69.
Divyashree, N., & Jayanna, S. (2019). FACTORS INFLUENCING EMPLOYEE’S INTENTION TO STAY – A STUDY OF SOME SELECT FIRMS IN IT SECTOR. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Volume 6, Issue 5, ISSN-2349-5162.
Dorota SZABAN. (2022)," Ukrainian Migrants in the Polish Labour Market: HRM Selected Issues ", Journal of Eastern Europe Research in Business and Economics Vol. 2022 (2022), Article ID 813170, DOI: 10.5171/2022.813170.
Gansberghe, D. V. (2003). A glossary of terms for human resource management (HRM) and human resource development (HRD). GE-International Journal for Management studies, 2(5).
Gulzar, S., Advani, A., & Jalees, T. (2017). Impact of performance appraisal on employee retention: A study on banking sector of Pakistan. Journal of Independent Studies & Research: Management & Social Sciences & Economics, 15(1).
Hammoudeh, M., & BENEDEK, A. S. (2019). Corporate entrepreneurship responsibility (CER) implementation in the light of Zain Jordan. Social Sciences, 5(1), 516-534.
Harun, S., & Ahmad, I. (2022). Determinants of Intention to Stay of Higher Learning Institutions Administrators: A Review of Theory and Evidence. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(4), 834–846.
Harun, S., Shahid, S. A. M., Othman, A. K., Rahman, M. K. B. A., & Gumbri, D. T. (2021). The Influence of HRM Practices on Employee Behavioural Intentions: Do Generational Differences Matter? International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(4), 284-294.
Hassan, M., Jambulingam, M., Alam, M. N., & Islam, S. (2019). Redesigning the retention strategy against the emerging turnover of generation Y: revisiting the long-standing problems from 20th to 21st century. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(2), 1-16.
Hassan, Z. (2022). Employee retention through effective human resource management practices in Maldives: Mediation effects of compensation and rewards system. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 18(2), 137-174.
Hend. (2018). The assessment of turnover in Jordan ’ s industrial sector. GIZ and Amman Chamber of Industry, 3-46.
Heneman III, H. G., Schwab, D. P., Fossum, J. A., and Dyer, L. D. (1989), Personnel/Human Resource Management, New York: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.
Hinkin, T. R., & Tracey, J. B. (2010). What makes it so great? An analysis of human resources practices among Fortune’s best companies to work for. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(2), 158-170.
House, S., Crandell, J., Stucky, C., Kitzmiller, R., Jones, C., & Gittell, J. H. (2023). Relational coordination as a predictor of job satisfaction and intent to stay among nurses and physicians in the Military Health System. Military medicine, 188(1-2), e316-e325.
Ichniowski, C., Shaw, K. & Prennushi, G. (1997). The effect of human resource management practices on productivity, in American Economic Review. 87, 291-313.
Iqbal, N., Ahmad, M., Raziq, M. M., & Borini, F. M. (2019). Linking e-hrm practices and organizational outcomes: empirical analysis of line manager’s perception. Revista Brasileira de Gestao de Negócios, 21(1), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v21i1.3964.
Irshad, M., & Afridi, F. (2010). Factors Affecting Retention: Evidence from Literature. Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 307-339.
Islam, M. A., Hack?Polay, D., Haque, A., Rahman, M., & Hossain, M. S. (2022). Moderating role of psychological empowerment on the relationship between green HRM practices and millennial employee retention in the hotel industry of Bangladesh. Business Strategy & Development, 5(1), 17-29.
Jayathilake, H. D., Daud, D., Eaw, H. C., & Annuar, N. (2021). Employee development and retention of Generation-Z employees in the post-COVID-19 workplace: a conceptual framework. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 28(7), 2343-2364.
Jordan Telecom Group. (2020), “Orange annual report 2019”, available at: https://www.orange.jo (accessed 27 September 2020).
Jordan, I. A. C. T. A. I. (2017). ICT and ITES-Industry-Statistics and Year book-2016. Information and Communications Technology Association.
Jordan, I. A. C. T. A. I. (2018). ICT and ITES-Industry-Statistics and Year book-2. Information and Communications Technology Association.
Kadiresan, V., Arumugam, T., Jayabalan, N., Hazrita, A. R., & Ramendran, C. S. P. R. (2019). HR Practices and Employee Retention. Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) as a mediator. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology. 8 (6S3) 618, 62.
Kaleemullah, S., & Behl, S. C. (2019). HRM PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION: DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASUREMENT MODEL. 7(1), 557-562.
Kamau, O. M., Muathe, S. M., & Wainaina, L. (2020). HRM practices employee engagement and teachers turnover intentions: A cross-sectional study from public secondary schools in Kenya. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(9), 257-271.
Kesen, M. (2016). The impact of employee training and innovation on turnover intention: An empirical research. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(1), 174-185.
Kumar, S. (2021). The impact of talent management practices on employee turnover and retention intentions. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 1-14.
Kumar, S. (2022). The impact of talent management practices on employee turnover and retention intentions. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 41(2), 21-34.
Kundu, S. C., & Lata, K. (2017). Effects of supportive work environment on employee retention: Mediating role of organizational engagement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 25(4), 703-722.
Kuvaas, B. (2008). An exploration of how the employee–organization relationship affects the linkage between perception of developmental human resource practices and employee outcomes. Journal of Management studies, 45(1), 1-25.
Kyndt, E., Dochy, F., Michielsen, M. and Moeyaert, B. (2009), “Employee retention: organizational and personal perspectives”, Vocations and Learning, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 195-215.
Lee, C. H., & Bruvold, N. T. (2003). Creating value for employees: investment in employee development. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(6), 981-1000.
Leider, J. P., Shah, G. H., Yeager, V. A., Yin, J., & Madamala, K. (2023). Turnover, COVID-19, and reasons for leaving and staying within governmental public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 29(1), S54-S63.
Lyu, X., Akkadechanunt, T., Soivong, P., & Juntasopeepun, P. (2022). Predictors of Male Nurses’ Intention to Stay in Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-sectional Study. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 26(3), 404-416.
Malik, A., Thevisuthan, P., & De Sliva, T. (2022). Artificial Intelligence, Employee Engagement, Experience, and HRM. In Strategic Human Resource Management and Employment Relations (pp. 171-184). Springer, Cham.
Malik, E., Baig, S. A., & Manzoor, U. (2020). Effect of HR practices on employee retention: The role of perceived supervisor support. Journal of Public Value and Administrative Insight, 3(1), 1-7.
March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organizations. New York: Wiley.
Milliman, J., Gatling, A., & Kim, J. S. (2018). The effect of workplace spirituality on hospitality employee engagement, intention to stay, and service delivery. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 35, 56-65.
Motyka, B. (2018). Employee engagement and performance: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Management and Economics, 54(3), 227-244.
Nagar, P., & Agarwal, A. K. (2022). EMPLOYEES’INTENTION IN HOTEL INDUSTRY, DUE TO IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES IN JAIPUR, INDIA. International Journal Multidisciplinary Educational Research, 4(7), 99-107.
Najm, N. A., & Ali, W. W. (2022). Organizational readiness and innovation in the Jordanian telecommunication companies. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, (ahead-of-print). International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Issue(s) available: 153 – From Volume: 53 Issue: 1, to Volume: 72 Issue: 2.
Noerman, T., Erlando, A., & riyanto, F. D. (2021). Factors Determining Intention to Continue Using E-HRM. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 8(2), 1079-1089.
Obeidat, S. M. (2016). The link between e-HRM use and HRM effectiveness: An empirical study. Personnel Review, 45(6), 1281–1301.
Osibanjo, O. A., Adeniji, A. A., Falola, H. O., & Heirsmac, P. T. (2014). Compensation packages: a strategic tool for employees’ performance and retention. Leonardo Journal of Sciences, 25, 65-84.
Papa, A., Dezi, L., Gregori, G. L., Mueller, J., & Miglietta, N. (2018). Improving innovation performance through knowledge acquisition: The moderating role of employee retention and human resource management practices. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(3). 589-605. https://doi. org/10.1108/JKM-09-2017-0391
Perera, D. R., & Edirisooriya, W. A. (2021). The Relationship between Succession Planning and Employee Retention in Information Communication Industry in Sri Lanka: Special Reference to Abc International (Pvt) Ltd. Hmlyan Jr Eco Bus Mgn; 2(1) 42-52.
Public Consultation: Review of Mobile Markets in Jordan. (2019). TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATORY COMMISSION. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511493256.008.
Radadiya, M. U., & Pandey, R. K. (2020). Employee retention & organizational culture. Purakala, 31(4), 633-645.
Ravikumar R. K., Dr. R. P. Raya. (2019). Impact of Performance Appraisal on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Intention to Stay through Affective Commitment: A Literature Review. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 7(10), 1344-1358.
Rehman, A. U., Aslam, E., & Iqbal, A. (2022). Intellectual capital efficiency and bank performance: evidence from islamic banks. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(1), 113-121.
Roya news. (2020), “Telecom sector revenue reaches JOD 999 million in 2019”, Roya News, available at: https://en.royanews.tv (27 September 2020).
Saad, M. S. A., & Mohammad, A. (2021). Talent attraction and retention of private sector organizations in Saudi Arabia. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(14), 835-846.
Saleem, Q., Shahid, M., & Naseem, A. (2011). Degree of influence of training and development on employee’s behavior. International journal of computing and business research, 2(3), 2229-6166.
Salum, H. A., Muhammed, R. W., & Haroonah, N. (2023). Influence of Internal and External Recruitment Strategies on Employee Retention at the Zanzibar Ministry of Health -Unguja. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(2), 1188–1199.
Santhanam, N., Kamalanabhan, T. J., Dyaram, L., & Ziegler, H. (2017). Impact of human resource management practices on employee turnover intentions. Journal of Indian Business Research, 9(3), 212-228. https:// doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-10-2016-0116
The Middle East North Africa Financial Network (MENAFN). (2020), “Jordan telecoms, mobile and broadband market growth analysis, challenges and industry key players”, Jordan Telecom Zain Jordan Batelco Virgin Mobile j 2019-2020, MENAFN, available at: https://menafn.com/ 1099595099 (accessed 30 July 2020).
Walker, J. W. (2001), “Perspectives”, Human Resource Planning, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 6-10.
Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective. Academy of Management journal, 40(1), 82-111.
Yaseen, S. G., Dajani, D., & Hasan, Y. (2016). The impact of intellectual capital on the competitive advantage: Applied study in Jordanian telecommunication companies. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 168-175.
Zafar, M., Sarwar, A., Zafar, A., & Sheeraz, A. (2020, July). Impact of Compensation Practices on Employee Job Performance: An Empirical Study. In International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management (pp. 315-324). Springer, Cham.
Zahoor, A., Ijaz, S., &Muzammil, T. (2015). Impact of human resource management practices on employee retention in telecom sector of Pakistan. Journal of Resources Development and Management, 12(1), 22- 31.