Rainwater harvesting intervention and its relationship with building codes is becoming a growing concern in modern construction. The aim of this paper is to present a road map for developing rainwater harvesting interventions, outlining the key steps required to achieve the desired outcomes. Qualitative methods were employed to assess the rainwater harvesting implementation. The findings show that the provisions for rainwater harvesting in the Malaysian Uniform Building By-Laws were inadequate to guide the local councils in building approval, inspection and enforcement. Another noteworthy finding is the lack of a specific intervention to ensure the success of rainwater harvesting law adherence, as well as the fact that the existing guidelines referred to were inadequate, indirect and irrelevant. In this paper, a simple direction for rainwater harvesting intervention is presented. This road map can be used to inform governments and researchers about the essential stages of intervention development in the interest of the by-laws adherence and the route to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation. Implementing an effective intervention to improve government by-laws or building codes is essential for the successful management of water resources.
Craig, P., Dieppe, P., Macintyre, S., Michie, S., Nazareth, I., & Petticrew, M. (2008). Developing and evaluating complex interventions: The new Medical Research Council guidance. The BMJ, 337. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1655
Dearing, J. W. (2009). Applying Diffusion of Innovation Theory to Intervention Development. Research on Social Work Practice, 19(5), 503–518.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731509335569
Dodson, E. A., Brownson, R. C., & Weiss, S. M. (2012). Policy Dissemination Research. In Dissemination and implementation research in health: Translating science into practice (pp. 437–458). Oxford University Press.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751877.001.0001.
Fernandez, M. E., ten Hoor, G. A., van Lieshout, S., Rodriguez, S. A., Beidas, R. S., Parcel, G., Ruiter, R. A. C., Markham, C. M., & Kok, G. (2019). Implementation Mapping: Using Intervention Mapping to Develop Implementation Strategies. Frontiers in Public Health, 7. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00158
Harris, J., Croot, L., Thompson, J., & Springett, J. (2016). How stakeholder participation can contribute to systematic reviews of complex interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health, 70(2), 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2015-205701
International Codes Council. (2022). CSA B805-22/ICC 805-2022 Rainwater Harvesting Systems. ICC. https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/CSAB8052022P1/0-introduction
Kamarulzaman, P. N., Azmi, N. F., Sulaiman, R., & Zaid, M. S. (2022). Discrepancies between national and state building by-laws in Malaysia: A review. Facilities, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/F-10-2021-0103
Kloss, C. (2008). Rainwater Harvesting Policies; Managing Wet Weather with Green Infrastructure Municipal Handbook. United States Enviromental Protection Agency.
Moir, T. (2018). Why Is Implementation Science Important for Intervention Design and Evaluation Within Educational Settings? Frontiers in Education, 3, 61. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00061
OECD. (2012). Recommendation of the Council on Regulatory Policy and Governance. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/governance/regulatory-policy/49990817.pdf
OECD. (2021). Embedding Values and Attitudes in Curriculum: Shaping a Better Future. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
https://doi.org/10.1787/aee2adcd-en
Proctor, E. K., & Brownson, R. C. (2012). Measurement Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research. In Dissemination and implementation research in health: Translating science into practice (pp. 261–280). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751877.001.0001.
Rahman, S. A., Othman, M. S. H., Khalid, M. R., & Shawahid, F. M. (2013). Legal implications of compulsory rainwater harvesting in Malaysia. 11, 2077–2079.
Ridde, V., Pérez, D., & Robert, E. (2020). Using implementation science theories and frameworks in global health. BMJ Global Health, 5(4), e002269. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002269
Serdyukov, P. (2017). Innovation in education: What works, what doesn’t, and what to do about it? Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 10(1), 4–33. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-10-2016-0007
Sourani, A., & Sohail, M. (2011). Barriers to addressing sustainable construction in public procurement strategies. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering Sustainability, 164(4), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.1680/ensu.2011.164.4.229
Waal, A. de, & Heijtel, I. (2016). Searching for effective change interventions for the transformation into a high performance organization. Management Research Review, 39(9), 1080–1104. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2015-0094
Walshe, C., Kinley, J., Patel, S., Goodman, C., Bunn, F., Lynch, J., Scott, D., Lund, A. D., Stacpoole, M., Preston, N., & Froggatt, K. (2019). A four-stage process for intervention description and guide development of a practice-based intervention: Refining the Namaste Care intervention implementation specification for people with advanced dementia prior to a feasibility cluster randomised trial. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 275. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1275-z
