International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Factors Influencing Student Engagement in Open Distance Learning (ODL)

Open access
The novel coronavirus, or Covid-19, has been announced a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) as the virus started spreading throughout the world and it has worsened from time to time with many new variants. The pandemic affected the country’s economy, and the education sector was not excluded. This situation forced most of the education sector to implement and adapt the online learning method through various online platforms. The lecturer’s-student interaction and the lecturer’s teaching method are the factors influencing students’ engagement in open distance learning. Hence, this study will determine the relationship between both factors and student engagement among students in UiTM Kampus Bandaraya Melaka. This study adopted a quantitative research approach to elicit data. An online survey using Google form application is used to distribute the questionnaires. A total of 80 undergraduates participated in this study. Data were analysed via SPSS software and descriptive analysis. The findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between lecturer-students interaction and the lecturer’s teaching method that influence student engagement in UiTM Kampus Bandaraya Melaka. Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis indicate that there is a positive association between factors influencing student engagement and open distance learning (ODL). Additional research is required to obtain a deeper understanding of the elements that influence student involvement.
Abdul Majeed, M. (2021). Analysing Lecturer-Student Interaction in EMI Undergraduate Lectures: A Sri Lankan Perspective. 10.9734/bpi/mplle/v4/9002D.
Abdul Rahman, M. S., Jalil, M. J., & Abdul Ghani, M. T. (2021). Teaching and Learning Calculus through Google Meet Platform During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Implementation and Evaluation. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v10i2/10138.
Dahleez, K. A., El-Saleh, A. A., Al Alawi, A. M., and Abdel Fattah, F. A. M. (2021), "Student learning outcomes and online engagement in time of crisis: the role of e-learning system usability and teacher behavior", International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, Vol. 38 No. 5, pp. 473-492. https://doiorg.ezaccess.library.uitm.edu.my/10.1108/IJILT-04-2021-0057.
Digital Class. (2021). Online teaching methods and pedagogy - digital class blogs. Best Blogs & Insights From Digital Class E-Learning Marketplace. Retrieved from ttps://www.digitalclassworld.com/blog/online-teaching-methods-and-pedagogy/
Ellis, R. (1990). Instructed Second Language Acquisition: Learning in the Classroom. Oxford: Blackwell.
Englehart, J. M. (2009). Teacher–Student Interaction. In: Saha, L.J., Dworkin, A.G. (eds) International Handbook of Research on Teachers and Teaching. Springer International Handbooks of Education, vol 21. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/9780- 387-73317-3_44.
Hamzah, H. (2021). Online Distance Learning (ODL) traditionally defined as the geographically separated students. UTM NewsHub. https://news.utm.my/2021/07/online-distance-learning-odl-traditionally-defined-asthe-geographically-separated-students/.
Hu and Kuh. (2002). S. Hu, G. Kuh. Being (dis)engaged in educationally purposeful activities: The influences of student and institutional characteristics. Research in Higher Education, 43 (5) (2002), pp. 555-575.
Kositanurit, W., Vivatvakin, S., Kaikaew, K., Varachotisate, P., Burana, C., Chayanupatkul, M., … Kulaputana, O. (2022). Asynchronous online lecture may not be an effective method in teaching cardiovascular physiology during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Medical Education, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03217-w.
Lather, P. (2013). Methodology-21: what do we do in the afterward? International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 26(6), 634–645.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2013.788753.
Navaz, A. M. (2021). Analysing lecturer-student interaction in EMI undergraduate lectures: A Sri Lankan perspective. Modern Perspectives in Language, Literature and Education Vol. 4, 109–125. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mplle/v4/9002d.
Ortiz, P. A. (2020). Teaching in the time of COVID 19. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 48(3), 201–201. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21348.
Roller, M. R. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis: The Unit of Analysis. Research Design Review. https://researchdesignreview.com/2019/12/10/qualitative-dataanalysis-unit-of-analysis/.
Salas Pilco, S. Z., Yang, Y., & Zhang, Z. (2022). Student engagement in online learning in Latin American higher education during the COVID 19 pandemic: A systematic review. British Journal of Educational Technology, 53(3), 593–619. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13190.
Sum, C., Chan, I., and Wong, H. (2021), "Ready to learn in an uncertain future: ways to support student ngagement", Accounting Research Journal, Vol. 34 No. 2, pp. 169183. https://doi-org.ezaccess.library.uitm.edu.my/10.1108/ARJ-08-2020-0220.
Sun, H.-L., Sun, T., Sha, F.-Y., Gu, X.-Y., Hou, X.-R., Zhu, F.-Y., & Fang, P.-T. (2022). The influence of teacher–student interaction on the effects of online learning: Based on a serial mediating model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.779217.
Wei, Y. (2021). Enhancing Teacher-Student Interaction and Students’ Engagement in a Flipped Translation Classroom. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 764370. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.764370.