International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance on Private Daycare in Indonesia: A Conceptual Paper

Open access
This paper aims to develop a conceptual model of the nexus of entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in private daycare in Indonesia. This paper develops a conceptual model to look at the performance of daycare businesses in Indonesia based on a literature review by integrating relevant theories and logical reasoning. Based on the conceptual model, improving the performance of daycare business can be accomplished by the influence of the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation in providing practical implications in the daycare business. This paper expands the literature on entrepreneurial orientation related to performance particularly in private daycare. It integrates entrepreneurial orientation with business performance.

Acar, H. (2014). Learning Environments for Children in Outdoor Spaces. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 141, 846–853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.05.147
Afriyie, S., Du, J., & Musah, A. A. I. B. N. (2019). Innovation and marketing performance of SME in an emerging economy: the moderating effect of transformational leadership. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1), 1–25.
https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919620500346
Agyapong, A., Mensah, H. K., & Ayuuni, A. M. (2018). The moderating role of social network on the relationship between innovative capability and performance in the hotel industry. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 13(5), 801–823. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJoEM-11-2016-0293
Al Mamun, A., & Fazal, S. A. (2018). Effect of entrepreneurial orientation on competency and micro-enterprise performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 379–398. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjie-05-2018-0033
Arbar, T. F., & Hasibuan, L. (2020, January 12). Raup Ratusan Juta Sebulan, Ini Cuan Bisnis Daycare Ibu Kota. CNBC Indonesia.
https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/lifestyle/20200112140247-33-129399/raup-ratusan-juta-sebulan-ini-cuan-bisnis-daycare-ibu-kota/2
BPS. (2019). Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kelompok Umur dan Jenis Kelamin. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/indikator/indikator/view_data_pub/0000/api_pub/YW40a21pdTU1cnJxOGt6dm43ZEdoZz09/da_03/1
BPS. (2021). Keadaan Angkatan Kerja di Indonesia Agustus 2021 (Issue August).
BPS. (2022a). Pengeluaran per Kapita yang Disesuaikan menurut Jenis Kelamin (Ribu Rupiah/Orang/Tahun). Badan Pusat Statistik.
https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/40/461/2/pengeluaran-per-kapita-yang-disesuaikan-menurut-jenis-kelamin.html
BPS. (2022b). Persentase Penduduk Berumur 15 Tahun ke Atas menurut Daerah Tempat Tinggal, Jenis Kelamin, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Tertinggi yang Ditamatkan. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2012/04/20/1610/persentase-penduduk-berumur-15-tahun-ke-atas-menurut-daerah-tempat-tinggal-jenis-kelamin-dan-jenjang-pendidikan-tertinggi-yang-ditamatkan-2009-2021.html
Canh, N. T., Liem, N. T., Thu, P. A., & Khuong, N. V. (2019). The impact of innovation on the firm performance and corporate social responsibility of Vietnamese manufacturing firms. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133666
Chaithanapat, P., Punnakitikashem, P., Khin, K., Oo, N. C., & Rakthin, S. (2022). Relationships among knowledge-oriented leadership, customer knowledge management, innovation quality and firm performance in SMEs. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100162
Chan, S. W. Y., Rao, N., Cohrssen, C., & Richards, B. (2021). Predicting child outcomes in Bhutan: Contributions of parenting support and early childhood education programmes. Children and Youth Services Review, 126(May), 106051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106051
Chen, Y. C., Li, P. C., & Evans, K. R. (2012). Effects of interaction and entrepreneurial orientation on organizational performance: Insights into market driven and market driving. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(6), 1019–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.01.017
Chun, S. (2021). Are there Different Daycare Business Types? Daycare Business Boss. https://daycarebusinessboss.com/are-there-different-daycare-business-types/
Loyola, C., Grimberg, A. C., & Colomer, B. U. (2020). Early childhood teachers making multiliterate learning environments: The emergence of a spatial design thinking process. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 36(May), 100655.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100655
Covin, J. G., & Miller, D. (2014). International Entrepreneurial Orientation: Conceptual Considerations, Research Themes, Measurement Issues, and Future Research Directions. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 38(1), 11–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12027
Damaiyanti, H., & Mases, Y. (2019). Analisis Pengaruh Komponen Akreditasi terhadap Prestasi Kerja Lembaga PAUD di Kota Palembang. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Program Pascasarjana Universitas PGRI Palembang, 335–347.
Darwanto. (2013). Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM Berbasis Inovasi dan Kreativitas. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 20(2), 142–149.
Davidsson, P. (2015). Entrepreneurial opportunities and the entrepreneurship nexus: A re-conceptualization. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(5), 674–695.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2015.01.002
de Clercq, D., Dimov, D., & Thongpapanl, N. T. (2013). Organizational Social Capital, Formalization, and Internal Knowledge Sharing in Entrepreneurial Orientation Formation. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 37(3), 505–537. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12021
Dhliwayo, S. (2014). Entrepreneurship and Competitive Strategy: An Integrative Approach. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 115–135.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0971355713513356
Diaz, E., & Sensini, L. (2020). Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Argentina. International Business Research, 13(8), 47–55.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n8p47
Eckhardt, A. G., & Egert, F. (2020). Predictors for the quality of family child care: A meta-analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 116(June), 105205.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105205
Egert, F., Fukkink, R. G., & Eckhardt, A. G. (2018). Impact of In-Service Professional Development Programs for Early Childhood Teachers on Quality Ratings and Child Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. Review of Educational Research, 88(3), 401–433.
https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654317751918
Fadda, N. (2018). The effects of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions on performance in the tourism sector. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 21(1), 22–44. https://doi.org/10.1108/NEJE-03-2018-0004
Felix. (2021). Orientasi Kewirausahaan dan Kemampuan Inovatif terhadap Kinerja UMKM. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 5(3), 267–272.
Fern, M. J., Cardinal, L. B., & O’Neill, H. M. (2012). The Genesis of Strategy in New Ventures: Escaping the Constraints of Founder and Team Knowledge. Strategic Management Journal, 33(4), 427–447. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.1944
Hamer, W., Rachman, T. A., Lisdiana, A., Wardani, W., Karsiwan, K., & Purwasih, A. (2020). Potret Full Daycare sebagai Solusi Pengasuhan Anak bagi Orang Tua Pekerja. Tapis: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmiah, 4(1), 75–93. https://doi.org/10.32332/tapis.v4i1.1955
Heikka, J., Halttunen, L., & Waniganayake, M. (2018). Perceptions of early childhood education professionals on teacher leadership in Finland. Early Child Development and Care, 188(2), 143–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1207066
Herath, H. M. A., & Mahmood, R. (2014). Strategic orientations and SME performance: Moderating effect of absorptive capacity of the firm. Asian Social Science, 10(13), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n13p95
Hoerniasih, N. (2017). Pengelolaan Program Taman Penitipan Anak Plamboyan 3 di Kabupaten Karawang. Journal of Nonformal Education and Community Empowerment, 1(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.15294/pls.v1i1.15142
Hughes, M., & Morgan, R. E. (2007). Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(5), 651–661.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2006.04.003
Iram, U., & Butt, M. S. (2004). Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of child-care patterns of preschoolers in Pakistan. International Journal of Social Economics, 31(3), 218–238. https://doi.org/10.1108/03068290410518229
Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Pub. L. No. 137/2014, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan 1 (2014).
Kemendikbud. (2015). Petunjuk Teknis Penyelenggaraan TPA. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. https://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/12883/1/3.-Juknis-TPA.pdf
Kemendikbud. (2021). Jumlah Data Satuan Pendidikan (Sekolah) Anak Usia Dini per Provinsi. Kementerian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan.
http://referensi.data.kemdikbud.go.id/index21.php
KemenPPPA. (2019). Berikan Pola Pengasuhan Terbaik Bagi Anak. KemenPPPA.
https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/29/2119/berikan-pola-pengasuhan-terbaik-bagi-anak
KemenPPPA. (2020). Day Care Ramah Anak untuk Produktivitas Pekerja dan Pengasuhan Optimal. Kementerian PPPA. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/29/2894/daycare-ramah-anak-untuk-produktifitas-pekerja-dan-pengasuhan-optimal
KemenPPPA. (2021). Pedoman Standar Taman Asuh Ceria (TARA) / Day Care Ramah Anak. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/lib/uploads/list/b7bfa-pedoman-standar-tara-daycare-ramah-anak.pdf
Kharisma, P. P., Irawanto, D. W., & Rofiq, A. (2020). Entrepreneurial Orientation and Its Effect Toward SMEs Performance Through Strategic Flexibility on Fashion Industry in Malang. Jurnal Bisnis: Teori Dan Implementasi, 11(2), 182–194. https://doi.org/10.18196/jbti.v11i2.9748
Kosa, A., Mohammad, I., & Ajibie, D. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and venture performance in Ethiopia: the moderating role of business sector and enterprise location. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0110-x
Kozubikova, L., Dvorsky, J., Cepel, M., & Balcerzak, A. P. (2017). Important characteristics of an entrepreneur in relation to risk taking: Czech Republic case study. Journal of International Studies, 10(3), 220–233. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-3/16
Kropp, F., Lindsay, N. J., & Shoham, A. (2008). Entrepreneurial orientation and international entrepreneurial business venture startup. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 14(2), 102–117. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550810863080
Langfred, C. W., & Moye, N. A. (2004). Effects of task autonomy on performance: An extended model considering motivational, informational, and structural mechanisms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 934–945. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.934
Loos, J. A. A., & Coulthard, M. (2005). The Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Australian Automotive Components Industry. Journal Contribution.
https://doi.org/10.4225/03/5938abeb8fce2
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1996.9602161568
Lyon, D. W., Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (2000). Enhancing entrepreneurial orientation research: Operationalizing and measuring a key strategic decision making process. Journal of Management, 26(5), 1055–1085.
https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600503
Madhok, A., & Marques, R. (2014). Towards an action-based perspective on firm competitiveness. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 17(2), 77–81.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brq.2014.03.002
Mardiah, S., & Yoserizal. (2019). Peran taman penitipan anak bagi wanita pekerja di Pekanbaru: Studi kasus di Taman Penitipan Anak Mansions Daycare. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa FISIP, 6(1), 1–13.
https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/23019
Marini, A. (2019). Analisis Pelaksanaan Tempat Penitipan berbasis Holistik Integratif [Universitas Negeri Semarang].
http://lib.unnes.ac.id/35377/1/1601414078_Optimized.pdf
Martin, J., Nuttall, J., Henderson, L., & Wood, E. (2020). Educational Leaders and the project of professionalisation in early childhood education in Australia. International Journal of Educational Research, 101(April), 101559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101559
Miranti, Y. S., Syamsudin, M. M., & Fitrianingtyas, A. (2021). Analisis Manajemen Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini menggunakan Metode Evaluasi SWOT di PAUD IT Nur Hidayah. Jurnal Kumara Cendekia, 9(4), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.20961/kc.v9i4.54966
Monika, S. (2014). Motivasi Orang Tua Menitipkan Anaknya di Daycare. Provitae: Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan, 6(1), 38–57. https://doi.org/10.24912/provitae.v6i1.228
Nguyen, D., Nguyen, H., & Nguyen, K. S. (2018). Ownership feature and firm performance via corporate innovation performance. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 25(2), 239–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/jabes-10-2018-0078
Omisakin, O. M., Nakhid, C., Littrell, R., & Verbitsky, J. (2016). Entrepreneurial Orientation among Migrants and Small and Medium Enterprises. Journal of Business Administration Research, 5(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.5430/jbar.v5n1p7
Perez-Luno, A., Wiklund, J., & Cabrera, R. V. (2011). The dual nature of innovative activity: How entrepreneurial orientation influences innovation generation and adoption. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(5), 555–571.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.03.001
Prajogo, D. I. (2016). The strategic fit between innovation strategies and business environment in delivering business performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 171, 241–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.07.037
Purnamasari, M., & Na’imah. (2020). Peran Pendidik dalam Konsep Psikologi Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Pelita PAUD, 4(2), 295–303.
https://doi.org/10.33222/pelitapaud.v4i2.990
Purwandari, N., & Fauzi, A. (2022). Penerapan Technopreneur Dasar Bagi Guru-Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Sekolah Dasar Tingkat Kecamatan Cikarang. Kalbiscentia, 9(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.53008/kalbiscientia.v9i1.216
Sari, N. (2019). Aktivitas bermain, perkembangan literasi awal, dan tempat penitipan anak (day care). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan FKIP, 2(1), 559–566.
Shan, P., Song, M., & Ju, X. (2016). Entrepreneurial orientation and performance: Is innovation speed a missing link? Journal of Business Research, 69(2), 683–690.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.08.032
Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000). The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research. The Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217–226. https://doi.org/10.2307/259271
Sonia, G., & Apsari, N. C. (2020). Pola Asuh yang Berbeda-Beda dan Dampaknya terhadap Perkembangan Kepribadian Anak. Prosiding Penelitian & Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 7(1), 128–135.
Stewart, G. L., & Barrick, M. R. (2000). Team structure and performance: Assessing the mediating role of intrateam process and the moderating role of task type. Academy of Management Journal, 43(2), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.2307/1556372
Susdiani, L. (2020). Analysis the influence of innovations to micro, small, and medium enterprise performance of creative industry in Padang. Procuratio: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 8(2), 450–465. https://doi.org/10.35145/procuratio.v8i4.758
Sutejo, B. S. (2016). Financial Performance Impacts of Corporate Entrepreneurship. Journal of Management and Business, 15(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.24123/jmb.v15i1.41
Trisnawati. (2016). Kajian Inovasi Sektor Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) dengan Pendekatan Sistem Dinamis (Studi Kasus pada Industri Makanan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo Jawa Timur). Jurnal Akuntansi, Ekonomi, Dan Manajemen Bisnis, 4(1), 60–67.
https://jurnal.polibatam.ac.id/index.php/JAEMB/article/view/86
Tufa, T. L., Belete, A. H., & Patel, A. A. (2021). The autonomous side of EO and firm performance: the role of professional experience and entrepreneurial engagement. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 12(3), 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-09-2020-0445
Wang, C. L. (2008). Entrepreneurial Orientation, Learning Orientation, and Firm Performance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(4), 635–657. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00246.x
Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: A configurational approach. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1), 71–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.01.001
Wilson, W. W. (2018). The Impact of Autonomy, Firm Age, Networks, and Knowledge Sharing on Entrepreneurial Learning and Performance [Pace University].
https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/dissertations/AAI13897966/
Wong, S. K. S. (2014). Impacts of environmental turbulence on entrepreneurial orientation and new product success. European Journal of Innovation Management, 17(2), 229–249. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2013-0032
World Bank. (2021). The World Bank in Indonesia. World Bank.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/indonesia/overview#1
Wulandari, Y. P., & Anggraini, L. B. (2020). Strategi Resiliensi Paud Alam Al Firdaus Di Masa Covid 19. Jurnal Resolusi Konflik, CSR Dan Pemberdayaan (CARE), 5(1), 52–61.
Zuliatirrobi’ah, M. H. (2021). Peran TPA Permata Playhouse sebagai Tempat Pengasuhan Anak Usia Dini bagi Ibu Bekerja di Kota Kediri [Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim]. http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/28756/1/17160004.pdf