This article examines the compositional aspects of symmetry and asymmetry in the fresco patterns of Dunhuang, China, in order to investigate its artistic forms and importance. The empirical examination of a vast number of designs reveals that the Dunhuang fresco patterns display a variety of compositional symmetry properties, including axial symmetry, central symmetry, and rotational symmetry. These compositional characteristics have aesthetic consequences on visual perception, making patterns more harmonious, stable, and aesthetically appealing. Furthermore, the Dunhuang fresco patterns include asymmetrical compositional elements such as offsetting, misplacement, and deformation. This article examines the compositional aspects of symmetry and asymmetry in the fresco patterns of Dunhuang, China, in order to investigate its artistic forms and importance. The empirical examination of a vast number of designs reveals that the Dunhuang fresco patterns display a variety of compositional symmetry properties, including axial symmetry, central symmetry, and rotational symmetry. These compositional characteristics have aesthetic consequences on visual perception, making patterns more harmonious, stable, and aesthetically appealing. Furthermore, the Dunhuang fresco patterns include asymmetrical compositional elements such as offsetting, misplacement, and deformation.
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