On June 4th, 2023, the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia revealed its intention to implement a hybrid and flexible learning framework in Malaysian public universities, scheduled to commence during the 2023/2024 academic session. This announcement follows the prior utilization of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift from traditional teaching methods to the ODL model sparked significant reactions, underscoring the need to factor in these responses when formulating strategies for the forthcoming hybrid and flexible learning system in Malaysian HEIs. To address this, the present study employs a qualitative approach through the content analysis method to examine the challenges associated with ODL in the context of Malaysian HEIs during the COVID-19 crisis. The results of our investigation revealed three (3) primary challenges associated with ODL, encompassing 1) technological and technical aspects, 2) unconducive environments, and 3) emotional stress. Additionally, the researchers provide recommendations for stakeholders and policymakers within Malaysian HEIs, equipping them with insights into these challenges and opportunities as they gear up for the imminent integration of a hybrid and flexible learning system.
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