International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Implementing HIP Reading Activities and the Enhancement of Reading Skills in Malaysian Secondary Schools: A Literature Review

Open access
The Highly Immersive Programme (HIP) was introduced by the Ministry of Education in Malaysian language classrooms geared towards mitigating the prevalent lack of English language skills among English language learners. The goal of implementing HIP into the language learning classroom is to provide students with a more engaging, dynamic and interactive learning environment, as the traditional methods of teaching English were proven to be ineffective. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review on implementing the HIP reading activities program to enhance reading skills among secondary school learners. This paper reviewed nine articles related to HIP activities in the language classroom and five papers related to teaching reading skills. This paper includes the benefits and challenges of implementing HIP reading activities, and the integration of the program into the existing curriculum based on past studies. A systematic literature review was employed to select relevant literature for the paper. The selection involved comprehensive database searches overviewing reading skills and the efficacy of the implementation of HIP. This study proposes that future researchers look into a wider perspective of HIP implementation in the language classroom, impact of the implementation on students' proficiency and to explore the adaptability of technological tools to the HIP program.


Abdullah, N. S., & Mohamad, M. (2020). The Implementation of Highly Immersive Programme towards Language Proficiency of Primary School Pupils: A Literature Review. Creative Education, 11(8), 1336-1350.
Ahmad, N. A., & Khoo, Y. Y. (2020). Need Analysis on Improving Reading Skills Using Interactive Kit Media Among Low Achievers. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(7), 7432-7438.
Asiri, A., & Mommani, M. M. (2017). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SQ3R TO TEACH READING SKILLS. Asian Journal of Educational Research, 5(1), 1-6.
Asnawi, B. (2017). Promoting the 3Es (Exposure, Experience, Engagement) in an English-Rich Rural Primary School Community. The English Teacher, 46(1), 30-42.
Aziz, I., Yakout, S., & Al-Saleh, Y. (2019). The Effectiveness of HIP Reading Activities on the Reading Comprehension Skills of Malaysian ESL Learners. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 35(2), 107-125.
Emak, L., & Ismail, H. H. (2021). Incorporating Reading in Writing Classes and Its Effects on ESL Learners’ Writing. Creative Education, 12(8), 1949-1962.
Gray, J. A., & DiLoreto, M. (2016). The Effects of Student Engagement, Student Satisfaction, and Perceived Learning in Online Learning Environments. National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA), 11(1).
Havighurst, S. S., Radovini, A., Hao, B., & Kehao, C. E. (2020). Emotion-focused parenting interventions for prevention and treatment of child and adolescent mental health problems: a review of recent literature. Current Opin Psychiatry, 33(6), 586-601.
Hin, K. K. (2020). PISA 2018 and Malaysia. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 2(3), 12-18.
Jiew, F. F. (2017). The Evaluation of Highly Immersive Programme (HIP). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(2), 2222-6990.
Kamsin, S. R., & Mohamad, M. (2020). The Implementation of Highly Immersive Programme (HIP) Speaking Activities in Malaysian Schools: A Literature Review. Creative Education, 11(9), 1783-1794.
Kiew, S., & Shah, P. M. (2020). Factors Affecting Reading Comprehension among Malaysian ESL Elementary Learners. Creative Education, 11(12), 2639-2659.
Lee, J., & Yoon, Y. S. (2017). The effects of repeated reading on reading fluency for students with reading disabilities: A meta-analysis. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 50(2), 213– 224.
Lustyantie, N., & Aprillia, F. (2020). Reading Interest and Achievement Motivation: A Study in an EFL Context. TESOL International Journal, 15(4), 147-167.
McArthur, G., & Castles, A. (2017). Helping children with reading difficulties: some things we have learned so far. NPJ Science of Learning, 2(7), 1-4.
Mustafa, M., & Zaman, M. (2015). The impact of book review activities on reading motivation and engagement of secondary school students. International Journal of Instruction, 8(2), 155-172.
National Research Council. (1998). Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children (M. S. Burns, P. Griffin, & C. E. Snow, Eds.). National Academies Press.
Saminathan, C., Yin, L. P., Mustafa, Z., & Abdullah, A. (2020). Teachers’ Challenges in Implementing the Highly Immersive Programme (HIP) in the Classrooms. LEARN Journal : Language Education and Acquisition Research Network Journal, 13(2), 194-207.
Smith, S. J., Jones, A. M., & Smith, J. D. (2020). The Challenges of Implementing Reading Activities in the Classroom: A Review of the Literature. Reading Research Quarterly, 55(4), 516-535.