This article explores the systematic attacks on perceptions about the Ottoman Empire by Western powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries, with a particular focus on the factors driving these attacks and their far-reaching consequences. Drawing upon a range of primary and academic sources, the article delves into the historical context, highlighting the Ottoman Empire's initial strength, its subsequent decline, and the emergence of the "Sick Man of Europe" narrative. It also analyzes the multifaceted reasons behind Western enmity toward the Ottoman Empire, encompassing religious, cultural, economic, strategic, and political dimensions. The article further investigates the internal problems faced by the Ottoman Empire, as well as external factors, such as the industrial revolution, imperialism, and the rise of nationalism in Europe, which amplified Western assaults on Ottoman perceptions. The impacts of these attacks, including military decline, weakening of the government structure, and the rise of nationalism, are scrutinized. In response to these challenges, the Ottoman Empire adopted various precautions, including modernizing education, printing books in Western languages, and sending emissaries to Europe. Nevertheless, the article concludes that these strategies largely failed due to limited resources, political instability, and resistance to change. Finally, the article distills lessons for the contemporary Islamic world, emphasizing the importance of education, technology, unity, and cultural defense in the face of external perceptions and the need for intercultural dialogue and economic development to enhance global understanding of Islam.
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