Voting is one of the important elements in the appointment of a leader in a democratic system. The appointment is invalid without referring to the choice of the people. Nevertheless, in the implementation of the current electoral system, voting is always associated with the Islamic method of bay’ah despite the fact that the latter is remotely related to the democratic system. Hence, this working paper aims to elaborate on the position of voting in the democratic system when comparatively analysed with the akad or proclamation of bay’ah in Islamic politics. This study employs library research to analyse the data deductively and inductively which enables the authors to highlight several important issues pertaining to the practice of bay’ah in the current electoral system. This study determines that voting is an element of bay’ah between leaders and the people when it is conceived in the context of religious obligation. Bay’ah is implementable as part of democracy if all parties participating in the election understand the fundamentals of voting and bay’ah in more detail. The implication of this study concludes that understanding bay’ah in its actual concept is crucial in ensuring the reformation of the democratic electoral system. This would positively encourage the enhancement of the integrity level amongst the leadership.
Al-Baghdadiy, A. Q. T. (1928). Usul al-Din. ed. 1. Istanbul: Madrasah al-Ilahiyyat bi Dar al-Funun al-Turkiyyah.
Al-Damiji, A. U. (1988). al-’Imamah al-‘Uzma, al-Riyad: Dar al-Tayyibah.
Al-Juwayni, A. M. A. (1950). Kitab al-’Irshad. Musa, M. Y. et al.. t.tp.: Maktabah al-Khaniji.
Al-Khayyat, A. A .I. (2004). al-Nizam al-Siyasi fi al-’Islam. ed. 2. al-Qahirah: Dar al-Salam.
Al-Mawardiy, A. M. (1989). al-’Ahkam al-Sultaniyyah wa al-Wilayat al-Diniyyah. al-Baghdadiy, ’Ahmad Mubarak. ed. 1. al-Kuwait: Maktabah Dar Ibn Qutaybah.
Al-Nawawiy, M. D. Y. (2003). Rawdah al-Talibin. ‘Adil ’Ahmad ‘Abd al-Mawjud et al.. jil. 7. Bayrut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Al-Qalqashandiy. (t.th.). Ma’athir al-’Inafah Fi Ma‘alim al-Khilafah. ‘Abd al-Satar Ahmad Faraj. ed. 1. jil. 1. Bayrut: ‘Alam al-Kutub.
Al-Qasimi, Z. (1990). Nizam al-Hukm fi al-Shari‘ah wa al-Tarikh al-’Islamiy. ed. 6. Bayrut: Dar al-Nafa’is.
Al-Shanqitiy, M. A. (t.th.). ’Adwa’ al-Bayan. jil. 1. t.tp.: Dar ‘Alam al-Fawa’id.
Al-Suyuti, J. D. (1997). al-’Ashbah wa al-Naza’ir. Markaz al-Dirasat wa al-Buhuth. ed. 2. jil. 1. al-Riyad: Maktabah Nizar Mustafa al-Baz.
Al-Taftazani, M. U. (1998). Sharh al-Maqasid. ‘Abd al-Rahman ‘Umayrah et al.. jil. 5. Bayrut: ‘Alam al-Kutub.
Al-Zuhayli, W. (2004). al-Fiqh al-’Islamiy wa ’Adillatuh. ed. 4. jil. 4-8. Dimashq: Dar al-Fikr.
Ayub, A. (2001). Demokrasi dan Pilihan Raya. ed. 1. Selangor: Pustaka Minda Aktif.
Basmeih, A. (2001). Tafsir Pimpinan Ar-Rahman Kepada Pengertian Al-Qur’an. ed. 12. Kuala Lumpur: Darul Fikir.
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 2005. Kamus Dewan. ed. 4. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Fu’ad, A. (1998). al-Bay‘ah ‘Inda Mufakkiriy Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-‘Aqd al-’Ijtima‘iy fi al-Fikr al-Siyasiy al-Hadith. al-Qahirah: Dar Quba’.
Ibn Hazm, A. A. (1996). al-Fasl fi al-Milal wa al-’Ahwa’ wa al-Nihal. ed. 2. Jil. 4. Bayrut: Dar al-Jil.
Ibn Khaldun, A. R. (t.th).. Muqaddimah Ibn Khaldun. al-Misri, Abu Mazin et al.. t.tp.: al-Maktabah al-Tawfiqiyyah.
Ibn Mandhur, A. F. J. D. M. (t.th). Lisan al-‘Arab. jil. 1-4. al-Qahirah: Dar al-Ma‘arif.
Mohamed, H. (1987). Membangun Demokrasi: Pilihanraya di Malaysia. ed. 1. Kuala Lumpur: Karya Bistari Sdn. Bhd.
Sakdan, M. F. (1997). Pengetahuan Asas Politik Malaysia. ed. 1. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Website Reference
http://www.spr.gov.my/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=97&Itemid=196 6 November 2013.
SPR. (2021). Kategori Pengundi Pos dalam Negara. https://www.spr.gov.my/ms/kategori-pengundi-pos-dalam-negara-dan-luar-negara. Retrieved: 20 November 2021.
