The challenge of cultivating effective speaking skills in language learning has garnered considerable attention from researchers, particularly in recent years due to the burgeoning impact of technology on education. This transformative technological landscape has expanded learners' access to diverse resources for enhancing their speaking proficiency. Consequently, a profound necessity has emerged to comprehend the learning strategies harnessed by learners within this evolving educational paradigm. This review rigorously examines the strategies commonly employed in language acquisition, with a specific lens on refining speaking abilities. The study methodically scrutinized articles published between 2019 and 2023, employing the PRISMA 2020 methodology and drawing insights from two extensive databases: ERIC and Google Scholar. The gleaned findings from this comprehensive review unmistakably indicate that among the spectrum of strategies, meta-cognitive and cognitive approaches stand out as the prevailing choices for bolstering speaking prowess. Following closely, compensation and social strategies come into play as prominent contenders. In contrast, memory and affective strategies emerge as relatively less frequented paths embraced by learners in their quest to enhance speaking capabilities. The implications of these insights are profound for educators, as they enable the identification of teaching methods that resonate effectively within the present-day learning milieu. To augment our grasp further, future research endeavours could explore the application of learning strategies beyond the realm of speaking, encompassing other language skills. This holistic exploration would undoubtedly yield significant contributions toward the advancement of language education as a whole.
Abdelouahed, L. (2019). The use of e-learning in foreign language learning: a case study of undergraduate EFL students. International Journal of Language and Literacy Studies, 1(3), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.vli3.79
Adi, S. S., Unsiah, F., & Lestari, R. N. (2019). Language learning strategies used by Indonesian vocational high school English debate group. International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature and Education, 1(2), 50-58. https://doi.org/10.32585/ijelle.v1i2.536
Alfian, A. (2021). The favored language learning strategies of Islamic University EFL learners. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(1), 47-64.
https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8il.17844
Azlan, N. A. B., Zakaria, S. B., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Integrative task-based learning: developing speaking skill and increase motivation via Instagram. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(1), 620–636. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i1/5463
Basalama, N., Bay, I. W., & Abubakar, A. (2020). Student’s learning strategies in English speaking class. Jambura Journal of English Teaching and Literature, 1(1), 27-39.
Citra, M., & Zainil, Y. (2021). Language learning strategies in speaking classroom activity: extrovert and introvert learners.
In R. N. Rosa, H. Ardi, M. Adek, M. A. Arianto, & Zulfadhli (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language and Arts 2020 (pp. 161-166). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Atlantis Press.
https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210325.030
Doraisamy, H. D. (2021). Current issues and challenges of online learning approach due to pandemic outbreak of Coronavirus (Covid-19). International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends, 7(1), 124-130.
Dorand, P. (2020). Analyzing online learning satisfaction and language learning strategies use. Journal of Informatics and Communications Technology, 2(2), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20035.02086
Fussalam, Y. E., & Kurniawan, R. (n.d.). An analysis of speaking language learning strategies used by students of STKIP Muhammadiyah Muara Bungo. Journal of Language Education Development, 1(1), 20-30.
Istiqomah, S., Candra, M., & Murni, D. (2019). Speaking strategies used by EFL students in academic speaking class of English education study program at Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Journal of Language, Literature and English Teaching, 1(1), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.31629/jj%20umrah.v1i01.2168
James, P. R. A. P., Yong, K. L., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Hear Me Out! Digital storytelling to enhance speaking skills. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(2), 190-202. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i2/5533
Khumhom, S., & Taylor, P. (2019). Language learning strategies used by students in a language school. In P. Sappapan, & S. Koowottayakorn (Eds.), The 8th LITU International Graduate Conference (pp. 289-301). Language Institute Thammasat University. Thailand.
Kurnia, A. (2019). Students’ language learning strategies difference in an Indonesian EFL single-gender classroom. Journal of Applied Linguistics, 1(1), 30-44. https://doi.org/10.36423/altics.v1i1.297
Lahpai, K. N. (2019). A study of teachers’ and learners’ perception and competence on the use of digital literacies in the English language classroom at the Maija Yang Institute of Education, Kachin State, Myanmar. Language in India, 19, 1-23.
Lestari, M., & Wahyudin, A. Y. (2020). Language learning strategies of undergraduate EFL students. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning, 1(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.33365/jeltl.v1i1.242
Lestari, T. M., & Fatimah, S. (2020). An analysis of language learning strategies used by EFL student teachers at English language education program Universitas Negeri Padang. Journal of English Language Teaching, 9(1), 333-345.
Li, H. (2019). Language learning strategies for digital classrooms. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 4(3), 635-640.
https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.3.13 Mam, S. (n.d.). Successful language learning strategies of Cambodian teenagers of English.
Marpaung, D. V., & Widyanotoro, A. (2020). EFL Learners’ Big five personalities, language learning strategies and speaking skills. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 5(1), 73-96.
Masbirorotni, & Fajaryani, N. (2020). In search of commonly used language learning strategies by EFL students. Indonesian Research Journal in Education, 4(1), 171-187. https://doi.org/10.22437/irje.v4i1.7990
Muslimin, A. I. (2019). Dominant language learning strategies used by Managemen Dakwah Department students at UIN MATARAM [Dominant language learning strategies used by Preaching Management Department students at UIN MATARAM]. Journal of English Language Education, 2(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.20414/edulangue.v2i1.798
Naaim, N. A. B., & Hashim, H. B. (2019). The importance of social learning strategies in enhancing students’ speaking skills in MUET. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 9(7), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.07.2019.p9111
Oflaz, A. (2019). The effects of anxiety, shyness and language learning strategies on speaking skills and academic achievement. European Journal of Educational Research, 8(4), 999-1011. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.4.999 Pazilah, F. N., Hashim, H., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Using technology in ESL classroom: highlights and challenges. Creative Education, 10, 3205-3212.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2019.1012244
Pertiwi, W. E., & Suwartono, T. (2019). Tertiary EFL learners’ strategies in handling target oral communication challenges.ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334529178_Tertiary_EFL_Learners'_Strategies_In_Handling_Target_Oral_Communication_Challenges
Ramamuruthy, V., DeWitt, D., & Alias, N. (2021). The need for technical communication for 21st century learning in TVETinstitutions: Perceptions of industry experts. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 13(1), 148-158.
Rao, P. S. (2019). The importance of speaking skills in English classrooms. Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal, 2(2), 6-18.
Rianto, A. (2020). A study of language learning strategy use among Indonesian EFL university students. Register Journal, 13(2), 231-256. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v13i2.231-256
Salam, U., Sukarti, & Arifin, Z. (2020). An analysis of learning styles and learning strategies used by a successful language learner. Journal of English Teaching, 6(2), 111-121. https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v6i2.1734
Sandorova, Z., & Betak, N. (2021). E-learning and developing intercultural communicative competences in the English language during the Covid-19 quarantine: tourism students’ feedback and recommendations. In L. G. Chova, A. L. Martinez, & I. C. Torres (Eds.), 15th International Technology, Education and Development Conference (pp. 6174-6182). International Academy of Technology, Education, and Development. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1240
Sitompul, H. E., Asi, N., & Luardini, M. A. (2019). Strategies of successful English language learners among the university students in improving speaking skill. Journal Compound, 7(2), 52-68.
Syafryadin. (2020). Students’ Strategies in learning speaking: experience of two Indonesian schools. Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning, 9(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.21580/vjv9i14791
Syafryadin, S., Martina, F., & Salniwati, S. (2020). Compensation strategies in speaking activities for non-English department students: poor and competent speakers. Journal of English Educators Society, 5(2), 109-116. http://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v5i2.819
Syamaun, N. A., Kasim, U., & Muslem, A. (2019). English language learning strategies used by science students. Issues in Language Studies, 8(1), 15-30.
https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1354.2019
Taheri, H., Sadighi, F., Bagheri, M. S., & Bavali, M. (2020). Investigating the relationship between Iranian EFL learners’ use of language learning strategies and foreign language skills achievement. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 7(1), 1710944.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2019.1710944
Wahyuni, S. (2019). A learning strategy use and speaking skills in the Indonesian context. Indonesian Journal of English Teaching, 8(2), 79-83.
https://doi.org/10.15642/ijet2.2019.8.2.79-83
Yunus, M. M., Hashim, H. U., & Hashim, H. (2019). Massive Open Online Courses: En route to communication skills acquisition. Arab World English Journal, 5, 98-109. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/call5.8
Yang, M., O’Sullivan, P. S., Irby, D. M., Chen, Z., Lin, C., & Lin, C. (2019). Challenges and adaptations in implementing an English-medium medical program: A case study in China. BMC medical education, 19(1), 1-8
Chen, M.-R. A., & Hwang, G.-J. (2019). Effects of a concept mapping based flipped learning approach on EFL students ’ English speaking performance, critical thinking awareness and speaking anxiety. British Journal of Educational Technology, 51(3), 1-27.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12887
Farrell, S. C., & Kennedy, B. (2019). Refective practice framework for TESOL teachers: One teacher’s refective journey. Refective Practice, 20(1), 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2018.1539657
