The Malay civilization in the past, located in the Malay Archipelago, was a maritime civilization, being strategically situated midway between the trade sea routes of the western and eastern trading nations. Centres of population and polities were found in the major city ports of the region. This strategic location was augmented further by the seasonal variation of the monsoonal winds that blow from the west to the east during summer months (May-August) and from the east to the west during the winter months (September-December), which helped to bring ships both from the west and the east. A lull in the wind between the two seasons forced the ships, especially the bigger classes, to stay put at the harbour which gave traders ample opportunities to trade their goods. Naturally ships played important roles in such maritime trading scenarios and the Malays from earlier times had been using various ship types to fulfil those maritime activities. In this article, Malay maritime activities and description of various ships classes used by the Malays will be discussed, namely the big ocean-going ships, the medium size ships that plied the seas and straits within the Malay Archipelago, and the smaller boats that were used along the sea beaches and rivers throughout the region. However, in this article focus of the discussion will be only on the two big ocean-going ships, the Jongs and the Galleys.
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