This paper aims to investigate the moderating effect of group lending on the relationship between poverty and non-governmental (NGO) microfinance in Northern Pakistan, Khyber Pukhtun Khawa. Quantitative primary data is collected from 297 borrowers of NGOs microfinance. The partial least squares-structural equation modelling moderating role of group lending between the microfinance and poverty is estimated through structural equation model and for the purpose of calculation Smart PLS is used. The results show that the group lending has significant impact on relationship between poverty and microfinance and played a major role in mitigating moral hazard among the respondents. The finding suggests that the group lending approach should be adopted in the loan distribution especially in rural areas.
Attanasio, O., Augsburg, B., De Haas, R., Fitzsimons, E., & Harmgart, H. (2015). The impacts of microfinance: Evidence from joint-liability lending in Mongolia. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 7(1), 90-122.
Armendáriz, B., & Morduch, J. (2010). The Economics of Microfinance. Cambridge: MIT press.
Banerjee, A. V., Duflo, E., Glennerster, R., & Kinnan, C. (2014). Six randomized evaluations of microcredit: Introduction and further steps. American Economic Journal Applied Economics, 7, 1-21.
Barboza, G., & Trejos, S. (2009). Micro credit in Chiapas, México: Poverty reduction through group lending. Journal of Business Ethics, 88, 283-299.
Besley, T., & Coate, S. (1995). Group lending, repayment incentives and social collateral. Journal of Development Economics, 46(1), 1-18.
Blattman, C., Green, E., Annan, J., & Jamison, J. (2013). Building Women's Economic and Social Empowerment through Enterprise: An Experimental Assessment of the Women's Income Generating Support (WINGS) Program in Uganda (English). Logica Study Series No. 1. Washington DC: World Bank Group.
Boachie, C. (2016). The effect of microfinance on poverty reduction in developing economies. Handbook of Research on Social Entrepreneurship and Solidarity Economics, 240-256.
Chen, S., & Ravallion, M. (2013). More relatively?poor people in a less absolutely?poor world. Review of Income and Wealth, 59(1), 1-28.
Churchill, A. (2015). Impact of microfinance on female empowerment: A review of the empirical literature. In S. Moore (Ed.), Contemporary Global Perspectives on Gender Economics (pp. 39-54). United States: Information Science Reference.
Coleman, B. E. (1999). The impact of group lending in Northeast Thailand. Journal of Development Economics, 60(1), 105-141.
Crépon, B., Devoto, F., Duflo, E., & Pariente, W. (2011). Impact of microcredit in rural areas of Morocco: Evidence from a randomized evaluation. American Economic Journal Applied Economics, 7(1), 123–150.
Chen, S., & Ravallion, M. (2013). More relatively?poor people in a less absolutely?poor world. Review of Income and Wealth, 59(1), 1-28.
Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses. In V. Esposito, W.W. Chin, J. Henseler & H. Wang. (Eds.), Handbook of Partial Least Squares: Concepts, Methods and Application (pp. 645-689). New York: Springer.
Fasoranti, M. M. 2010. The influence of micro-credit on poverty alleviation among rural dwellers: A case study of Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo State. African Journal of Business Management, 4(8), pp.1438–1446.
Ghatak, M. (1999). Group lending, local information and peer selection. Journal of Development Economics, 60(1), 27-50.
Gomez, R., & Santor, E. (2001). Membership has its privileges: The effect of social capital and neighbourhood characteristics on the earnings of microfinance borrowers. Canadian Journal of Economics, 943-966.
Abdul-Hadi, N., & Kamaluddin, A. (2015). Social collateral, repayment rates, and the creation of capital among the clients of microfinance. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31, 823-828.
Hair, J. F, Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed, a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152.
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modelling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 414-433.
Hair, J. F., Joseph, F., & Lukas, B. (2014). Marketing Research (Vol. 2). Australia: McGraw-Hill Education.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), 2nd Ed. California: Sage Publication.
Haldar, A., & Stiglitz, J. E. (2016). Group lending, joint liability, and social capital: Insights from the Indian microfinance crisis. Politics & Society, 44(4), 459-497.
Hashemi, S. M., Schuler, S. R., & Riley, A. P. (1996). Rural credit
In-Text Citation: (Ab-Rahim & Shah, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Ab-Rahim, R., & Shah, S.-U.-M. (2019). The Moderating Role of Group Lending on the Relationship between Microfinance and Poverty in Pakistan. International Journal Academic Research Business and Social Sciences, 9(3), 1143–1156.
Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode