Academic management could be seen as a significant factor in exploiting university intellectual property through a business venture. Although several studies recognized entrepreneurial abilities and skills as key drivers of start-up economic success in high-technology sectors, only a few of them focused on academic start-ups performance considering the top management composition. Accordingly, the aim of this work was to investigate the impact of diversity management on academic start-ups financial performance, focusing on academic members in board of directors from a resource-based perspective. In particular, we carried out a cross-sectional analysis bordering our study to 136 university spin-offs established in southern Italy. Our findings showed that diversity management in academic business venturing increases the economic performance of university spin-offs. Specifically, a well-diversified academic top management according to functional diversity as well as academic position impacts positively on academic start-ups economic growth while scientific background heterogeneity seems to lower the economic performance.
Abramo, G., D'Angelo, C. A., Ferretti, M., & Parmentola, A. (2012). An individual?level assessment of the relationship between spin?off activities and research performance in universities. R&D Management, 42(3), 225-242.
Algieri, B., Aquino, A., & Succurro, M. (2013). Technology transfer offices and academic spin-off creation: the case of Italy. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 38(4), 382-400.
Amason, A. C. (1996). Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams. Academy of management journal, 39(1), 123-148.
Amason, A. C., & Sapienza, H. J. (1997). The effects of top management team size and interaction norms on cognitive and affective conflict. Journal of management, 23(4), 495-516.
Amason, A. C., Shrader, R. C., & Tompson, G. H. (2006). Newness and novelty: Relating top management team composition to new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(1), 125-148.
Ancona, D. G., & Caldwell, D. (1992). Cross-functional teams: Blessing or curse for new product development. Transforming organizations, 154-166.
Audretsch, D. B. (2014). From the entrepreneurial university to the university for the entrepreneurial society. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 39(3), 313-321.
Audretsch, D. B., & Lehmann, E. E. (2005). Does the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship hold for regions?. Research Policy, 34(8), 1191-1202.
Bantel, K. A., & Jackson, S. E. (1989). Top management and innovations in banking: does the composition of the top team make a difference?. Strategic management journal, 10(S1), 107-124.
Barbieri, E., Rubini, L., Pollio, C., & Micozzi, A. (2018). What are the trade-offs of academic entrepreneurship? An investigation on the Italian case. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(1), 198-221.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
Barney, J., Wright, M., & Ketchen Jr, D. J. (2001). The resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after 1991. Journal of management, 27(6), 625-641.
Beckman, C. M. (2006). The influence of founding team company affiliations on firm behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 741-758.
Beckman, C. M., Burton, M. D., & O'Reilly, C. (2007). Early teams: The impact of team demography on VC financing and going public. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(2), 147-173.
Ben-Hafaïedh, C., Micozzi, A., & Pattitoni, P. (2018). Academic spin-offs’ entrepreneurial teams and performance: a subgroups approach. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(3), 714-733.
Blau, P. M. (1977). Inequality and heterogeneity: A primitive theory of social structure (Vol. 7). New York: Free Press.
Brush, C. G., Greene, P. G., & Hart, M. M. (2001). From initial idea to unique advantage: The entrepreneurial challenge of constructing a resource base. Academy of Management Perspectives, 15(1), 64-78.
Bunderson, J. S., & Sutcliffe, K. M. (2002). Comparing alternative conceptualizations of functional diversity in management teams: Process and performance effects. Academy of management journal, 45(5), 875-893.
Carree, M., Della Malva, A., & Santarelli, E. (2014). The contribution of universities to growth: Empirical evidence for Italy. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 39(3), 393-414.
Clarysse, B., & Moray, N. (2004). A process study of entrepreneurial team formation: the case of a research-based spin-off. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(1), 55-79.
Cohen, W. M., Florida, R., Randazzese, L., & Walsh, J. (1998). Industry and the academy: uneasy partners in the cause of technological advance. Challenges to research universities, 171(200), 59.
Colombo, M. G., & Grilli, L. (2005). Founders’ human capital and the growth of new technology-based firms: A competence-based view. Research policy, 34(6), 795-816.
Colombo, M. G., Croce, A., & Murtinu, S. (2014). Ownership structure, horizontal agency costs and the performance of high-tech ent
In-Text Citation: (Sciarelli, Landi, Turriziani, & Tani, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Sciarelli, M., Landi, G., Turriziani, L., & Tani, M. (2019). Diversity Management in Academic Business Venturing: Empirical Evidence from Italian Universities. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(3), 43–62.
Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode