In the banking sector, the conditions for creating a sustainable competitive advantage are specific. Moreover, innovation is not protected, new products or new sales methods are easily imitated. Organizational environment that will support the Empowerment Strategies is needed for the realization of Sustainable Competitive Advantage and for ensuring sustainability. Therefore, Sustainable Competitive Advantage is directly associated with the Motivation Factors and the Empowerment Strategies of the employee who will perform the Sustainable Competitive Advantage. According to the findings of the research, hierarchy culture negatively affects all types of Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Empowerment positively Impacts Sustainable Competitive Advantage.
Moreover, it was observed that empowerment played a moderating role in the manner it would reduce the negative effects of hierarchy culture on Sustainable Competitive Advantage. The most important recommendation this study provides are Strengthening the development of organizational policies and procedures related to pushing towards achieving competitive advantage in Banks in Iraqi.
Agarwal, S., & Adjirackor, T. (2016). Impact of Teamwork on Organizational Productivity in Some Selected Basic Schools in The ACCRA Metropolitan Assembly?. European Journal of Business, Economics and Accountancy, 4(6), 40–52.
Al-Rfou, A., & Trawneh, K. (2009). Achieve Competitive Advantage through Job Motivation. Journal of Social Sciences, 20(2), 105–107.
Balivada, P. K. (2018). Sustainable Competitive Advantage through Employee Empowerment Plan. Journal of Advance Management Research, 6(4), 360–363.
Barney, J. B. (1986). Organizational Culture: Can It Be a Source of Sustained Competitive Advantage? Academy of Management Review, 11(3), 656–665.
Beal, B. (2003). Teamwork – the key to staff development. Career Development International, 8(5), 235–240.
Boudrias, J. S., Gaudreau, P., Savoie, A., & Morin, A. J. S. (2009). Employee empowerment: From managerial practices to employees’ behavioral empowerment. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(7), 625–638.
Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3), 471–482.
Cook, P. (1998). The creativity advantage ? is your organization the leader of the pack? Industrial and Commercial Training, 30(5), 179–184.
Coyne, K. P. (1986). Sustainable competitive advantage—What it is, what it isn’t. Business Horizons, 29(1), 54–61.
Dobre, O.-I. (2013). Employee motivation and organizational performance. Review of Applied Socio- Economic Research, 5(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1.1.473.4070
Ford, R. C., & Fottler, M. D. (1995). Empowerment: A matter of degree. The Academy of Management Executive.
Hakkak, M. (2015). Development of a Sustainable Competitive Advantage Model Based On Balanced Scorecard. International Journal of Asian Social Science.
Hancer, M., & George, R. T. (2003). Job Satisfaction Of Restaurant Employees: An Empirical Investigation Using The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 27(1), 85–100.
Hoffman, N. P. (2000). An Examination of the Sustainable Competitive Advantage Concept: Past, Present, and Future. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 2000(4).
Honold, L. (1997). A review of the literature on employee empowerment. Empowerment in Organizations, 5(4), 202–212.
Hunt, S. D., & Morgan, R. M. (1995). The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition. Journal of Marketing, 59(2), 1.
Ian Brown, D. (1995). Team?based reward plans. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 1(1), 23–31.
Ismajli, N., Zekiri, J., Qosja, E., & Krasniqi, I. (2015). The Importance of Motivation Factors on Employee Performance in Kosovo Municipalities. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 5(1), 23–39.
Jiang, X. (2010). How to Motivate People Working in Teams. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(10), p223.
Jin, P. (1993). Work Motivation and Productivity in Voluntarily Formed Work Teams: A Field Study in China. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 54, 133–155.
Judith, M. Z. (2012). Employee empowerment and organizational commitment: A study of the food manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe?. African Journal of Business Management , 6(38), 10332–10339.
Kamalian, A. R., Yaghoubi, N. M., & Moloudi, J. (2010). Survey of Relationship between Organizational Justice and Empowerment (A Case Study). European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 4, 165–171.
Kay, J. (1993). The Structure of Strategy. Business Strategy Review, 4(2), 17–37.
Kinicki, A., & Williams, B. (2006). Management a Practical Introduction. (New York: McGraw-Hill, Ed.) (Fourth). Irwin.
Kleiman, L. (2000). Human Resource Management. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College .
Liao, H., & Chuang, A. (2004). A Multilevel Investigation of Factors Influencing Employee Service Performance and Customer Outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 47(1), 41–58.
Malone, T. W. (1997). Is empowerment just a fad
In-Text Citation: (Alalie, Harada, & Noor, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Alalie, H. M., Harada, Y., & Noor, I. M. (2019). Mediating Role of Empowerment Strategies in the Impact of Motivation Factors on Sustainable Competitive Advantage: A study of the Banks in Iraqi. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(2), 568–578.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
