Studies on entrepreneurship intention in Malaysia focused more on postgraduate students than undergraduate students. The students’ entrepreneurial intention, particularly factors contributing to the undergraduate students’ decisions not to become entrepreneurs were not well discussed. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have long been a positive factor to the improvement of the country's economy and the nation’s well-being. Although there are many government assistances, there are still many undergraduate students who choose not to be involved in business or run their own business. Research on factors hindering the undergraduate students from starting a business while studying is important as the future working environment largely depends on the enthusiasm, agility, and creativity of these generations. The objective of this study is to review the entrepreneurship intention literature within the context of business start-up among university students. This study also proposes a conceptual model to increase the understanding of the factors hindering undergraduate students from starting a business while studying. This model, which enhances knowledge of entrepreneurship intention among undergraduate students, enriches the theory of Psychological School of Thought and Social Networking Theory in entrepreneurship intention research.
Adrimag, C. and Martins, S. (2004). Projects and entities in the activity and projects. Retrieved from Adrimag: www.adrimag.com.pt/downloads
Aldrich, H. E., and Ruef, M. (2006). Organizations evolving. London: Sage Publication Inc.
Ariff, A. H. M., Bidin, Z., Sharif, Z., & Ahmad, A. (2010). Predicting entrepreneurship intention among Malay University Accounting students in Malaysia. UNIFAR e-journal, 6(1).
Ariff, M. and Syarisa Yanti, A.B. (2002). Strengthening Entrepreneurship in Malaysia. Malaysian Economic Outlook: 1st Quarter 2002 update, Proceedings of the 7th Corporate Economic Briefing, 2002, Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 1-22.
Aslam, S. and Hasnu, S. (2016). Issues and constraints perceived by young entrepreneurs of Pakistan. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 12(1), 50-65.
Bakotiü, D., and Kružiü, D. (2010). Students' perceptions and intentions towards entrepreneurship: The empirical findings from Croatia. izlazi u samo elektroniþkom izdanju: NE.
Banerji, A., S. Saksonovs, H. Lin, and R. Blavy. (2014). Youth Unemployment in Advanced Economies in Europe: Searching for Solutions. Washington DC: IMF Staff Discussion Note.
Baron, R., Franklin, R. and Hmieleski, K. (2016). Why Entrepreneurs Often Experience Low, Not High, Levels of Stress. Journal of Management, 42(3), 742-768.
Blanchflower, D.G. and Oswald, A.J. (1998). What makes an entrepreneur? Journal of Labor Economics, 16(1), 26?60.
Block, J., Sandner, P., and Spiegel, F. (2015). How do risk attitudes differ within the group of entrepreneurs? The role of motivation and procedural utility. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 183–206.
Brandstätter, H. (2011). Personality aspects of entrepreneurship: a look at five meta-analyses. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(3), 222-230.
Burt, R. (1997). The contingent value of social capital. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42, 339?65.
Burt, R. S. (2005). Brokerage and closure: An introduction to social capital. Oxford university press.
Cardon, M. S., Zietsma, C., Saparito, P., Matherne, B. P., and Davis, C. (2005). A tale of passion: New insights into entrepreneurship from a parenthood metaphor. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1), 23-45.
11MP (2010). Chapter 1, a 10th Malaysia Plan, 2011-2015. Putrajaya: Economic Planning Unit of Prime Minister's Department.
SME Report (2016). Chapter 5, SME and Entrepreneurship Development Programmes. SME ANNUAL REPORT 2015/16.
Churchill, N.C. and Lewis, V.L. (1986). Entrepreneurship Research. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing.
Coase, R. (1937). The nature of the firm. Economica, 4, 386–405.
Connor, K. R. and Prahalad, C. K. (1996). A resource-based theory of the firm: knowledge versus Opportunism. Organization Science, 7(5), 477–501.
DeGeorge, Michel, J., & Fayolle., A. (2008). Is Entrepreneurial Intention Stable Through Time? First Insights from a Sample of French Students. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 5(1), 7–27.
Dess, G. G., Lumpkin, G. T., and Covin, J. G. (1997). Entrepreneurial strategy making and firm performance: Test of contingency and configurational models. Strategic of Management Journal, 18(9), 677-695.
Dev, M.S. and Mahajan, V. (2003). Employment and unemployment. Economic and Political Weekly, 38(12), 1252-1261.
Dian-Hikmah, M. I. and Mahyuddin, M. Z. (2016). Youth Unemployment in Malaysia: Developments and Policy Considerations. Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report.
Dinis, A., do Paco, A., Ferreira, J., Raposo, M., & Gouveia Rodrigues, R. (2013). Psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial intentions among secondary students. Education+ Training, 55(8/9), 763-780.
Doherty, B., Haugh, H. and Lyon, F. (2014). Social enterprises as hybrid organizations: a review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 16, 417–436.
Drucker, P. (1985). Drucker Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Butterworth-Heinemann: Oxford.
Fran
In-Text Citation: (Patrick, Rizal, Hee, Mahadi, & Kamarudin, 2019)
To Cite this Article: Patrick, Z. B., Rizal, A. M., Hee, O. C., Mahadi, M., & Kamarudin, S. (2019). Factors Hindering Undergraduate Students from Starting a Business While Studying. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(1), 455–468.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode