Sustainable island tourism relies on values in which social behavior often involves social exchanges where people are motivated to attain some valued reward that forfeits value (cost) on how community and environmental behavior coevolve. This is a conceptual paper to study the effects of community participation factors on environmental behavior in island tourism. The paper goes on to analyze three factors that play a role in community participation behavior (CPB). The study uses generation factors as proxies to capture and addresses factors that influence people in everyday lives at place-based studies. These relationships are yet to underpin by Social Exchange Theory (SET) and the confidence in the predictive power of such community participation at island tourism remains low. The generalizability of SET theory, therefore, requires major advances in incorporating more realistic relationships, underpinned by appropriate social exchange and social-science data and theories. The latter is a critical input since community participation – especially social exchange arising from it – influences the behavior and consequences of behaviors. This paper reviews the social exchange that links community participation factors to influence community environmental behavior at island tourism. This study will discuss in relation to the theory of social exchange as the underpinning theory. The theory also discusses adopted community environmental behavior and the activation of the individual norms in community and tourist. The findings of the paper include the types of factors that play a role in community behavior (altruism, consciousness, and civic virtue behavior) and what factor appears to be the most influential. This conceptual paper is significant because it will explore a number of factors that affect the community’s behavior towards environmental conservation at island tourism.
Allsopp, M., Page, R., Johnston, P., Santillo, D. (2009). State of the world’s oceans. Springer, New York, NY.
Ap, J. (1992). Residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), 665-690.
Ap, J. (1990). Residents’ perceptions research on the social impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 610-616.
Azizan, M.H., Wahid N. A. (2012). “A Proposed Model on Environmental Stewardship”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 65, Elsevier Ltd. pp. 587-592.
Barr, S., Gilg, A.W. (2005). Conceptualizing and analyzing household attitudes and actions to growing environmental problem: Development and application of a framework to guide local waste policy. Applied Geography, 25(3), 226-247.
Bennett, N.J., Whitty, T.S., Finkbeiner, E. et al. (2018). Environmental Management, Springer US 61: 597-614.
Bernath, K., Roschewitz, A. (2008). Recreational benefits of urban forests: Explaining visitors’ willingness to pay in the context of the theory of planned behavior. J. Environ. Manag., 89, 155–166.
Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life, Wiley: New York.
Briguglio, L., Briguglio M. (2002). “Sustainable Tourism in Small Islands: the Case of Malta”, in eds.di Castri and Balaji Tourism, Biodiversity, and Information. Backhyus Publishers, Leiden. pp. 169-184.
Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2003). Business research methods, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Butler, R.W. (1980). The concepts of a tourist area cycle of evolution: implications for management of resources. Canadian Geographer / Le Geographe Canadien, 24(1), 5-12.
Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Fornara, F., Bonnes, M., Bonaiuto, M. (2013). Place attachment, community identification, and pro-environmental engagement. In Place Attachment: Advances in Theory, Methods, and Applications; Lynne, M., Patrick, D.-W., Eds.; Routledge: London, UK; New York, NY, USA. pp. 176–192.
Catford, J. (1991). Primary environmental care: an ecological strategy for health. Health Promotion International, 6, 239-240.
Chapin III F.S., Carpenter S.R., Kofinas G.P. (2010). Ecosystem stewardship: sustainability strategies for a rapidly changing planet. Trends Ecol Evol 25: 241-249.
Cheng, T.M., C., Wu, H., Huang, L.M. (2013). The influence of place attachment on the relationship between destination attractiveness and environmentally responsible behavior for island tourism in Penghu, Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(8), 1166-1187.
Chiu, Y.H., Lee, W.I., Chen, T.H. (2014). Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications. Tour. Manag. 2014, 40, 321–329.
Collins, R. (2010). “The Contentious Social Interactionism of Charles Tilly”. Social Psychology Quarterly.
Croes, R., (2005). "A paradigm shift to a new strategy for small island economies: Embracing demand side economics for value enhancement and long-term economic stability”, Tourism Management.
Cropanzano, R., Mitchell, M.S. (2005). “Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review”. Journal of Management. 31(6): 874-900.
Davy C.M., Ford A.T., Fraser K.C. (2017). Aeroconservation for the fragmented skies, Conserv Lett n/a-n/a.
Diaz S., Demissew S., Carabias J. (2015). The IPBES conceptual framework – connecting nature and people. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 14: 1-16.
Dolisca, F., Doughlas, R., Joshua, M., Daniel, Mc. (2006). Factors influencing farmers participation in forestry management programs: a case study from Haiti. Journal of forest ecology and management, Vol.23 pp. 327-331.
Doxey, G.V. (1975). A causation theory of visitor-resident irritants’ methodology and research inferences. In Conference Proceedings of the sixth annual conference of the Travel Research Association. San Diego, CA.
D’Silva, E., Pai, S. (2003). “Social Capital and Collective Action: Development Outcomes in Forest Protection and Watershed Development”. Economic and Political Weekly, 38(14): 1404-15.
Emerson, R. (1972). Power-dependence relations. American Sociological Review, 27(1),
In-Text Citation: (Azizan, Azmi, & Anuar, 2018)
To Cite this Article: Azizan, M., Azmi, A., & Anuar, N. A. M. (2018). The Influence of Community Participation Factors on Environmental Behavior in Island Tourism. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(16), 287–303.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
