Social networking sites (SNS) connect and link people based on information gathered about them, as saved in their user profiles. Nearly every organization has some connections with a social networking site or two; whether to extend its business or as a means of sharing information and interaction amongst its employees. Although research has found that using social networking sites has also increased the productivity in organizations, there are some organizations that have banned the social networking sites usage in the workplace. This study attempts to look at this issue by examining the previous literature on the usage of social networking sites influencing job performance at the workplace and its influence on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, absenteeism, turnover intention and innovative behaviour. This article reviews the issues on the current situation as regard to the usage of social networking sites.
Abhanyakar, A. (2011). Social Networking Sites.[Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.sibm.edu/FacultyResearch/pdf/samvad2.pdf#page=18
Abrahams, N. & McKeon, P. (2008).Media release: Employers taking chances when
blocking Facebook too, says Deacons. Deacons. Retrieved on September 30, 2012
from the World Wide Web: http://www.deacons.com.au/legal-services/technology-
media-telecommunications/media-releases/media-release.cfm?objid=6383
Aguenza, B.B. &Som, A.P.M. ( 2012). A conceptual Analysis of Social Networking and its Impact on Employee Productivity.IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 1(2), 48-52. Retrieved on January 12, 2014) from the World Wide Web:
www.iosrjournals.org/ccount/click.php?id=5576
Aguenza, B. B., Kasem, A.H., & Som, A.F. (2012). Social Media in Productivity in the Workplace.Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business: Challenges and Constrain, 2(2), 22-26. Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.idjrb.com/articlepdf/article223.pdf
Ahmad, H., Ahmad .K, & Shah.I. (2010). Relationship between Job Satisfaction, Job
Performance, Attitude towards Work and Organization Commitment.European Journal of Social Sciences, 18(2) 257-267. Retrieved on October 10, 2012 from the World Wide Web:www.eurojournals.com/ejss_18_2_10.pdf
Akbarialiabadi, A. &Zolfaghari, M. (2011).The effects of social networking in the
workplace. [Online Article]. Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web http://www.articlesbase.com/networking-articles/the-effects-of-social-networking-in-the-workplace-4545166.html
Asiedu, K. A. (2010). A Case Study of Online Social Networking at Workplace In Ghana.[Online Article]. Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://repository.regentghana.net:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/113/1/A%20Case%20Study%20of%20Online%20Social%20Networking%20at%20Workplaces%20in%20Ghana.pdf
Awolusi, F. (2012).The Impacts of Social Networking Sites on Workplace Productivity.The Journal of Technology, Management and Applied Engineering, 28 (1).[Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web:
http://atmae.org/jit/Articles/Awolusi-Social-Networking-Work-Productivity-2012-01- 30.pdf
Baker, D., Buoni, N., Fee, M., &Vitale , C. (n.d). Social Networking and Its Effects on Companies
and their Employeers.[Online Article]. Retrieved on July21, 2012 from the World Wide
Web: www.neumann.edu/academics/.../business/.../SocialNetworking.pdf
Bennett, J., Owers, M., Pitt, M., & Tucker, M. (2010).Workplace Impact of Social
Networking.Property Management. 28(3), 138-148.[Online Article].Retrieved on September 3, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/BLT/BUE_Docs/Amended_PROCEEDINGS_BEAN_2010_WEB_VERSION_07.pdf
Broughton, A, Higgins, T, Hicks, B.& Cox, A. (2010). Workplace and Social Networking;The Implications for Employment Relation.[Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.acas.org.uk/media/pdf/d/6/1111_Workplaces_and_Social_Networking.pdf
Boyd, D.M. & Ellison, N.B. (2007). ‘Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and
Scholarship’ Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), article 11.[Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web:
http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html
Bluman, A.G. (2004). Elementary statistics: A step by step approach (Fifth edition). New York: McGraw-Hill Bumgarner, B.A. (November 2007). You have been poked:Exploring the uses and gratification of Facebook among emerging adults. [Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://firstmonday.org/article/view/2026/1897
Carmeli, A., Meitar, R.&Weisberg, J. (2006).Self-Leadership Skills And Innovative
Behavior at Work. [Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://ynnovate.it/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/innovation-and-self-leadership-.pdf
Cambridge University Press (2005). Cambridge advanced learner’s dictionary (Second edition). Singapore: Cambridge University Press. Chiang, H. S. (2012). Continuous usage of social networking sites. The effect of innovation
and gratification attributes. [Online Article].Retrieved on February 25, 2014 from
the World Wide Web: www.emeraldinsight.com/1468-4527.htm
Cook, A.L. (2008). Job satisfaction and job performance: Is The Relationship Spurious?[Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web:http://repository.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3052/COOK-THESIS.pdf
Coyle, C. L. and Vaughn, H. (2008), Social networking: Communication revolution or evolution?. Bell Labs Tech. J., 13: 13–17. doi: 10.1002/bltj.20298
Comscore. (17 October, 2011). Social Networking Accounts for One Third of All Time Spent Online in Malaysia.[Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2011/10/Social_Networking_Accounts_for_One_Third_of_All_Time_Spent_Online_in_Malaysia
Comscore. (7 June, 2011). Average Time Spent on Social Networking Sites Across
Geographies.[Online Article].Retrieved on September 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.comscoredatamine.com/2011/06/average-time-spent-on-social-networking-sites-across-geographies/
Dunne, A., Lawlor, M.A. (2010). Young people’s use of online social networking sites – a uses and gratifications perspective.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2013 from the World Wide:www.emeraldinsight.com/2040-7122.htm
Emery, M. (2010).When the Cure is the Cause: the Turnover and Absenteeism Problems.The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 15(1). [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://www.lib.upm.edu.my/
FaceTime, (2008, October).The Collaborative Internet: Usage Trends, End User Attitudes and IT Impact. Fourth Annual Survey, FaceTime Communications.[Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web:
http://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/FTIME_US/F081031C.pdf
Garland, B., Mccarty, W., & Zhao, R. (1 December 2008). Job Satisfaction and
Organizational Commitment in Prisons: An Examination of Psychological Staff, Teachers, and Unit Management Staff. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: ttp://ezproxy.upm.edu.my:2270/content/36/2/163.full.pdf+html
Griffin, M., Hogan, N., Lambert, E., Gail, K., & Baker, D. (1 December 2009). Job
Involvement, Job Stress, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment and the
Burnout of Correctional Staff.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the
World Wide:http://ezproxy.upm.edu.my:2270/content/37/2/239.full.pdf+html
Hausknecht, J., Hiller, N., & Vance, R. (2008).Work-Unit Absenteeism: Effects Of
Satisfaction, Commitment, Labour Market Conditions, and Time. Academy of Management Journal, 51(6), 1223–1245.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide:http://gonzo.studentenweb.org/_php/stage/35733022.pdf
Hussin, A. (2011). The Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Job Performance Among Employees in Tradewinds Group of Companies.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: eprints.oum.edu.my/668/1/relationship_anuar.pdf
Jordon, P. & Troth, A. (June, 2010). Emotional intelligence and leader member exchange. The relationship with employee turnover intentions and job satisfaction.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 20, 2012 from the World Wide:http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1923607
Lane, M. & Coleman, P. (n.d).Technology ease of use through social networking media. Journal of Technology Research.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 20, 2012 from the World Wide:http://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/11758.pdf
Manpower. (January, 2010). Employers Perspective on Social Networking: Global Key Finding.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://www.manpower.se/Uploaded/D7D40540CB95464680509784EF1C2BB2.pdf
Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., & Lee, T. W. (2001). How to keep your best employees: Developing an effective retention policy.Academy of Management
Executive, 4, 96–108.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://www.fbe.hku.hk/doc/courses/ug/2011-012/BUSI0075A/JobMobility.pdf
Moqbel, M. (2012). The Effect of Use of Social Networking Sites in The Workplace on Job Performance.[Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.scriptwarp.com/warppls/pubs/Moqbel_2012_PhDDiss.pdf
Moqbel, M., Nevo, S. & Kock, N. (April 2013). Organizational members’ use of social networking sites and job performance. [Online Article]. Retrieved on January 4, 2014 from the World Wide Web: www.emeraldinsight.com/0959-3845.htm
Nazri, W. and Charfeddine, L. (September 2012). An Exploration of Facebook.Com Adoption in Tunisia Using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business. 4(5), 948-968. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide:http://journal-archieves23.webs.com/948-968.pdf
Nehmeh, R. (2009). What is organizational commitment, why should managers want it intheir workforce and is there any cost effective way to secure it? [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://www.swissmc.at/Media/Ranya_Nehmeh_working_paper_05-2009.pdf
Ntumba, L& McCain, S. (2011). Push and pull factors: influence on female managers and executives’ exit from the workplace, impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide:
scholarworks.umass.edu/gradconf_hospitality/2011/Presentation/93/
Parsons, K., McCormar.A. &Butavicius.M. (May, 2011). Don't Judge a (Face) Book by its Cover: A Critical Review of the Implications of Social Networking Sites. [Online Article].Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide Web: www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA545822
Parvin, A., &Kabir, M. (December 2010). Factors Affecting Employees Job Satisfaction of PharmaceuticalSector.Australian Journal of Business and Management Research. 1(9), 113-123. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.ajbmr.com/articlepdf/AJBMR_19_23i1n9a13a.pdf
Prashant Naidu. (August, 2013). ComScoreSouthEast Asia Digital 2013 Report: 62M
Web Users, Facebook Leads Followed By Twitter, LinkedIn And Tumblr. [Online Article]. Retrieved on December 1, 2013 from the World Wide: http://lighthouseinsights.in/comscore-southeast-asia-digital-2013-report-62m-web-users-facebook-leads-followed-by-twitter-linkedin-and-tumblr.html
Ramayah, T., Jantan, M. &Tadisina, S. (November 2001). Job Satisfaction: Empirical
Evidence for Alternatives to JDI. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://ramayah.com/journalarticlespdf/jobsatisfaction.pdf
Rhoades, L., Eisenberger, R., &Armeli, S. (2001). Effective Commitment to the
Organization: The Contribution of Perceived Organizational Support. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://www.psychology.uh.edu/faculty/Eisenberger/files/04_Affective_Commitment_to_the_Organization.pdf
Rotundo, M. (2002).Defining and Measuring Individual Level Job Performance: A Review and Integration. [Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi...1... - United States
Sahoo, J.S., & Das, D. (2011). Social Networking Sites – A Critical Analysis of its impact on Personal and Social Life.International Journal of Business and Social Science, 14(2), 222 – 228. [Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol._2_No._14;_July_2011/25.pdf
Spiegelaere, S.D., Gyes, GV.,Vandekerckhove. S., &Hootegem, G.V. (April 2012). Job Design And Innovative Work Behavior: Enabling Innovation Through Active Or Low-Strain Jobs. [Online Article]. Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: https://hiva.kuleuven.be/resources/pdf/anderepublicaties/HIVA_WP2012_01.pdf
Stollak, M., Vandenbery, A., Zeni J., Scribner, K.J ( n.d ). The Impact of Social Media
Policies on the Staffing and Socialization Process. Retrieved from DOI
OC12014/OC12016/OC12032/OC12041
Tella, A., Ayeni, C., Popoola, S. ( 2007). Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and
Organisational Commitment of Library Personnel in Academic and Research Libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria.[Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/tella2.pdf
Terrell, K.,& Kwok, L. (2011).Organizational Impression Management Behaviors in Social Media: A Perspective of a Social Networking Site. [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide:
http://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=gradconf_hospitality&sei-redir
Vitak, J., Lampe, C., Gray, R., & Ellison, N. (2012). “Why Won’t You Be My
Facebook Friend?”: Strategies for Managing Context Collapse in the Workplace [Online Article]. Retrieved on October 1, 2012 from the World Wide: http://ezproxy.upm.edu.my:2171/10.1145/2140000/2132286/p555-vitak.pdf?ip=119.40.117.85&acc=ACTIVE%20SERVICE&CFID=127058670&CFTOKEN=45841322&__acm__=1350216457_f62e3feca4ff2a272d13ee2063a23bb6
Wickramasinghe, V., & Nisaf, M.S.M. (2012). Organizational policy as a moderator between online social networking and job performance. [Online Article]. Retrieved on January 2, 2014 from the World Wide Web: www.emeraldinsight.com/0305-5728.htm
Wang, Y. &Kobsa, A. (2009). Privacy in online social networking at workplace,
Proceedings of the IEEE SocialCom'09 Workshop on Security and Privacy in Online
Social Networking (SPOSN09), Vancouver, Canada.[Online Article].Retrieved on July 21, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~yangwang/papers/SPOSN09-AuthorCopy.pdf
Wolfgramm, P. (2011). White Paper: Innovation in the Workplace: A multi-level approach drawn from academic research. [Online Article].Retrieved on November 30, 2012 from the World Wide Web: http://www.psych.auckland.ac.nz/webdav/site/psych/shared/about/our-people/documents/Penni%20Wolfgramm%20-%20Innovation%20in%20the%20Workplace%20-%20White%20Paper.pdf
Xerri, M.J. (2012). Workplace relationships and the innovative behaviour of nursing
employees: a social exchange perspective. [Online Article]. Retrieved on November 19, 2012 from the World Wide:http://epubs.scu.edu.au/bus_pubs/169/
Yuan, Y. (June, 2013). A Survey Study on Uses and Gratification of Social Networking Sites in China. [Online Article]. Retrieved on January 29, 2014 from the World Wide: https://www.google.com/#q=uses+and+gratification+theory+social+media&start=10
Adzharuddin, N. A., & Kander, S. K. (2018). Social Networking Sites (SNS) and Its Influence on Job Performance at the Workplace: The Review of the Literature. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(6).603-616.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode