This study investigates the causal relationship between school-based oral performance with communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. The school-based oral performance is the school-based oral evaluation (SBOE) results in the mid-term examination 2017 of 302 form four students from the Putrajaya Federal Territory government secondary schools in Malaysia. It is a cause and effect relationship between the school-based oral performance (independent variable) of the students with communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation (dependent variables). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of SBOE by determining the strength of the causal relationship between the SBOE performance with communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. This is a quantitative study which is using MANOVA analysis method. Data were collected by using FLCAS. The Students had scored high marks in the SBOE. The effect size of the causal relationship had shown the partial eta-squared value of 0.106 which is considered quite large. The mean levels of communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation were low. This study had shown the effectiveness of SBOE which had proved that it can lower down the level of communication apprehension, test anxiety and fear of negative evaluation.
Akkakoson, S. (2016). Speaking Anxiety in English Conversation Classrooms among Thai Students. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 13, 63-82.
Ali, T. T., & Wong, F. F. (2017). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety among Iraqi Students and Its Relation with Gender and Achievement. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 6(1), 305-310.
Aling, C. (2016). A Study on ESL and EFL Students' Language Anxiety in a Native Speaking Environment. Paper presented at the 4th Global Summit on Education GSE, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 14-15, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016 from
https://worldconferences.net/proceedings/gse2016/fullpaper/GE.
Al-Saraj, T. (2014). Revisiting the foreign language classroom anxiety scale (FLCAS): The anxiety of female English language learners in Saudi Arabia. L2 Journal, 6(1), 50-76.
American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Amiri, M., & Ghonsooly, B. (2015). The Relationship between English Learning Anxiety and the Students' Achievement on Examination. Language Teaching and Research, 6(4), 855-865.
Awang, Z. (2015). SEM Made Simple. Bandar Baru Bangi: MPWS Rich Publication.
Bayetto, A. (2015). Oral Language. Retrieved November 12, 2016 from
https://www.appa.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Oral-Language-article.pdf.
Bernhardt, E., & Kamil, M. L. (1995). Interpreting Relationships between L1 and L2 Reading: Consolidating the Linguistics Threshold and the Linguistic Interdependence Hypotheses. Applied Linguistics, 16, 15-34.
Cagatay, S. (2015). Examining EFL students’ foreign language speaking anxiety: The case at a Turkish state University. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 199, 648-656.
Cao, Y. (2011). Comparison of two models of foreign language classroom anxiety scale. Philippines ESL Journal, 7, 73-93.
Carrell, P. L. (1991). Second language reading: Reading Ability or Language Proficiency? Applied Linguistics, 12(2), 159-179.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., and Morrison, K. (2001). Research Methods in Education (6th Edition). London and New York: Routledge.
Condelli, L., Wrigley, H. & Yoon, K. S. (2009). "What works" for adult literacy students of English as a second language. In In S. Reder & J. Bynner (Eds.). Tracking Adult Literacy and Numeracy Skills: Findings from Longitudinal Research (pp. 132-159). New York and London: Routledge.
Chua, Y. P. (2014). Ujian Univariat dan Multivariat. Shah Alam: McGraw Hill Education.
Cresswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research (Fourth Edition). Boston: Pearson Education.
Debreli, E., & Demirkan, S. (2016). Sources and Levels of Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety of English as a Foreign Language University Students with regard to Language Proficience and Gender. International Journal of English Language Education, 4(1), 49-62.
Dorgan, Y., & Tuncer, M. . (2015). Examination of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety and Achievement in Foreign Language in Turkish University Students in Terms of Various Variable (Electronic Version). Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(5), 18-29.
Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. A. (1991). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. In In E. K. Horwitz & D. J. Young. Language Anxiety: From Theory and Research to Classroom Implications (pp. 27-39). Eaglewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. A. (1986). Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70, 125-132.
Keong, Y. C., Yassin, A. A. A., & Abdulrahman, T. T. A. (2014). Oral Communication Problems of Yemeni High School EFL Students in Malaysia. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(24), 3620-3626.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisitiion. Oxford: Pergamon.
Lily, A. & Parilah, M. S. (2015). Investigating Language Anxiety in Speaking among Form 4 Students in Malaysian Secondary School. Retrieved December 5, 2016 from h
In-Text Citation: (Azmi & Sham, 2018)
To Cite this Article: Azmi, M. N. L., & Sham, R. M. (2018). Causal Relationship between School-Based Oral Performance with Communication Apprehension, Test Anxiety and Fear of Negative Evaluation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(3), 15–34.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
