International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Effects of Guidance Group Adjustment Career Thinking Modules (ACT) Based on the Theory of Cognitive Information Processing towards the Dysfunctional Career Thinking and the Vocational Situation of Form Four Students

Open access
This experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of the Small Guidance Groups (SGG) and Large Guidance Groups (LGG) Adjustment Career Thinking Module (ACT) oriented theory of Cognitive Processing of Information among students who score in the high and middle Dysfunctional Career Thinking. The effectiveness of small group counselling and group counselling are measured in terms of reduction of the decision-making confusion, commitment anxiety, and external conflict situations increase the treatment group therapy. The study was conducted on students at two secondary schools in Hulu Selangor, Selangor. Questionnaires used contain personal information and two questionnaires, namely Career Thoughts Inventory (CTI) and My Vocational Situation (MVS). A total of 108 subjects were selected into two treatment groups and one control group. SGG treatment of the subject is 36 students were divided into three small groups (R1a = 12, R1b and R1c = 12 = 12), LGG 36 students in one large group (R2 = 36) and a control group (K1 = 36), Treatment group subjects were given eight weekly group sessions, within eight weeks. The research data were analysed using descriptive analysis, ANOVA, MANCOVA and Post Hoc-Tukey at significant level of 0.01 and 0.05. The study found that the treatment of the SGG and LGG effective in reducing the dependent variable dysfunctional career thinking and improve the vocational situation treatment group compared to the control group. SGG treatment group were found to be more effective than treatment LGG. The study also found that gender factor had no influence over the treatment. The study in general has contributed towards guidance and counselling services as it successfully generated a module in reducing dysfunctional career thinking and improve the situation of vocational students effectively.
Abdul Ghani Sulaiman (2009). The Direction of Counseling. Tanjong Malim : Sultan Idris Education University.
Amla Mohd Salleh (2010). Career Education and Human Capital Development. Bangi: Publisher University Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Arasinah Kamis (2009). Interests and career aspiration and attitude towards designing and sewing clothes among high school students .Serdang : University Putra Malaysia.
Austin, K., Dahl, D., & Wagner, B. (2003). Reducing negative career thoughts in adults. International Journal of Disability, Community & Rehabilitation, 2. Retrieved from http://www. ijdcr.ca/VOL02_02_ CAN/articles/ austin. shtml
Beck, A.T., Rush, A.J. Shaw, B.F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive Theory of depression. New York: The Guliford Press.
Seth Hayden, Kathy Ledwith, Shengli Dong & Mary Buzzetta (2012). Assessing the Career-Development Needs of Student Veterans: A Proposal for Career Interventions. The Professional Counselor. Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 129–138 http://tpcjournal.nbcc.org. doi:10.15241/sh.4.2.129
Carr, D. (2004). The effect of a workbook intervention on college students’ reframes of dysfunctional career thoughts: Technical report no. 37. Tallahassee, FL: Florida State University, The Center for the Study of Technology in Counseling and Career Development.
Chason, A. K. (2010). The relationships among negative career thoughts, profile elevation, differentiation, career decidedness, and satisfaction with choice. The Florida State University). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/902725103?accountid=4840
Creswell & Plano Clark (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dahir et al (2012) Dahir, C.& Stone, C. (2012). The transformed school counselor. 2 nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Cengage.
Dipeolu et al. (2002), Dipeolu, A., Reardon, R., Sampson J., & Burkhead, J, (2002). The relationship between dysfunctional career thoughts and adjustment to disability in college students with disability. Journal of Career Assessment, 10, 413-427.
Feller, (2003); Feller, R. W. (2003a). Alligning school counseling, the changing workplace, and career development assumptions. Professional School Counseling, 6, 262-271.
Gati dan Saka ( 2001), Gati, I., & Noa S. (2001). Internet-based versus paper-and-pencil assessments: Measuring career ndecision-making difficulties. Journal of Career Assessment, 9, 397-416.doi:10.1177/106907270100900406
Gati, Krausz, dan Opisow, (1996); Gati, I., Krausz, M., & Osipow, S.H. (1996). A taxonomy of difficulties in career decision making. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 510-526.
Gribbons dan Herman (1997) Gribbons, Barry & Herman, Joan (1997). True and Quassi-Experimental Designs. Practical Assessment,Research & Evaluation, 5(14).http//ericae.net/pare/getvn.asp?v=5&n=1, L.G. (1993). Statiscal Applications for Behavioral Sciences. New york: John Wiley & Sons.Inc.
Katie Meyer-Griffith; Robert C Reardon; Sarah Lucas Hartley (2009). An Examination of the Relationship Between Career Thoughts and Communication Apprehension. The Career Development Quarterly; Dec 2009; 58, 2; Academic Research Library pg. 171.
Hartley, S. L. (2010). Career indecision, negative career thoughts, and vocational interest structure of first-generation and other college students. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. The Sciences and Engineering, 70(12-B), 7872.
Henderson (2009) The Effects Of A Cognitive Information Processing Career Intervention On The Dysfunctional Career Thoughts, Locus Of Control, And Career Decision Self-Efficacy Of Underprepared College Students. Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3389831)
Horne (2010), Horne, H. (2010). The relationship among career anchors, negative career thoughts, vocational identity, and hope in freelance production crew for film and television. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05202010170519/unrestricted/Horne _H_ Dissertation_2010.pdf
Jasmi Abu Talib (2010). Potential career community X-plorasi Module increase self-efficacy, career maturity, and ability to college career planning competencies. Seminar Graduate Research UKM. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Keim, J., Strauser, D.R., & Ketz, K. (2002). Examining the differences in career thoughts of women in three low socio economics status groups. Journal Employment Counseling, 39,31-43.
Kerlinger (1979) Kerlinger, F.N. 1979. Foundations of behavioral research. Ed.2. New York: Holt Rinehart & Winston.
Kilk, K. L. (1998). The relationship between dysfunctional career thoughts and choosing an academic major. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 58(8), 3038A
Kinnear , R.T. & Krumboltz, J.D. (1986). Prosedures for successful career counseling. In N. Gybers (Ed.), Designing careers (pp. 307-335). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Lewis, R.A. & Gilhousen, M.R. (1981). Myths of career development : A cognitive approach to vocational counseling. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 59, 296-299.
Marano (2005); Marano, M.M. (2005). How students choose a major. The effect of a college major decision making course on a student anxiety. Dissertation Abstracts International, 66 (11-A), (UMI No, 3195549).
Melati Sumari, Ida Hartina Ahmad Tharbe, Nor Faezah Md Khalid dan Norsafatul Azlina Abd Razak (2015). Career Counseling. Theory and Practise. Publisher Universiti Malaya : Kuala Lumpur
Niles S.G.,& Bowlsbey, J.H. (2013) Career Development Interventions in the 21st century. 4th edition. New Jersey: Pearson.
Mohd Ali (2010). Mohd Ali Bin Jaamat (2010) Applying theory of Erickson, Piaget and Super in Construction of Awareness Module for Lower Secondary School Students in Malaysia. Serdang: University Putra Malaysia.
Mohamad Hashim (2003Mohamad Hashim Othman. (2003). Effect of the intervention group on career awareness locus of control and self - concept among students in secondary schools. Doctorate Thesis. University Sains Malaysia
Mohd Khairul (2003) Mohd Khairul Ismail (2003). The needs of career counseling services to students in grade five in career selections. A case study in Rompin Pahang: University Teknologi Malaysia
National Commission on the High School Senior Year,(2001); National Commission on the High School Senior Year. (2001a0. The lost oppurtunity of senior year. Finding a better way – summary of findings. Retrieved April 20, 2013, from http://www.woodrow.org/Commission On The Senior Year/
Rohany (2014) Rohani Nasir (2014). Kaunseling Kerjaya. Ankajan daripada Konvensionalisme. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia: Bangi.
Osborn et al. (2007), Osborn, D.S., Howard, D.K., &Leierer, S. J. (2007). The effect of a career development course on the dysfunctional career thoughts of racially and ethnically diverse college freshmen. The Career Development Quarterly,55, 365-377.
Osborn, Howard, dan Leierer (2007) Osborn, D.S., Howard, D.K., &Leierer, S. J. (2007). The effect of a career development course on the dysfunctional career thoughts of racially and ethnically diverse college freshmen. The Career Development Quarterly,55, 365-377.
Preliminary Report Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025, Planning and Research Division Ministry of Education Basic Education.
Peterson, G. W., Sampson, J. P., Jr., Reardon, R. C. (1996). Career Development and Services Cognitive Approach. California : Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.
Reed, C., Reardon, R., Lenz, J., &Leierer, S. (2001). A cognitive career course: From theory to practice. The Career Development Quarterly, 50, 158-167
Rodriguez (2012).Social Support and Career Thoughts in College Athletes and Non-Athletes. The Professional Counselor: Research and Practice \ Vol 2, Issue 1
Rohana binti Abdul Rahim (2010). Career interests, career decision self-efficacy, the Employability skills and career choices of students of vocational agriculture in peninsula Malaysia. Serdang; University Putra Malaysia
Sampson, J. P., Jr., Peterson, G. W., Lenz, J. G., Reardon, R. C., & Saunders, D. E. (1996). Career Thoughts Inventory: Professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc
Sampson, J. P., Jr., Reardon, R. C., Peterson, G. W., & Lenz, J. G. (2004). Career counseling and services: A cognitive information processing approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Smith (2011), Family and Role Model Influence on Black Young Adults' Dysfunctional Career Thoughts. (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3492435)
Strohm, D. A. (2008).The impact of a cognitive information processing intervention on dysfunctional career thoughts and vocational identity in high school students (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3341538)
Steinberg, A., & Allen, L. (2002). From large to small: Strategies for persoanlizing the high school. Boston: jobs for the Future.
Tuckman, Bruce W. (1974). An Age-Graded Model for Career Development education. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 4, No. 2, 193-212.
Ward (2014). Ward, R.L. (2014) The Impact of First Year Seminar Courses Career Development Component On The Career Decision Making Process Of Undecided College. Dissertation Abstracts International.
Werrner, K.B. (2003). The Impact of a career intervention in a learning community on the career thoughts and career decision self-efficacy of undeclared or undecided first -year university students. UMI 3090389.
Yowell E.B., Lenvell K.A., Rushing Amy Me Connell, R.A , Rushing AD, Andrew L.M., Campbell M., Osborne LK (2014) Career Decision-Making Intervention With Unemployed Adults: When Good Intentions Are Not Effective. Journal of Employment Counseling. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2014.00038.x
Yowell, E,B., A.Chason. J. Sampson et. al. (2013). Relationship among career thoughts, career interests and career decision state. The Canadian Journal of Career Development Volume 12, Number 1.
Yowell, E.B., Katz, S. P., Reardon, R. C., & Peterson, G. W. (2012). The roles of negative career thinking and career problem-solving self-efficacy in career exploratory behavior. The Professional Counselor, 2, 102-114
Ibrahim, N. L. M., & Arip, M. A. S. M. (2017). Effects of Guidance Group Adjustment Career Thinking Modules (ACT) Based on the Theory of Cognitive Information Processing towards the Dysfunctional Career Thinking and the Vocational Situation of Form Four Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(11), 1-14.