In the military context, the need for quality human capital, efficient and effective leaders is vital. The development of human capital in the Islamic military organization requires mentally and physically fitness. Muslim personnel in military not only responsible to defense of national sovereignty, but also have a role as a missionary of Islam. This role requires the competency, and the strength of physical and spiritual to ensure the organizational goals, cannot misled by enemy tactics, and the temptations of lust. This will develop and produce quality military leaders and able to frighten the nemeses of Allah SWT. In order to produce quality, efficient and effective leaders, the leadership development programs have been designed and implemented by the training command of the Malaysian Armed Forces. However, the overall leadership development models referenced are more toward Western perspective. Although there were some Islamic scholars who discuss these things, but mostly they were express their views without developing a conceptual framework to measured its effectiveness. Thus, this paper will focus on what are the key elements supposed to be in the formation of the military leadership development model based on Quran and Sunnah. This is to produce a conceptual framework that makes the Quran and Sunnah as the guidelines which are mostly dominated by leadership models based on the Western thought.
Al-Quran.
Adanan, M. J., and Mohd Azhar, A.H. (2008). Modal insan dan intelek dalam pembelajaran dewasa, in: S.S. Azmi, A.H. Mohd. Azhar (Eds.), Dinamika Pembelajaran Dewasa Dalam Perspektif Islam. Skudai: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 20-44.
Azman, I., Noor Azmi, M.Z., Nor Asiah, O., and Rohani, Y. (2015). Mengurus keselamatan Malaysia: Peranan program pembangunan kepimpinan dalam meningkatkan prestasi kerja pemimpin tentera. Geografia - Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, vol. 11, 3, pp. 111-122.
Azman, I., and Nurul Inani, I. (2010). Motivasi latihan sebagai pembolehubah penghubung antara program latihan dan keberkesanan latihan. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, vol. 16, pp. 83-98.
Azman, M.Z. (2012). Factors affecting the effectiveness of training transfer in the parachute infantry battalion. Master Project Report (Unpubished). University of Malaya.
Azman, C.O. (2013). Pengenalan Pengurusan Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Balkisnah, S., and Norhasni, Z.A. (2009). Tinjauan faktor-faktor pendorong dan penghalang pemindahan latihan. Sosiohumanika, vol. 2, 1, pp. 107–123.
Black, A.M., and Earnest, G.W. (2009). Measuring the outcomes of leadership development programs. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, vol. 16, 2, pp. 184 – 196.
Blanchard, P.N., and Thacker J.W. (2003). Effective training: System, strategies and practices (2nd Ed.). Boston: Pearson Education International.
Colquitt, J.A., LePine, J.A., and Noe, R.A. (2000). Toward an integrative theory of training motivation: A meta-analytic path analysis of 20 years of research. Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 85, 5, pp. 678-707.
Hasan A. M., Ab. Mumin A.G., and Siti Arni, B. (2013). Sistem pengurusan Islam yang berkualiti mampu menjamin kepuasan pekerja: Suatu realiti dan cabaran masa hadapan. Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, vol. 3, 1, pp. 67-84.
Hatfield, J., Steele, J.P., Riley, R., Glaze, H.K., and Fallesen, J. J. (2011). 2010 Center for Army Leadership Annual Survey of Army Leadership (CASAL): Army Education. Technical Report 2011-2. Fort Leavenworth: The Center for Army Leadership.
Ishak, M.R. (1994). Nilai-nilai Islam dalam kepimpinan dan pentadbiran, in: Y. Baharudin, N. Sulaiman (Eds.), Islam, Al-Quran dan Ideologi Masa Kini. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, pp.243-254.
Jaafar, M. (2010). Kelakuan organisasi. Petaling Jaya: Leeds Publications.
Knowles, M. (1984). Andragogy in action. San Francisco: Jessey-Bass Publishers.
Ma’mur Daud. (2009). Terjemahan hadis Shahih Muslim. Singapura: Darul Fajar Publishing House.
Munna, D. N. A. A., and Suring, J. C. (2010, Disember). The relationship between motivation to transfer, training design, transfer climate and transfer of training. Prosiding 2010 International Conference on E-business, Management and Economics, Hong Kong.
Nikandrou, I., Brinia, V., and Bereri, E. (2009). Trainee perceptions of training transfer: An empirical analysis. Journal of European Industrial Training, vol. 33, 3, pp. 255-270.
Noor Azmi, M.Z., and Azman, I. (2013). Rekabentuk program pembangunan kepimpinan sebagai peramal kepada pemindahan latihan. 4th Social Development & Environmental Studies International, 19 March 2013, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Noor Azmi, M.Z., Safar, Y., and Jessica O.H.L. (2015). Training program and job performance: The role of training motivation. The 7th International Conference on Humanities and and Social Sciences (ICHiSS 2015), BP Samila Beach Hotel and Resort, Thailand. 5-6 June 2015, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkhla University, Thailand.
Nor ‘Azzah, K. (2006). Pengurusan sumber manusia menurut perspektif Islam: Falsafah dan etika pelaksanaan, in: A.G. Ab. Mumin, M. Fadillah (Eds.), Dimensi Pengurusan Islam: Mengurus Kerja dan Mengurus Modal Insan, Penerbit Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 2006, pp. 83-102.
Paul T.B., Jarle E., Bjorn H.J., Jon C.L., and Scott A.S. (2009). Big five personality factors, hardiness, and social judgment as predictors of leader performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 30, 6, pp. 498-521.
al-Qudsy, S.H. (2008). Budaya kerja cemerlang menurut perspektif Islam: Amalan perkhidmatan awam Malaysia. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu, vol. 19, pp. 187-207.
Tengku Sarina, T.K., and Fadillah, M. (2007). Keperluan motivasi dalam pengurusan kerja berkualiti dari perspektif pemikiran Islam. Jurnal Usuluddin, vol. 25, pp. 103-124.
The Quran: English Meaning. (2004). Jeddah: Abul-Qasim Publishing House.
Vroom, V.H. (1973). A new look at managerial decision making. Organizational dynamics, vol. 1, 4, pp. 66-80.
Wahab, M.A.A. (2011). Tentera Darat Malaysia: Menuju reda Ilahi. Kuala Lumpur: Markas Tentera Darat, Cawangan Perisikan.
Yamnill, S., and McLean, G.N. (2001). Theories supporting training transfer. Human Resources Development Quarterly, vol. 12, pp. 195-208.
Zainol, N. A. M., Ridzuan, A. A., Salleh, D. M., & Abidin, Z. Z. (2017). Development of Military Leadership Model Based On Al-Quran and Sunnah. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(8), 466-473.
Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
