A Comparative Analysis of Bay‘ah during the Time of the Prophet S.A.W

Bay‘ah occurred during the time of the Prophet S.A.W. in various conditions and situations. Each bai‘ah had its own background; hence, each one, upon some pondering, surely has prudent intentions and wisdom. Among the famous treaties are Hilf al-Fudul, Treaty of ‘Aqabah 1 and 2, Treaty of Madinah and Treaty of Hudaibiyyah. Hence, a comparative study of each treaty should be initiated. The objective of this study was to compare the treaties held during the time of the Prophet S.A.W. by focusing on the similarities and differences. Generally, this study used the library research method while basing it on a comparative, inductive and deductive analysis. The findings showed that each treaty had a different background based on the maturity of the preaching, the strength of the ummah’s solidarity and the investigative strategies of the al-dakwah. Similarly, the agreement in each treaty had a specific weighing mechanism based on different circumstances and situations. The implications according to the study are that bay‘ah in Islam proves that Islam is open and capable of facing various situations and the intricacies of siyasah (the application of the Quran and Sunnah in the world), which would then be benefited in the context of a borderless world.