In the pluralistic society of Malaysia, the Sikh community are categorised as an ethnic minority. They are considered as a community that share the same religion, culture and language. Despite of these similarities, they have differences in terms of their obedience to the Sikh practices. The differences could be recognized based on their division into two distintive groups namely Khalsa and non-Khalsa. The Khalsa is distinguished by baptism ceremony called as amrit sanskar, a ceremony that makes the Khalsa members bound to the strict codes of five karkas (5K), adherence to four religious prohibitions and other Sikh practices. On the other hand, the non-Khalsa individuals have flexibility to comply with these regulations, although the Sikhism requires them to undergo the amrit sanskar ceremony and become a member of Khalsa. However the existence of these two groups does not prevent them from working and living together in their religious and social spheres. This article aims to reveal the conditions of the Sikh community as a minority living in the pluralistic society in Malaysia. The method used is document analysis and interviews for collecting data needed.
Zain, A. D. Md. (2001). Lambang-lambang Agama Sikh di Kelantan: Suatu Kajian Kritis Menurut Ajaran Islam, Unpublished Master thesis, Bahagian Pengajian Usuluddin, Akademik Pengajian Islam, University of Malaya.
Archer. (1971). The Sikhs, New York: Russell and Russell.
Avtar S. D. ( 2001). Needs of Sikhs Community, Understanding Sikhism, The Research Journal, Quebec: Institute for Understanding Sikhism, 3 (2): 36-38.
Azharudin, M. D. (2002). Gerakan Politik di Tanah Melayu Pada Era Perang Dunia I Dengan Tumpuan Kepada Masyarakat Sikh. The Sikh Community Seminar in Malaysia, ATMA, National University of Malaysia, 21 Januari.
Azrul, A. S. (2012). Misteri Etnik Melayu, ed: Sabri Said. Kumpulan Berita Harian, Kuala Lumpur : Art Printing Works Sdn. Bhd.
Bailey, J. (1992). Gods and Men Myths and Legends from the World's Religions, Oxford University Press.
Banerjee, I. (1962). Evolution of the Khalsa, Vol. 2, Calcutta: A. Mukharjee & C.O. Private. Ltd.
Banerjee, A. C. (1983). The Sikh Gurus and the Sikh Religion, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Buck, Major CH. (1917). Faiths, Fairs and Festivals of India, Calcutta: Thacker Spink & Co.
Charanjit K. (2002). Teks Sikh Rehat Maryada : Satu Kajian Mengenai Kod Tingkah Laku Penganut Agama Sikh. Academic Dissertation. National University of Malaysia,
Daljeet S. (1992). The Sikh Identity. Fundamental Issues in Sikh Studies, Chandigarh: Institute of Sikh Studies.
Darshan S. G. (2009). Sikh Community in Malaysia. Petaling Jaya: MPH Group Publishing Sdn.Bhd.
Devinder S. C. (2008). Controversy Over Sehjdhari is Sikh Sikh But Who? Understanding Sikhism, The Research Journal, Canada: Institute For Understanding Sikhism.
Dhavan, P. (2010). Tracing Gender in the Texts and Practices of the Early Khalsa. Seizing Jakobsh, Doris R.(ed), Sikhism and Women, 60-82, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Field, D. (1976). The Religion of the Sikhs, Delhi: Ess Ess Publications.
Gopal, S. (1971). The Religion of The Sikh, India: Asia Publishing House.
Griffin, L. (1901). The Sikhism and Sikh. The North American Review, University of Northern Iowa 172 (531): 291-305
Hari R. G. (1996). Guru Gobind Singh's Creation of the Khalsa in 1699. Editor: Kuldeep Singh in respectives on the Sikh Tradition, Amritsar: Singh Brothers, Bazar Mai Sewan, 183-216.
Harpreet K. (2011). Reconstructing the Sikh Diaspora. International Migration. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.50 (1): 129-142.
Jasbir S. B. (2010). Who Are The Sikhs ?. Belgium: The Sikh University Press.
Jain. S.C. (1985). A Panorama of Sikh Religion & Philosophy, Delhi: Publications Bahubali.
Khoo K. K. (2002). Kaum Sikh di Malaysia Dari Perspektif Sejarah. Seminar Komuniti Sikh di Malaysia, ATMA, National University of Malaysia, 21 Januari.
Loehlin, C. H. (1964). The Sikhs and Their Scriptures, India: The Lucknow Publishing House.
Madkur, I. (1980). al-Mu'jam al-Wasit, Cet. 3, Qaherah: Dar al-Maarif.
Mahayudin Y. (1989). Ensiklopedia Sejarah Islam, Bangi: UKM, Volume V.
Manickam, J. R. (2009). The Malaysian Indian Dilemma, Klang: Nationwide Human Development and Research Centre.
Mathew, T. K. (2008). Significance of Sacraments of Initiation. Faculty of Theology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Mewa S. (2005). Who is a Sikh? Abstracts of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh: Institute of Sikh Studies 7 (1): 69-73.
Nikky-Sarinder K. S. (2005). The Birth of the Khalsa. Washington Avenue: State University of New York Press.
Opinderjit K. T. (2005). Sikh Identity: An Exploration of Groups among Sikhs, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
Pashaura S. (2010). Revisiting the "Evolution of the Sikh Community". Journal of Punjab Studies, Santa Barbara: Centre for Punjab and Sikh Studies.17 (1-2): 45-60.
Pritam S. G. (1975). Heritage of Sikh Culture, Jullundur City, India: New Academic Publishing Co.
Sarjit S. G. (2002). Pembentukan Wacana Mengenai Komuniti Sikh di Malaysia : Antara Analisis Popular dan Ilmiah, ATMA, UKM, January 21.
Sarjit, S. G. (2005). Peranan Gurdwara Dalam Pembentukan Identiti Sikh: Kajian Perbandingan. Unpublished Ph.D Thesis, National University of Malaysia.
Sarjit S. G. (2007). Penyertaan Peranakan Punjabi Dalam program Pembangunan Komuniti: Kajian Etnografi di Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Borneo Research Journal, Jabatan Pengajian Asia Tenggara, UM 1:173-187
Sarjit, S. G. (2008). Peranan Gurdwara Dalam Pembentukan Identiti Sikh di Malaysia :Antara Ideal dan Praktis. Akademika, Bangi : Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 73 : 27-50.
Satwant K. R. (2005). Sikh Women in the UK. London: Trentham Books Limited.
Seth, R. (2005). Darbar-E-Khalsa, Abstracts of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh: Institute of Sikh Studies 7 (4): 79-83.
Sewa S. K. (2005). Sikhism. USA: Chelsea House Publishers.
Sherratt, B. W. & Hawkins, D. J. (1972). Gods and Men A Survey of World Religions, London: Blackie & Son Limited.
Singha, H. S. (2005). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers (P) Ltd.
Wan, R. W. M. (2010). Malaysian Customs and Traditions. Kuala Lumpur: National Department for Culture and Arts, Ministry of Information, Communication and Culture of Malaysia.
Department of Statistics Malaysia, Official Portal. Online. www.statistics.gov.my Retrieved on 10th November 2016.
Zain, A. D. M., Jaffary, A., Embong, R., Omar, S. M. H. S., & Ali, S. (2017). The Khalsa and the Non-Khalsa within the Sikh Community in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(8), 180-189.
Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode