Freedom of expression is a right that belongs to every individual in expressing their views. In Islam, every Muslim was given the freedom and rights to defend their rights. Most of the Muslim community considers demonstration is one of the methods of free speech. The question is whether the street demonstrations is a way of expression in line with the guidelines of freedom of expression in Islam? Therefore, this study attempts to examine the extent to which freedom of expression is the cause of street demonstrations. In order to achieve a satisfying results these two objectives were set. First, identifying the concept of freedom of expression from the perspective of Islam. Second, to analyze the relationship between street demonstrations with freedom of expression from the perspective of Islam. The literature review is analyzed using content analysis based on the data collected. Finally, these preliminary findings found Islam allows freedom of expression as long as it does not violate the Islamic laws. Initial results also showed that there are several ways to speak up or to express oneself. One way is to do a demonstration. However, the demonstration is the last step of the speech and demonstrations must be done safely.
Abu Bakar, B. (2007). Kaedah Analisis Data Penyelidikan Ilmiah. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd.
Abu Urwah. (2005). Gerakan Islam dan Hak Asasi Manusia: Satu Pemikiran Awal. Risalah Agung Amanah Generasi Penyambung. Kuala Lumpur: Pertubuhan Jamaah Islah Malaysia (JIM). Hal 99-107.
Ahmad Saeed, R. (2013). Quranic Concept of Freedom of Expression A descriptive Study in Modern Socio-Political Perspective. Al-Qalam. June 2013. 70-88.
Al-‘Uthaimin, S. U. (2004). Syarah Kitab Siasah Syar’iyyah li Syeikhul Islam Ibn Taimiyyah. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
al-Badawi, Y. A. M. (2000). Maqasid al-Syari‘ah ‘inda Ibn Taymiyyah. Jordan: Dar al-Nafa’is.
Al-Damsyiqi, I. K. (2006). Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah. Juzuk 2.
Al-Eili, A. H. H. (1983). Al-Hurrayat Al-Ammah. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr Al-Arabi.
Al-Maududi, A. A. M. (1995). Human Rights In Islam. Lahore: Islamic Publications Ltd.
Al-Munjid. S. (1988). Masyarakat Islam Di Bawah Naungan Keadilan. (Terj. Che Yusuf Che Mamat). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Pustaka Fajar.
Al-Nabhani, T. (1996). The Islamic State. Walnut, CA: Islamic Cultural Workshop.
Al-Sa’di, S. A. R. N. (2006). Tafsir al-Karim al-Rahman fi Tafsir Kalam al-Mannan. Riyadh: Dar al-Ashimah.
Al-Tirmidhi, M. I. (1998). Sunan Tirmidzi. Mesir: Beirut: Dar al-Arab Al-Islami.
Al-Umar, S. H. (2007). Demonstrasi, Solusi Atau Polusi?.Disalin dari majalah Adz-Dzkhiirah Al-Islamiyyah, 5(5). Surabaya: Ma’had Ali Al-Irsyad As-Salafy. Jl.Sidotopo Kidul No. 51 Surabaya].
Anello, G. & Qatam, K. (2013). Re-Emerging Equality-Traditions of Justice in the Cultural Roots of the Egyptian Revolution. Palermo: Diritto & Questioni Pubbliche 13. Hal. 367.
Ay, J. (2015). Freedom of Expression from the Islamic Perspective. Martin de Tours School of Management and Economics, Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand. Jallow, J Mass Communicat Journalism, 5(10).
Baderin, M. A.(2001). A Macroscopic Analysis of The Practice of Muslim State Parties to International Human Rights Treaties: Conflict of Congruence. Journal Human Rights Law Revew, 1(2).
Bhat, A. M. (2014). Freedom of Expression From Islamic Perspective. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, 6(5): 69-77.
Dono, D. (2010). Aksi Demonstrasi Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Tesis Sarjana yang diserahkan kepada Fakultas Syari’ah, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga, Yogjakarta.
Haekal, M. H. (2007). Usman bin Affan: Antara Kekhalifahan dengan Kerajaan. Bagor: Pustaka Litera AntarNusa.
Imam Munawwir. (1985). Mengapa Umat Islam Dilanda Perpecahan. Singapura: Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Iqbal, A. (2000). Diplomasi Islam. (Trans. Samson Rahman). Jakarta: Pustaka al-Kautsar.
Ismail, B. A. (1996). Syura fi al-Quran wa al-Sunnah Dirasat Maudu’iyyah wa Tahliliyyah. Amman: Dar al-Bashir.
Jaharudin, M. H. (2014). Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-13: Perubahan Budaya Politik Malaysia Dan Krisis Legitimasi Moral Barisan Nasional. Kajian Malaysia, 32(2): 149–169.
Jarishah, A. (1990). Hurumat La Huquq. (Trans. Mohd. Marzuqi Shafie). Kehormatan Hak-hak Manusia Menurut Islam (Suatu Kajian Perbandingan). Selangor: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Kamali, M. H. (1997). Freedom of Expression in Islam. London: Islamic Text Society.
Kamali, M. H. (2004). Journal of the cile Cile journal spring 2004. International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS), Malaysia.
Kamaludin, M. (2002). Siasah Syar’iyyah Usuliha Majalatiha lil’allamah Muhammad al-Banna. Selangor: Dar al-Hidayah.
Krippendorff, K. (2013). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. California: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Lee, H. G. (2008). Malaysia in 2007: Abdullah Administration Under Siege. Southeast Asian Affairs. Singapura: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Madani, A. H. (2011). Freedom and its Concept in Islam. Journal International Conference on Humanities Historical and Social Sciences. Vol. 17.
Mohd Ali, M. A. (2013). Penentu Corak Perilaku di Kalangan Pengundi Melayu : Kajian di Kawasan Parlimen Campuran di Semenanjung Malaysia. PhD thesis, University of Malaya.
Mohd Sani, M. A. (2002). Hak Kebebasan Mengeluarkan Pendapat Dari Perspektif' Undang-Undang Malaysia. Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial, 4(5): 185-221.
Mohd Yunus, A. R. (2002). Beberapa Perbezaan Antara Demokrasi dan Kepimpinan Islam. ‘Ulum Islamiyyah, 1(1).
Mustaffa, J., Hamzah, M. H. & Ngah, K. (2013). Demonstrasi jalanan: Kajian kes Perhimpunan Gabungan Pilihan Raya dan Adil (BERSIH) di Malaysia. 2nd International Conference on Elections & Democracy 2013, presented 6-7 November 2013, Fakulti Sains Sosial, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.
Rahim, A. S. (2010). Media, Demokrasi Dan Generasi Muda: Analisis Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Ke-12. Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal Of Communication, Jilid 26(2): 1-15.
Rahmat, J. (1992). Islam Aktual Refleksi Sosial Seorang Cendekiawan Muslim. Bandung: Mizan. Hal 63.
Riyanto, Y. (1996). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan Tinjauan Dasar. Surabaya: SIC.
Sabiq, S. (1980). Sumber Kekuatan Islam. Surabaya: Pt Bina Ilmu.
Sanawi, J. B. (2014). Ideologies Underlying The Use Of Photographs In Newspaper Coverage Of Bersih 3.0 Rally: A Social Semiotic Analysis. Journal of Communication, 30(2) : 41-60.
Smeltzer & Pare. (2015). Challenging Electoral Authoritarianism In Malaysia: the embodied politics of the Bersih Movement. Journal For And About Social Movements, 7(2): 120 – 144.
Struning, F. (2013). Discussion Paper. Freedom Of Speech Is A Human Right How Islamic Organizations Are Threatening Our Basic Rights.
Yaacob, A. M. (1986). Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Islam. Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Said, N. A., & Khairuldin, W. M. K. F. W. (2017). Freedom of Speech in Islam and its Connection with Street Demonstrations. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(4), 110-116.
Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
