The oil palm industry in Malaysia plays an important role in the growth of the agricultural sector in this country through its contribution to the Gross Domestic product (GDP), foreign exchange, and employment. Oil palm demands are continual increasing as it can produce high yield and low production cost. The present study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the implementation of Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) among the independent smallholders in Malaysia. The result observed several socio-economic factors that can lead to the implementation practices such as smallholder's age, perceived benefits of MSPO, smallholder's education level, Cost of MSPO, knowledge towards MSPO and government support of MSPO. Empirical data shows that there is a need to introduce policies that will guide palm oil smallholders towards sustainable production in order to sustain our oil palm industries in the global market. This study reveals the factors influencing the implementation of Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) among the independent smallholders in Malaysia.
Ador, S. F., Shafiai, M. H., & Ismail, M. A. (2014). Islamic Micro Financing For Sustainable Oil Palm Farming: Case Of Independent Smallholders. 9th PERKIM’s Proceeding, 1-13. Retrieved from http://www.ukm.my/fep/perkem/pdf/perkem2014/PERKEM_2014_1A1.pdf
Aikanathan, S., Chenayah, S., & Sasekumar, A. (2011). Sustainable Agriculture: A Case Study On The Palm Oil Industry. Malaysia Journal Of Science, 30(1), 66-75.
Basiron, Y. (2007). Palm Oil Production Through Sustainable Plantations. European Journal Of Lipid Science And Technology, 109(4), 289-295. Doi:10.1002/ejlt.200600223
Basiron, Y., & Weng, C. K. (2004). The Oil Palm And Its Sustainability. Journal Of Oil Palm Research, 16(1), 1-10.
Connolly, J., & Prothero, A. (2003). Sustainable Consumption: Consumption, Consumers And The Commodity Discourse. Consumption Market & Culture, 6(4), 275-291. Doi:10.1080/1025386032000168311
D’Antone, S., & Spencer, R. (2014). Concerns And Marketization: The Case Of Sustainable Palm Oil. Concerned Markets: Economic Ordering For Multiple Values. London: E. Elgar, 72-101. Doi:10.4337/9781782549758.00011
Fitzherbert, E. B., Struebig, M. J., Morel, A., Danielson, F., Bruhl, C. A., Donald, P. F., & Phalan, B. (2008). How Will Oil Palm Expansion Affect Biodiversity? Trends In Ecology And Evolution, 23(10), 538-545. Doi:10.1016/j.tree.2008.06.012
Khan, M. S., Zaidi, A., & Wani, P. A. (2009). Role Of Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms In Sustainable Agriculture – A Review. Sustainable Agriculture, 27(29), 551-570. Doi:10.1051/agro:2006011
Law, K. N., Daud, W. R.W., & Ghazali, A. (2007). Morphological And Chemical Nature Of Fiber Strands Of Oil Palm Empty-Fruit-Bunch (OPEFB). Bioresources, 2(3), 351-362.
Malaysia Department Of Statistic. (2013). Selected Agriculture Indicator. Retrieved From Https://Www.Statistics.Gov.My/Index.Php?R=Column/Cthemebycat&Cat=72&Bul_Id=Bnr4zfjnbxvoqmt6tdhnnmh3m0y5dz09&Menu_Id=Z0VTZGU1UHBUT1VJMFlpaXRRR0xpdz09
Malaysia Palm Oil Board (2014) Premier Government Agency. Retrieved From Http://Www.Mpob.Gov.My/En/About-Us/About
Malaysia Palm Oil Council (2009). MPOC Malaysian Palm Oil Industry. Retrieved From Http://Www.Mpoc.Org.My/Malaysian_Palm_Oil_Industry.Aspx
Ng, W. P. Q., Lam, H.L., Ng, F. Y. Kamal, M., & Lim, J. H. E. (2012). Waste-To-Wealth: Green Potential From Palm Biomass In Malaysia. Journal Of Cleaner Production, 34, 57-65. Doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.04.004
Phosri, C., Rodriguez, A., Sanders, I. R., & Jeffries, P. (2010). The Role Of Mycorrhizas In More Sustainable Oil Palm Cultivation. Agriculture, Ecosystems And Environment, 135(3), 187-193. Doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2009.09.006
Rist, L., Feintrenie, L. & Levang, P. (2010). The Livelihood Impact Of Oil Palm: Smallholders In Indonesia. Biodiversity And Conservation, 19(4), 1009-1024. Doi: 10.1007/s10531-010-9815-z
Schouten, G., & Glasbergen, P. (2011). Creating Legitimacy In Global Private Governance: The Case Of The Roundtable On Sustainable Palm Oil. Ecological Economics, 70(11), 1191-1899. Doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.03.012
Singh, G., Huan, L. K., Leng, T., & Weng, C. K. (2009). Sustainable Production Of Palm Oil: A Malaysian Perspective. Persatuan Minyak Sawit Malaysia.
Sumathi, S., Chai, S.P. & Mohamad, A. R. (2008). Utilization Of Oil Palm As A Source Of Renewable Energy In Malaysia. Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, 1(9), 2404-2421. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2007.06.006
Tan, K. T., Lee, K.T., Mohamed, A. R., & Bhatia, S. (2009). Palm Oil: Addressing Issues And Towards Sustainable Development. Renewable And Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(2), 420-427. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2007.10.001
The Oil Palm (2016). Small Farmers. Retrieved From http://Theoilpalm.Org/About/
The World Bank (2016). Employment In Agriculture. International Labour Organization, Key Indicators Of The Labour Market Database. Retrieved From Http://Data.Worldbank.Org/Indicator/SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS?Locations=MY
Verheye, W. (2010). Growth and Production of Oil Palm. In: Verheye, W. (ed.), Land Use, Land Cover and Soil Science. Encyclopedia of Life Support System (EOLSS), UNESCO-EOLSS Publisher, Oxford, UK. Retrieved from https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1009126/file/6718220.pdf
Wilcove, D. S., & Koh, L. P. (2010). Addressing The Threats To Biodiversity From Oil Palm Agriculture. Biodiversity And Conservation, 19(4), 999-1007. Doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9760-x
Ni, L. X., Ali, F., & Zainudin, Z. H. (2016). Factors Influencing the Implementation of Malaysia Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Among Oil Palm Smallholders in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(12), 256-267.
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode