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Beyond Technology Acceptance in Islamic Banking: A Systematic Literature Review of Digital Utility, Security, and Financial Literacy

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Fifteen years of digital innovation have washed through Islamic banking, yet the research conversation still turns on whether customers intend to adopt a service, not on what they become once they have. We synthesise the evidence on three constructs that acceptance work tends to pool: digital utility, security, and financial literacy in Shariah-compliant digital banking. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 protocol: 171 records were identified through database searching, citation chaining, and a targeted historical supplement, and 164 peer-reviewed studies published between 2011 and 2025 passed inclusion. Analysis ran in two layers, a keyword map of the whole corpus and a full-text thematic synthesis of the fifty most relevant studies. The layers converge on an asymmetry that acceptance models miss. Security behaves as a hygiene-type condition, building institution-based trust while educating nobody; platform utility works developmentally, its repeated use accumulating into financial literacy. We formalise the two routes as the Asymmetric Digital Engagement Framework, join institution-based trust theory with social cognitive theory, and convert the asymmetry into testable hypotheses for Shariah-compliant markets. Banks and regulators should treat security assurance and capability-building design as separate instruments rather than substitutes.
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