International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Interpersonal Communication skill Barrier Faced by Cardiology Doctors at National Heart Centre Malaysia

Open access
Issues concerning on the health care especially the relationship between doctors and patients have been discussed broadly. Most of the researches concerning the health care were based on the behaviour and patients’ perception on the service provided in the health care services. The main objective of this paper is to focus on the barrier faced by the doctors in using interpersonal communication skills (IPC) during interacting with their patients. This study uses qualitative methods and a phenomenological approach was adopted in this research. A total of 15 cardiology doctors were interviewed. An in-depth interview and observation were used to study the interpersonal communication skills used by doctors in National Heart Institute Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Researchers then transcribed the data verbatim and analysed it using ATLAS.ti7 software in order to allow us to code the key themes, sub-themes and inter-relationships. Results of the study show that the main IPC barriers are time and language which interrelated with the consulting session of cardiology doctors with their patients. Based on the results gained, it is recommended that doctor can be given training and skills in managing time during the counselling session with their patients and the severe time limitation that doctors work under. Through the training on time management during the consulting session, doctors may more effectively and efficiently used their IPC with patients.
Ajjawi, R., & Higgs, J. (2007). Using Hermeneutic Phenomenology to Investigate How Experienced Practitioners Learn to Communicate Clinical Reasoning. The qualitative report, 12(4), 612-638.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological review, 84(2), 191.
Bandura, A. (1999). Social cognitive theory of personality. Handbook of personality, 2, 154-196. Bandura, A. (2002). Social cognitive theory in cultural context. Applied Psychology, 51(2), 269-
290.
Bernstein, S. L., Aronsky, D., Duseja, R., Epstein, S., Handel, D., Hwang, U, & Schafermeyer, R. (2009). The effect of emergency department crowding on clinically oriented outcomes. Academic Emergency Medicine, 16(1), 1-10.
Bischoff, A., Perneger, T. V., Bovier, P. A., Loutan, L., & Stalder, H. (2003). Improving communication between physicians and patients who speak a foreign language. British Journal of General Practice, 53(492), 541-546.
Bredart, A., Bouleuc, C., & Dolbeault, S. (2005). Doctor-patient communication and satisfaction with care in oncology. Current opinion in oncology, 17(4), 351-354.
Bystad, M., Bystad, C., & Wynn, R. (2015). How can placebo effects best be applied in clinical practice? A narrative review. Psychology research and behaviour management, 8, 41.
Charlton, C. R., Dearing, K. S., Berry, J. A., & Johnson, M. J. (2008). Nurse practitioners’ communication styles and their impact on patient outcomes: an integrated literature review. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 20(7), 382-388.
Cortes, D. E., Mulvaney-Day, N., Fortuna, L., Reinfeld, S., & Alegría, M. (2008). Patient–provider communication: Understanding the role of patient activation for Latinos in mental health treatment. Health Education & Behaviour, 36(1), 138-154.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Denzin, N. K. & Lincoln, Y. S. 2000. ‘Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research’, in N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (eds.), Handbook of qualitative research, 1-29. Second Edition. California: Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
DiMatteo, M. R., Haskard-Zolnierek, K. B., & Martin, L. R. (2012). Improving patient adherence: a three-factor model to guide practice. Health Psychology Review, 6(1), 74-91.
Duffy, F. D., Gordon, G. H., Whelan, G., Cole-Kelly, K., & Frankel, R. (2004). Assessing competence in communication and interpersonal skills: the Kalamazoo II report. Academic Medicine, 79(6), 495-507.
Dugdale, D. C., Epstein, R., & Pantilat, S. Z. (1999). Time and the patient–physician relationship.
Journal of General Internal Medicine, 14(S1), 34-40.
Epstein, R. M., & Street JR, R. L. (2007). Patient-centred communication in cancer care: promoting healing and reducing suffering.
Epstein, R. M., Franks, P., Fiscella, K., Shields, C. G., Meldrum, S. C., Kravitz, R. L., & Duberstein,
P. R. (2005). Measuring patient-centred communication in patient–physician consultations: theoretical and practical issues. Social science & medicine, 61(7), 1516- 1528.
Goold, S. D., & Lipkin, M. (1999). The doctor–patient relationship. Journal of general internal medicine, 14(S1), 26-33.
Gottschalk, A., & Flocke, S. A. (2005). Time spent in face-to-face patient care and work outside the examination room. The Annals of Family Medicine, 3(6), 488-493.
Hawthorne, K., Rahman, J., & Pill, R. (2003). Working with Bangladeshi patients in Britain: perspectives from primary health care. Family Practice,20(2), 185-191.
http://www.moh.gov.my/images/gallery/Polisi/Operational_Policy_Anaesthesia_And_Intensive
_Care_Service.pdf
Jensen, J. D., King, A. J., Guntzviller, L. M., & Davis, L. A. (2010). Patient–provider communication and low-income adults: Age, race, literacy, and optimism predict communication satisfaction. Patient education and counselling, 79(1), 30-35.
Kim YM, Figueroa ME, Martin A, Silva R, Acosta SF, Hurtado M, Richardson P, Kols A (2002). Impact of supervision and self-assessment on doctor–patient communication in rural Mexico. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 14(5), 359-367.
Kim, S. S., Kaplowitz, S., & Johnston, M. V. (2004). The effects of physician empathy on patient satisfaction and compliance. Evaluation & the health professions, 27(3), 237-251.
Krauss, R. M., Krauss, R. M., & Fussell, S. R. (1996). Social psychological models of interpersonal communication. In Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles.
Kripalani, S., & Weiss, B. D. (2006). Teaching about health literacy and clear communication. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21(8), 888-890.
Kruger, D. (1988). An introduction to phenomenological psychology (2nd Ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Juta.
Lasswell, H. D. (1948). The structure and function of communication in society. The communication of ideas, 37, 215-228.
Levinson, W., Stiles, W. B., Inui, T. S., & Engle, R. (1993). Physician frustration in communicating with patients. Medical care, 31(4), 285-295.
Lovell, B. L., Lee, R. T., & Brotheridge, C. M. (2010). Physician communication: barriers to achieving shared understanding and shared decision making with patients. Journal of Participatory Medicine, 2, e12
Martin, L. R., Williams, S. L., Haskard, K. B., & DiMatteo, M. R. (2005). The challenge of patient adherence. Therapeutics and clinical risk management, 1(3), 189.
Mason, S., Weber, E. J., Coster, J., Freeman, J., & Locker, T. (2012). Time patients spend in the emergency department: England's 4-hour rule—a case of hitting the target but missing the point?. Annals of emergency medicine, 59(5), 341-349.
Mays, N., & Pope, C. (2000). Qualitative research in health care: Assessing quality in qualitative research. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 320(7226), 50.
Mead, N., & Bower, P. (2002). Patient-centred consultations and outcomes in primary care: a review of the literature. Patient education and counselling, 48(1), 51-61.
Mechanic, D., McAlpine, D. D., & Rosenthal, M. (2001). Are patients' office visits with physicians getting shorter? New England Journal of Medicine, 344(3), 198-204.
Mercado, V. (2013). Health Care Litigation: Overcoming Language Barriers to Reduce Liability. Health Law and Policy Brief, 1(1), 9.
Neo, L. F. (2011). Working toward the best doctor-patient communication. Singapore medical journal, 52(10), 720-725.
Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In Existential- phenomenological perspectives in psychology (pp. 41-60). Springer US.
Risso-Gill I, Balabanova D, Majid F, Ng KK, Yusoff K, Mustapha F, Kuhlbrandt C, Nieuwlaat R, Schwalm JD, McCready T, Teo KK, Yusuf S, McKee M. (2015). Understanding the modifiable health systems barriers to hypertension management in Malaysia: a multi- method health systems appraisal approach. BMC health services research, 15(1), 254.
Salmon, D. A., Sapsin, J. W., Teret, S., Jacobs, R. F., Thompson, J. W., Ryan, K., & Halsey, N. A. (2005). Public health and the politics of school immunization requirements. American Journal of Public Health, 95(5), 778-783.
Smith, J. A. (1996). Beyond the divide between cognition and discourse: Using interpretative phenomenological analysis in health psychology. Psychology and health, 11(2), 261-271.
Sparks, L. (2013). Health Communication and Caregiving Research, Policy, and Practice. Multidisciplinary Coordinated Caregiving: Research Practice Policy, 131.
Street, R. L., Makoul, G., Arora, N. K., & Epstein, R. M. (2009). How does communication heal? Pathways linking clinician–patient communication to health outcomes. Patient education and counselling, 74(3), 295-301.
Travaline, J. M., Ruchinskas, R., & D’Alonzo, G. E. (2005). Patient-physician communication: why and how. J Am Osteopath Association, 105(1), 13-8.
World Health Organization, & International Council of Nurses. (2007). Atlas: nurses in mental health 2007. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs220/en/print.html.
Vimala, G., & Omar, S. Z. (2016). Interpersonal Communication skill Barrier Faced by Cardiology Doctors at National Heart Centre Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(6), 344-357.