This study explores the experiences of parents raising children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Tianjin, China, with particular attention to the challenges they encounter and the coping strategies they develop. A qualitative case study design was employed to examine the experiences of four parents of children diagnosed with ADHD. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes emerged from the data: behavioural confusion and the development of understanding, social expectations and family pressures, parenting stress and family burden, and adaptation and coping strategies. The findings indicate that parents initially experienced uncertainty and confusion when interpreting their children's behaviours, often attributing difficulties to disobedience or inadequate parenting. Following diagnosis and increased access to ADHD-related knowledge, parents gradually reconstructed their understanding of their children's behaviours and adopted more adaptive parenting approaches. Parents also reported emotional stress, family pressures, and concerns about social judgement. Over time, information seeking, emotional adjustment, family support, and changes in parenting strategies helped parents adapt to their children's needs. The findings highlight the importance of culturally sensitive family support and accessible ADHD-related education for parents.
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