Integrated reporting is an approach that incorporates the wider ecosystem surrounding a particular issue by considering multiple perspectives and stakeholders, including social and economic factors. In the context of waqf, integrated reporting provides a more comprehensive understanding of waqf issues beyond financial metrics or selected indicators. Although previous studies have discussed waqf reporting in relation to transparency, accountability and disclosure quality, limited attention has been given to integrating financial, social, governance and visual disclosure elements for Malaysian Islamic Religious Councils. This conceptual paper explores the key principles and components of integrated waqf reporting, including stakeholder engagement, transparency, accountability, public trust and social value communication. Drawing on waqf reporting literature, Islamic accountability principles, the Priori Model and visual disclosure, this paper proposes a more integrated direction for waqf reporting. It argues that integrated waqf reporting can strengthen disclosure quality, stakeholder communication and socially responsible waqf management for society well-being.
Abdul Manaf, N. H., & Omar, M. W. (2019). Compliance level of waqf reporting by Malaysian waqf institutions. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 10(3), 382-400.
Abu Talib, N. Y., Abdul Latiff, R., & Aman, A. (2020). An institutional perspective for research in waqf accounting and reporting: A case study of Terengganu State Islamic Religious Council in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(2), 400–427.
Abu Zahrah M. (2007). Wakaf menurut agama dan undang-undang, translated by Sinaga Y., Jasmine Enterprise, Berlian Publication Sdn. Bhd.
Ahmad, Z. A., & Rusdianto, R. (2020). Impact of transparency and accountability on trust and intention to donate cash waqf in Islamic microfinance institutions. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business, 5(2), 197–227.
Ali, M., & Othman, R. (2016). Disclosure practices of waqf institutions in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 7(2), 106-119.
Beattie, V., & Jones, M. J. (1994). An empirical study of graphical format choices in charity annual reports. Financial Accountability and Management, 10(3), 215-236.
Cavanagh, T. (2022). Cognitive and Graphic Design Principles for Creating Well-Organized, Visually Appealing Slide Decks. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 23294906221131988.
Daud, D. (2019). The role of Islamic governance in the reinforcement waqf reporting: SIRC Malaysia case. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 10(3), 392-406.
Daud, D., & Abdul Rahman, R. (2008). A preliminary study on non-financial items of waqf reporting: a preliminary survey of Johor academicians. In International Accounting and Business Conference 2008.
Daud, D., Ismail, A. M., Rahman, R. A., Sadique, R. B. M., & Zakaria, N. B. (2019). Perceptions of Waqf reporting practices by state religious Islamic councils. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(4), 1092-11098.
Haji Ali, N. A., & Haji Omar, M. A. (2018). Factors Affecting the Quality of Waqf Reporting in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 9(3), 398-412.
Hyndman, N. (1990), Charity Accounting – An Empirical Study of Information Needs of Contributors to the Fund-Raising Charities. Financial Accounting and Management. 6(4), 295-307
Ibrahim, S. S., Daud, D., Hidayah, K., Shaharuddin, A., & Al-Amin, A. A. M. (2022). Waqf integrated income generating model (WIIGM) for enhancing sustainable development goals (SDGS) in Malaysia: an evaluation of behavioural intention. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, (ahead-of-print).
IFRS Foundation. (2021). International Integrated Reporting Framework. IFRS Foundation.
Islamic Development Bank Institute. (2020). Islamic social finance report 2020. Islamic Development Bank Institute.
Kamarubahrin, A. F., Ayedh, A. M. A., & Khairi, K. F. (2019). Accountability practices of waqf institution in selected states in Malaysia: A critical analysis. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting, 27(2), 331–352.
Kamaruddin, M. I. H., Hanefah, M. M., & Masruki, R. (2022). Challenges and prospects in waqf reporting practices in Malaysia. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting.
Kamaruddin, M. I. H., Shafii, Z., Hanefah, M. M., Salleh, S., & Zakaria, N. (2024). Exploring Shariah audit practices in zakat and waqf institutions in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 15(3), 402-421.
Kamarudin, K. N., & Zainuddin, Y. H. (2018). Reporting practices of Malaysian waqf institutions: A comparative analysis. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 9(3), 363-377.
Khan, A. U., & Rashid, A. (2017). Disclosures of Islamic banks regarding Waqf in Malaysia. Humanomics, 33(3), 349-363.
Mohaiyadin, N. M. H., Aman, A., Palil, M. R., & Said, S. M. (2022). Addressing accountability and transparency challenges in waqf management using blockchain technology. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 8, 53–80.
Muhammad, S., Shaikh, N., & Lakho, A. R. (2020). Waqf reporting practices in Pakistan: An exploratory study. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(1), 156-174.
Nor, M. N. M., Bakar, R. A., & Ahmad, N. (2017). The Importance of Waqf Reporting for the Credibility of Waqf Institutions in Malaysia. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, 30(1), 35-54.
Paivio, A., Yuille, J. C., & Madigan, S. A. (1968). Concreteness, imagery, and meaningfulness values for 925 nouns. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 76, 1– 25.
Pellicer-Sánchez, A. (2022). Multimodal reading and second language learning. ITL-International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 173(1), 2-17.
Peterson, M. (2022). How to Do Things with Pictures: Imagery in Visual Media as Workspace. Visual Communication Quarterly, 29(1), 3-16.
Qahaf M. (2007). Manajemen wakaf produktif. Khalifa Pustaka Al-Kautsar Grup, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.
Rahman, R. A., & Omar, W. Z. W. (2016). Waqf Reporting: A Literature Review. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 7(3), 202-217.
Rammal, H. G., & Zurbruegg, R. (2007). Awareness of Islamic banking products among Muslims: The case of Australia. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 12(1), 65-74
Rousseau, D. M., & Fried, Y. (2001). Location, location, location: Contextualizing organisational research. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 22(1),1-13.
Sabran, O. (2002), Pengurusan Harta Wakaf, 1st Edition, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Salleh, M. F. M., Ahmad, A., Basnan, N., Harun, A. M., Wahid, H., & Abdul Wahab, A. B. (2017). Disclosure of non-financial information in discharging accountability of waqf trustee. IPN Journal, 7(1), 15–28.
United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. United Nations.
Zulkifli, N., Ghazali, N. A., Ambali, A. R., Jamaluddin, N., Hashim, N. A., & Abdullah, M. S. (2022). An empirical investigation on integrated waqf governance in Malaysian waqf institutions. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7(SI7), 325–331.
Daud, D., Ibrahim, S. S., Kasim, E. S., & Rasheed, F. (2026). Integrated Waqf Reporting for Strengthening Public Trust and Social Accountability in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 16(7), 563–572.
Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode