The rapid growth of ageing populations, coupled with climate change and evolving family structures, has created new challenges for sustainable community development across Asia. This study examines how China, Japan, and Singapore address these challenges through an Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) perspective. Employing a comparative qualitative case study design, the research integrates policy document analysis, climate scenario analysis, and a review of academic and grey literature to evaluate national approaches to ageing-in-place. The findings reveal three distinct development trajectories. Japan demonstrates mature governance through its Community-Based Integrated Care System, although labour shortages remain a significant constraint. Singapore achieves relatively balanced ESG performance by combining climate-resilient urban infrastructure with policies that promote intergenerational living. In contrast, China's "90-7-3" ageing policy framework increasingly faces structural challenges due to the long-term effects of the one-child policy and the growing prevalence of empty-nest households. The study contributes to the sustainable ageing literature by proposing an integrated ESG analytical framework that links climate resilience, family structure transformation, and governance capacity. The findings offer practical implications for policymakers seeking to design resilient, inclusive, and sustainable ageing communities in rapidly ageing societies.
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