Primary School Mathematics Teachers’ Perception toward Financial Literacy and Students’ Ability to Make Financial Decisions

Abu Talib, S., Mohamad Nasri, N., & Sofwan Mahmud, M. (2024). Transformasi Ke Arah Profesionalisme: Kesediaan Guru Matematik dalam Menghadapi Cabaran Pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2024.2103.09
Afni, N., & Hartono. (2020). Contextual teaching and learning (CTL) as a strategy to improve students mathematical literacy. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1581(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1581/1/012043
Ali, P., Anderson, M., McRae, C., & Ramsey, I. (2016). The Financial Literacy of Young People: Socioeconomic Status, Language Background, and the Rural-urban Chasm. Australian and International Journal of Rural Education, 26(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.47381/AIJRE.V26I1.6
Atiqah, N., & Rosli, R. (2020). Pengetahuan Isi Kandungan Khusus dan Efikasi Kendiri Guru Sekolah Rendah dalam Pengajaran Topik Pecahan. Akademika, 3, 145–154. https://doi.org/10.17576/akad-2020-90IK3-11
Attard, C. (2018). Financial literacy: Mathematics and money improving student engagement. Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom, 23(1), 9–1. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/aeipt.221368
Banjo, B. O., Luneta, K., & Rodríguez-Nieto, C. A. (2025). Exploring teachers’ perceptions of mathematical connections in the mathematics curriculum and teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 21(9), em2703. https://doi.org/10.29333/EJMSTE/16883
Barrot, J. S., Gonzales, J. M., Eniego, A. A., Salipande, A. L., & Olegario, M. L. G. (2024). Integrating Financial Literacy into the K-12 Curriculum: Teachers’ and School Leaders’ Experience. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 33(1), 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-022-00704-y
Batty, M., Collins, J. M., & Odders-White, E. (2015). Experimental evidence on the effects of financial education on elementary school students’ knowledge, behavior, and attitudes. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 49(1), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12058
Beteille, T., Tognatta, N., Riboud, M., Nomura, S., & Ghorpade, Y. (2020). Ready to Learn: Before School, In School, and Beyond School in South Asia. Ready to Learn: Before School, In School, and Beyond School in South Asia. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1327-6
Björklund, M. (2019). Teaching Financial Literacy: Competence, Context And Strategies Among Swedish Teachers. Journal of Social Science Education, 18(2), 28–48. https://doi.org/10.4119/jsse-1426
Cattaneo, A., Adukia, A., Brown, D. L., Christiaensen, L., Evans, D. K., Haakenstad, A., McMenomy, T., Partridge, M., Vaz, S., & Weiss, D. J. (2022). Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum: New opportunities to inform policy. World Development, 157, 105941. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2022.105941
Cavalcante, A. (2025). Three approaches to financial numeracy education in secondary mathematics textbooks. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 2025(3). https://doi.org/10.29333/iejme/16079
Cavalcante, A., & Savard, A. (2022). Understanding our world in a time of crisis: Mathematics education pedagogy toward financial numeracy. Journal of Honai Math, 5(2), 109–126. https://doi.org/10.30862/jhm.v5i2.261
Chan, K. K. H., & Yung, B. H. W. (2018). Developing Pedagogical Content Knowledge for Teaching a New Topic: More Than Teaching Experience and Subject Matter Knowledge. Research in Science Education, 48(2), 233–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11165-016-9567-1/METRICS
Clores, L. J., & Nueva España, R. C. (2023). Assessment of Teachers’ Instructional Practices: Towards Proposing an Innovative Instructional Model for Teaching-Learning Material in Chemistry. Journal of Practical Studies in Education, 4(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.46809/jpse.v4i4.69
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd edition) (Second). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Compen, B., De Witte, K., & Schelfhout, W. (2019). The role of teacher professional development in financial literacy education: A systematic literature review. In Educational Research Review (Vol. 26, pp. 16–31). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.12.001
Crawfurd, L., & Pugatch, T. (2021). Teacher labor markets in developing countries. The Routledge Handbook of the Economics of Education, 193–217. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429202520-9/TEACHER-LABOR-MARKETS-DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES-1-LEE-CRAWFURD-TODD-PUGATCH
Creswell, W. J., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches Fifth Edition. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Czech, K., Ochnio, L., Wielechowski, M., & Zabolotnyy, S. (2024). Financial Literacy: Identification of the Challenges, Needs, and Difficulties among Adults Living in Rural Areas. Agriculture 2024, Vol. 14, Page 1705, 14(10), 1705. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRICULTURE14101705
Davis, C. F. (2023). Teacher Perceptions Of Financial Literacy 1 From Rags To Riches: Examining Teacher Perceptions Of The Influence Of Financial Literacy On The Psychological Well-Being Of Military-Connected Students In Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve. Liberty University.
De Beckker, K., Compen, B., De Bock, D., & Schelfhout, W. (2019). The capabilities of secondary school teachers to provide financial education. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 18(2), 66–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419850152;PAGEGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION
De Witte, K., Holz, O., & De Beckker, K. (2020). Financial education: Current practices and future challenges. Waxmann Verlag GMBH. https://research.ou.nl/en/publications/financial-education-current-practices-and-future-challenges/
Deng, H.-T., Chi, L.-C., Teng, N.-Y., Tang, T.-C., & Chen, C.-L. (2013). Influence of Financial Literacy of Teachers on Financial Education Teaching in Elementary Schools. International Journal of E-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJEEEE.2013.V3.195
Evans, D. K., & Mendez Acosta, A. (2023). How to recruit teachers for hard-to-staff schools: A systematic review of evidence from low- and middle-income countries. Economics of Education Review, 95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2023.102430
Financial Education Network. (2019). Malaysia Strategi Literasi Kewangan Kebangsaan 2019-2023. Financial Education Network.
Financial Industry Collective Outreach (FINCO). (2023). Money SENse: Malaysian Students’ Grasp of Financial Matters. https://www.finco.my/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Money-SENse-Report.pdf
Financial Literacy and Economic Growth: How Eastern Europe Is Doing?, Economics ___ (2024). https://www.afi-global.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Promoting-Financial-Literacy-Case-Study-of-Bank-Negara-Malaysia.pdf
Frydman, C., & Camerer, C. F. (2016). The Psychology and Neuroscience of Financial Decision Making. In Trends in Cognitive Sciences (Vol. 20, Number 9, pp. 661–675). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2016.07.003
Garg, N., & Singh, S. (2018). Financial literacy among youth. In International Journal of Social Economics (Vol. 45, Number 1, pp. 173–186). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-11-2016-0303
Gold, L. A. (2016). Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding Financial Literacy in Kindergarten Through Grade 2. Ohio University.
Gold, L. A. (2022). Financial literacy in the Ohio K–2 classroom: a mixed methods study. Education 3-13, 50(6), 722–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2021.1905018
Golding, J. (2020). Mathematics education and financial literacy: A valued but vulnerable symbiosis. Proceedings of the British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics, 40(1).
Goyibova, N., Muslimov, N., Sabirova, G., Kadirova, N., & Samatova, B. (2025). Differentiation approach in education: Tailoring instruction for diverse learner needs. MethodsX, 14, 103163. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MEX.2025.103163
Gremi, E., Çerri, S., Morina, M., Kotollaku, M., Çela, M., & Durmishi, A. (2025). Raising awareness of financial education among youth in the Elbasan region, Albania. In Multidisciplinary Reviews (Vol. 8, Number 4). Malque Publishing. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2025130
Guo, Y., Liu, C., Liu, H., Chen, K., & He, D. (2023). Financial Literacy, Borrowing Behavior and Rural Households’ Income: Evidence from the Collective Forest Area, China. Sustainability 2023, Vol. 15, Page 1153, 15(2), 1153. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15021153
Henderson, G. E., Beach, P., & Coombs, A. (2021). Financial Literacy Education In Ontario: An Exploratory Study Of Elementary Teachers’ Perceptions, Attitudes, And Practices. Canadian Journal of Education, 44, 309–336. www.cje-rce.ca
Jala, C. L. (2024). Financial Literacy And Retirement Preparedness Of Public-School Teachers: Basis Of Developmental Plan For Retirement. 26(10), 1122–1137. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13968091
Jayaraman, J. D., Jambunathan, S., & Counselman, K. (2018). The Connection between Financial Literacy and Numeracy: A Case Study from India. Numeracy Advancing Education in Quantitative Literacy, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.11.2.5
Jayaraman, J., Jambunathan, S., & Counselman, K. (2018). Numeracy Numeracy Advancing Education in Quantitative Literacy Advancing Education in Quantitative Literacy. 11. https://doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.11.2.5
Kamber, E., Atance, C. M., Kamawar, D., & Mahy, C. E. V. (2024). Children’s saving: A review and proposed ecological framework. Developmental Review, 74, 101163. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DR.2024.101163
Karki, S. K., Andaregie, A., & Takagi, I. (2023). Impact of financial literacy training on the financial decisions of rural households in Nepal. International Review of Economics 2023 71:2, 71(2), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12232-023-00438-3
Keohane, B. K. (2024). How Do Teacher Perceptions and Biases Affect or Influence Student Behavior. Journal of Educational Leadership in Action, 9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62608/2164-1102.1147
Klapper, L., & Lusardi, A. (2020). Financial literacy and financial resilience: Evidence from around the world. Financial Management, 49(3), 589–614. https://doi.org/10.1111/FIMA.12283;PAGEGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION
Komara, R., & Widyastuti, A. (2018). Does Financial Literacy Impact Financial Decision Making Among The Government Employee. Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics Symposium 2018 on Special Session for Indonesian Study, 174–184.
KPM. (2016). Panduan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan-Kewangan. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia.
KPM. (2024). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025 Laporan Tahunan 2023. www.moe.gov.my
Kumar, M. (2021). Financial Literacy among the Academicians: A Study of Haryana. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI), 12(9), 195–209.
Kusumawati, I. B., Fachrudin, A. D., Indra Putri, R. I., & Zulkardi. (2023). Infusing Islamic financial literacy in mathematics education for Islamic school. Journal on Mathematics Education, 14(1), 19–34. https://doi.org/10.22342/JME.V14I1.PP19-34
Lancian, J. I., Arak, P. M., & Susada, M. D. (2024). Financial Literacy Of Teachers: A Quantitative Study. IJARIIE, 10(5), 2024. www.ijariie.com
Li, J., Li, Q., & Wei, X. (2020). Financial literacy, household portfolio choice and investment return. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101370
Livy, S., Muir, T., Trakulphadetkrai, N. V., & Larkin, K. (2023). Australian primary school teachers’ perceived barriers to and enablers for the integration of children’s literature in mathematics teaching and learning. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 26(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10857-021-09517-0/TABLES/3
Loh, A. M., Peong, K. K., & Peong, K. P. (2019). Determinants of Personal Financial Literacy among Young Adults in Malaysian Accounting Firms. GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review, 7(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.35609/GJBSSR.2019.7.1(2)
Lusardi, A., & Messy, F.-A. (2023). The importance of financial literacy and its impact on financial wellbeing. Journal of Financial Literacy and Wellbeing, 1(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/flw.2023.8
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2023). The Importance of Financial Literacy: Opening a New Field. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 37(4), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.37.4.137
Mani, M. (2022). Financial Inclusion Through Financial Literacy: Evidence, Policies, and Practices. International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD) , 13(1). https://doi.org/10.4018/IJSESD.2022010102
Marchetti, A., Rinaldi, T., Lombardi, E., Massaro, D., & Valle, A. (2021). Learning to wait, be altruistic, and fair: A primary school training in economic education. Financial Education and Risk Literacy, 112–122. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789908855.00014
Matías, B.-V., Danilo, D.-L., & Jael, O.-M. (2025). Teaching mathematics in rural schools: Asystematic review of classroom implementations. Multidisciplinary Reviews. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2026140
Merter, A. K., & Balc?o?lu, Y. S. (2025). Financial literacy and decision-making: The impact of knowledge gaps on financial outcomes. Borsa Istanbul Review, 25, 101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIR.2025.07.010
Mireku, K., Appiah, F., & Agana, J. A. (2023). Is there a link between financial literacy and financial behaviour? Cogent Economics & Finance, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2188712
Nolka, E., & Sofianopoulou, C. (2024). SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL LITERACY ABILITIES. https://doi.org/10.36315/2024v1end031
OECD. (2020). PISA 2018 Results (Volume IV). OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/48ebd1ba-en
OECD. (2023). Financial Competence Framework For Children And Youth In The European Union. [Publications Office of the European Union]. https://doi.org/10.2874/297346
OECD. (2024a). PISA 2022 Results (Volume IV): How Financially Smart Are Students? PISA, PISA. https://doi.org/10.1787/5A849C2A-EN
OECD. (2024b). Shaping Students’ Financial Literacy: The Role of Parents and Socio-Economic Backgrounds.
Oliver, A. G., Campbell, R., Graffin, S., & Bundy, J. (2022). Media Coverage of Earnings Announcements: How Newsworthiness Shapes Media Volume and Tone. Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063221080125;ISSUE:ISSUE:DOI
Opletalová, A. (2015). Financial Education and Financial Literacy in the Czech Education System. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 171, 1176–1184. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2015.01.229
Ozkale, A., & Ozdemir Erdogan, E. (2020). A Conceptual Model for the Interaction of Mathematical and Financial Literacies. International Journal of Progressive Education, 16(5), 288–304. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2020.277.18
Pahlevan Sharif, S., & Naghavi, N. (2020). Family financial socialization, financial information seeking behavior and financial literacy among youth. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 12(2), 163–181. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-09-2019-0196
Palinussa, A. L., Molle, J. S., & Gaspersz, M. (2021). Realistic mathematics education: Mathematical reasoning and communication skills in rural contexts. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 10(2), 522–534. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v10i2.20640
Pease, S. K. (2018). Success for Every Child: The Impact of Teacher Perceptions on Student Achievement (87). https://openriver.winona.edu/counseloreducationcapstones
Pournara, -. (2016). Deepening pre-service secondary teachers’ mathematical content knowledge through engaging with peers’ mathematical contributions. Perspectives in Education, 34(1), 135–149. https://doi.org/10.38140/PIE.V34I1.1948
Priyanda, R., Herman, T., Amalia, R., & Ihsan, I. R. (2025). Exploring teachers’ pedagogical reasoning in mathematics education using the TPACK framework. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1552760. https://doi.org/10.3389/FEDUC.2025.1552760/BIBTEX
Puspa Sari, E. F., Zulkardi, Indra Putri, R. I., & Darmawijoyo. (2023). Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Math Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding Financial Literacy. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 12(2). http://journal.institutpendidikan.ac.id/index.php/mosharafa
Radi, N. H., & Amran, S. (2023). Strategi dan Cabaran Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Terbeza dalam Kalangan Guru di Sekolah Rendah. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 8(5), e002336. https://doi.org/10.47405/MJSSH.V8I5.2336
Rehman, K., & Mia, M. A. (2024). Determinants Of Financial Literacy: A Systematic Review And Future Research Directions. Future Business Journal, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-024-00365-x
Sagita, L., Putri, R. I. I., Zulkardi, & Prahmana, R. C. I. (2022). Promising research studies between mathematics literacy and financial literacy through project-based learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 13(4), 753–772. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.v13i4.pp753-772
Sagita, L., Utami, N. W., Dwipa, N. M. S., & Wicaksono, B. (2025). Students’ financial literacy in math classroom: Insights into financial awareness. Journal on Mathematics Education, 16(1), 131–152. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.v16i1.pp131-152
Said, N., Meng, C. C., Musa, M., & Yaakob, M. N. (2022). Development of Financial Education Training Module for Secondary School Mathematics Teachers: Design and Development Research. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 11(1), 827–836. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/V11-I1/12342
Salleh, S., Syed Mohamad, S. I., Haris@harith, Z., & Suraya, M. (2020). The Financial Literacy of Students From The Bachelor in Teaching Preparatory Programme at The Institute of Teacher Education Ilmu Khas Campus. Jurnal Penyelidikan TEMPAWAN, 37.
Santos, E., Tavares, F. O., & Maurício, C. (2025). What Do Children with Above-Average Abilities Understand About Financial Literacy? Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2025, Vol. 18, Page 254, 18(5), 254. https://doi.org/10.3390/JRFM18050254
Santoso, A. B., Trinugroho, I., Nugroho, L. I., Saputro, N., & Purnama, M. Y. I. (2016). Determinants of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion Disparity Within a Region: Evidence from Indonesia. Advanced Science Letters, 22(5–6), 1622–1624. https://doi.org/10.1166/ASL.2016.6706
Sawatzki, C. (2016). Insights from a financial literacy task designer: The curious case of problem context (pp. 576–583). Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia Incorporated. https://researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au/en/publications/insights-from-a-financial-literacy-task-designer-the-curious-case
Sawatzki, C. (2017). Lessons in financial literacy task design: authentic, imaginable, useful. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 29(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13394-016-0184-0/METRICS
Sawatzki, C., & Sullivan, P. (2017). Teachers’ perceptions of financial literacy and the implications for professional learning. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 42(5), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2017v42n5.4
Scheresberg, C. de B. (2013). Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior among Young Adults: Evidence and Implications. Numeracy, 6(2), 5. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.6.2.5
Shazreen, N., Saini, A., & Rosli, R. (2021). Financial Elements in Teaching and Learning of Mathematics: A Systematic Review. International Research in Education, 9(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5296/IRE.V9I1.18033
Storozuk, A., & Maloney, E. A. (2023). What’s Math Got to Do with It?: Establishing Nuanced Relations between Math Anxiety, Financial Anxiety, and Financial Literacy. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2023, Vol. 16, Page 238, 16(4), 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/JRFM16040238
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). (2018, June). Financial Skill Scale Questionnaire. https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/documents/bcfp_financial-well-being_financial-skill-scale.pdf
Thelagaa, C. L., & Rosli, R. (2024). Pengetahuan Pedagogi Isi Kandungan Guru Matematik Dalam Topik Wang Sekolah Rendah. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society. https://doi.org/10.55057/ijares.2024.6.2.26
Thi, H., Pham, H., Duc Pham, Q., Bui, C. K., & Le, H. T. (2025). Factors affecting the effectiveness of math teachers’ integrated teaching in secondary schools: The case of Vietnam. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.33902/JPR.202532448
Trang, K. T., & Hansen, D. M. (2021). The Roles of Teacher Expectations and School Composition on Teacher–Child Relationship Quality. Journal of Teacher Education, 72(2), 152–167. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487120902404;JOURNAL:JOURNAL:JTEA
Villagomez Amezcua, A., & Hidalgo Everardo, J. A. (2017). Financial Literacy and Mathematics: A Study among Young Mexican High School Students. Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance, 12. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1665-53462017000200001
Voon, S. H., & Amran, M. S. (2021). Pengaplikasian Teori Pembelajaran Konstruktivisme Dalam Pembelajaran Matematik Application of Constructivism Learning Theory in Mathematical Learning.
Wardat, Y., Belbase, S., Tairab, H., Takriti, R. A., Efstratopoulou, M., & Dodeen, H. (2022). The Influence of School Factors on Students’ Mathematics Achievements in Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) in Abu Dhabi Emirate Schools. Education Sciences 2022, Vol. 12, Page 424, 12(7), 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/EDUCSCI12070424
Whitebread, D., & Bingham, S. (2020). Habit Formation and Learning in Young Children.
Wu, S. J., Wei, D. Y., Zhang, Y. M., Han, J., & Hu, H. Z. (2023). A Survey of an Evaluation Index of Teaching Ability for Financial Literacy Education Based on TPACK for Primary and Secondary School Teachers. 2023 Asia Conference on Cognitive Engineering and Intelligent Interaction (CEII), 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1109/CEII60565.2023.00018
Xu, S., Yang, Z., Ali, S. T., Li, Y., & Cui, J. (2022). Does Financial Literacy Affect Household Financial Behavior? The Role of Limited Attention. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 906153. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2022.906153/BIBTEX
Zakaria, M. A., & Ahmad, M. F. (2021). Teaching as Performance Studies: Exploring the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of Theater Arts. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v11-i2/9197
Zulaihati, S., Susanti, S., & Widyastuti, U. (2020). Teachers’ financial literacy: Does it impact on financial behaviour? Management Science Letters, 10(3), 653–658. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.9.014

Xiang, T. Y., & Mahmud, M. S. (2026). Primary School Mathematics Teachers’ Perception toward Financial Literacy and Students’ Ability to Make Financial Decisions. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 16(3), 43–64.

Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode