The relations between countries are necessary in a modern globalized world. This is due to the fact that, no country is self-sufficient. As such, countries all over the world have been making both bi-lateral and multi-lateral relations, in order to promote their economic and social well-being, in addition to the protection of their sovereign and territorial integrity. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that bring about the relationship between Nigeria and Israel; and explain the benefits Nigeria derives from the relations. The study employs qualitative research approach in which data were collected through questionnaires with open ended questions. The realist theory of power is adopted in the study to measure the nature of the relations. Realist theory believes that survival is the principal target of every state and each state will do everything possible in order to maximize its likelihood of continuing to exist. It is suggested that, there is a need to bridge the trade margin between the two countries. The research finds that Nigeria-Israel relations in the 21st century can best be seen as a relation in which each country tries to gain benefits in the field of trade and commerce, security, religion and culture.
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