We live in a real world but we still see the existence of many beliefs that do not match up with any logic but magic! This study aimed at identifying the relationship between superstition and locus of control and finding out whether people with more superstitious beliefs were more in an external locus of control or internal. Two hundred and fifty students in grades one, two and three in Beheshti high school in Qazvin, Iran participated in this study. To measure source of control, Rutter questionnaire consisting of twenty nine items was used and superstitions were also evaluated using a questionnaire. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between external sources of control and having superstitious beliefs. The results also highlighted the fact that while the relationship between two variables of research was positive, but with the increase in the score of the external and internal source of control, positive relationship with the superstitions variable was reduced.
Amid, H. (1985). Amid dictionary, contains Persian words and colloquial Arabic words in Farsi, Tehran: Amirkabir publication.
Amini, A. (1961). Common culture, Tehran: Elmi Publication.
Asgari Nadushan, A., F. Najaf Abadi, S. and Heidari. (1992). the description of the superstitious belief in Ahvaz, sociology of superstition.
Ashbey,S., Kottman, T.,Darper,K.(2002).Social interest and locus of control:Realationship and Implication.The journal of Psychology,58. 1.
Bukhari S.S,Pardhan A,Khan AS,Ahmed A,Choudry FJ,Pardhan K,Nayeem K ,Khan M.(2002). Superstitions Regarding Health Problems in Different Ethnic Groups in Karachi, Faculty of Health science, Baqai Medical University, Karachi.
Dehkhoda, A. (1947). Dehkhoda dictionary, Tehran: Tehran University.
Duas.D.A. (2001). Survey of Social Research, Tehran: Ney publication.
Farahani, M. (2000). Psychology of personality: theory, research and application. Tehran University of Teacher Education.
Farahani, M. (2002). Psychology of Personality: theory, research, and application. Tehran University of Teacher Education.
Foroughi, A., Asgari Moghaddam, R. (2010). The study about the tendency toward superstition among Tehran citizens, Strategy, 53, 191-161.
Hedayat, S.(2000). Folk culture of the people of Iran, Tehran: Cheshmeh publication.
Hedayat, S. (1934). Nirangestan, Tehran: Javidan publication.
Irwin, H,J.(1985), A Study of the Measurement and the correlation of Paranormal Belief. The Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research,79,301-326.
Jahuda, G. (1993). The Psychology of Superstition. Translated by Mohammad Naqi Baraheni, Tehran: Alborz.
Jahoda, G. (1969). The psychology of superstition. London: Allen Lane The Penguin
Jamshidipur, Y. (1974). Proverbs of Persian culture, Tehran: Foroughi Publication.
Khonsari, A. J. (1973).Women’s beliefs, Tehran: Tahuri publication.
Kramer, T., & Block, L. (2008). Conscious and nonconscious components of superstitious beliefs in judgment and decision making. Journal of Consumer
Research, 34(6), 783–793.
Kirkcaldy,D., Shepard, J. & Furnham, F.(2002).The influence of type A behavior and locus of control upon job satisfaction and occupational health personality and individual difference,33,1361-1371.
Mufson, L. (1991).Factors affecting the accuracy of facial affect recognition,Journal of Psychology,Des, 315-320.
Pahlavian, Heidari, Mahboob H, MohammadKazem Zarabian. (1999). The relationship between internal/external source of control and depression and academic performance of students of Medical Sciences university of Hamedan, Journal of psychiatry and clinical psychology. 14 (4), 23-32.
Pakdaman, M, H. (2000). Society for superstition, Mashhad: Marandiz Publication.
Peltzer, K, & Renner, W. Superstition. (2001).Rrisk-taking and risk perception of accidents among South African taxi drivers.Accident Analysis and prevention,35, 1.
Peltzer,K .(2002). Paranormal Beliefs and Personality among Black South African students.www.Infindarticle.com
Peltzer, K., & Renner, W. (2003). Superstition, risk-taking and risk perception of accidents among South African taxi drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention,
35(4), 619–623.
Schick, T. Jr. & Vaugn, L. (2002). How to think about weird things: Critical thinking for a new age (3rd ed.). USA: McGraw Hill Companies, Inc
Sepehr, M. (1999). The best examples of factors, causes and ways to fight superstitions, intellectual rigidity and fanaticism, Tehran, Islamic Azad University.
Shahnushi, M. (1993).Superstition and some of the areas of it, the sociology of superstition in Iran.
Thalbourne, M .A.,&Hensly, J. H.(2001)Religiosity and belief in The paranormal Journal of the society for Psychical Research,65,47-50.
The secretariat of the general council of Lorestan province. (1997). The way to deal with superstitions in Khorramabad, The secretariat of the general council of Lorestan province.
Waring, P. (1993). Dictionary of superstition, strangest superstitions of the world, translated by Ahmad Hajjarian, Tehran: Hajjarian publication.
Zebb, Barbara J. and Moore,Michael C,(2011). Superstitioness and Perceived Anxiety Control as Predictors of Psychological Distress in Elsevier Science Inc.
Kashiha, S. (2015). On the Relationship between Adolescents’ Tendency to Superstition and the Source of Control. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5(4). 159-169.
Copyright: © 2015 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode