Effective communication and social support are essential for strengthening disaster management systems, particularly in enhancing community resilience and recovery. This study develops a structured model integrating communication mechanisms and social support networks using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matrix of Cross-Impact Multiplications Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis. Ten critical variables, including Effective Communication, Social Media Utilization, Crisis Communication Training, Multi-Agency Coordination, Virtual Operation Support Teams (VOST), Disaster Communication Networks, Risk Communication, Media Collaboration, ICT Integration, and Social Support Networks, were identified through expert consultation and literature synthesis. The ISM framework revealed hierarchical interdependencies, with communication and ICT Integration serving as foundational drivers, training and social media as amplifiers, and coordination mechanisms functioning as operational linkages. Moreover, dependent outcomes such as Risk Communication, Media Collaboration, and Social Support Networks were demonstrated to rely heavily on upstream enablers. MICMAC analysis further categorized these variables into independent, linkage, and dependent factors, confirming the systemic interconnections among them. The findings highlight the importance of integrating technological enablers, capacity-building initiatives, and collaborative networks to foster resilience. The proposed ISM–MICMAC model provides both theoretical and practical insights for policymakers, disaster managers, and community organizations in designing robust disaster communication and support strategies.
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