This research investigates the impact of instructional aids on the academic performance of lower secondary school students in mathematics. Instructional aids are crucial tools in the teaching and learning process, as they help to simplify complex concepts and engage students actively in their learning. This research aims to examine the use of instructional aids in teaching and learning mathematics, assess the perception of lower secondary school students regarding the use of instructional aids in mathematics, and investigate the impact of instructional aids on the academic performance of lower secondary school students in mathematics. This research addresses several key questions: ‘What is the use of instructional aids in teaching and learning mathematics in secondary schools?’, ‘What is the perception of lower secondary school students towards the use of instructional aids in mathematics?’ And ‘What is the impact of instructional aids on the mathematics academic performance of lower secondary school students?’ A quantitative research design was employed, involving a sample of Form 2 students from the Dual Language Programme class at SMK Seksyen 9. Data were collected through tests and questionnaires. The research findings showed that instructional aids significantly enhance students' engagement and understanding of mathematics. Students exposed to a variety of aids reported better comprehension and enjoyment of mathematical concepts, finding them more relevant to real-world situations.They also found instructional aids effective in promoting active learning and practical skill development. These findings underscore the importance of instructional aids in mathematics education, supporting effective teaching methods. The research highlights a positive link between using instructional aids and academic performance, suggesting they can improve learning outcomes and increase student interest in mathematics. Overall, this research provides strong evidence of instructional aids' positive impact on lower secondary school students' academic performance in mathematics, fostering interactive learning that enhances comprehension and critical thinking.
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