To address the homogeneous competition dilemma of Chongqing homestays and clarify the driving mechanism of experience value on customer engagement, this study focuses on Chongqing homestays. Taking consumers aged 18 and above with experience of staying in Chongqing homestays as the research objects, 412 valid questionnaires were collected through both online and offline channels. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to empirically analyze the direct impact and differential roles of the three dimensions of experience value (emotional value, social value, and cultural value) on customer engagement. The results show that: 1) All three dimensions of experience value have a significant positive direct impact on customer engagement in Chongqing homestays, verifying that experience value is a key driving factor for customer engagement in homestays; 2) There are significant differences in the impact intensity of the three dimensions on customer engagement. Among them, emotional value (?=0.418) has the strongest driving effect, followed by cultural value (?=0.286), and social value (?=0.185) is relatively weaker; 3) The reliability and validity of the measurement scale are good, and the model's explanatory power (R²=0.499) and predictive power (Q²=0.492, large effect) for customer engagement both meet the standards. This study not only fills the regional research gap in the relationship between experience value and customer engagement of Chongqing homestays, deepens the research on the differential impact of multi-dimensional experience value, but also provides practical guidance for Chongqing homestay operators. They should give priority to optimizing emotional value (such as personalized services and the creation of a "home-like atmosphere"), supplemented by the enhancement of cultural value (such as Bayu intangible cultural heritage experiences), to specifically improve customers' willingness to engage and market competitiveness.
American Psychological Association. (2020). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.
Batra, R., & Ahtola, O. T. (1990). Measuring the hedonic and utilitarian sources of consumer attitudes. Marketing Letters, 2(2), 159–170
Brockman, B. K., & Morgan, R. M. (2006). A resources-based view of new venture performance: Strategic capability, entrepreneurial orientation, and social capital. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(5), 622–646.
Chen, C. C., & Lin, S. H. (2022). The influence of emotional value on customer engagement in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102, 103112
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Dada, S. A. (2024). Cultural authenticity and social connection as antecedents of homestay customer engagement. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 41(2), 189–205
de Vellis, R. F. (2003). Scale development: Theory and applications (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Diamantopoulos, A. (2006). Formative measurement models: A review and recommendations. Journal of Business Research, 59(1), 120–127.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
Ge, Y. (2022). Cultural value and customer loyalty in Pingyao ancient city homestays. Tourism Management Perspectives, 42, 100968
Gliem, J. A., & Gliem, R. R. (2003). Calculating, interpreting, and reporting Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for Likert-type scales. Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 6, 345–352.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hollebeek, L. D., Srivastava, G., & Chen, T. (2019). Consumer engagement: Conceptual domain, fundamental propositions, and implications for research. Journal of Consumer Service, 47, 554–565.
Jensen, Ø., & Prebensen, N. (2015). Innovation and value creation in experience-based tourism. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 15(Suppl. 1), 1–8.
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Guilford Publications.
Li, C. Y. (2021). Consumer behavior in switching between membership cards and mobile applications: The case of Starbucks. Computers in Human Behavior, 115, 106542.
Liu, Y., & Zhang, H. (2020). Emotional value in hospitality services: Scale development and validation. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(5), 1695–1718
Lu, M., & Yi, X. (2022). Experience value dimensions and customer satisfaction in Chongqing rural homestays. Chinese Journal of Tourism Research, 18(3), 456–478
Ma, H., & Zhang, L. (2017). Tourist interaction, experience value, and subjective well-being in homestays. Tourism Tribune, 32(8), 83–93. (In Chinese)
Martín-Ruiz, D., Barroso-Castro, C., & Rosa-Díaz, I. M. (2012). Creating customer value through service experiences: An empirical study in the hotel industry. Tourism and Hospitality Management, 18(1), 37–53.
Nam, K., & Hwang, J. (2021). Hierarchical structure of social media value: A study of user-generated content platforms. Computers in Human Behavior, 114, 106518
Nguyen, B. N., & Lee, S. (2022). Customer engagement in hospitality contexts: Scale development and validation. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 31(2), 145–170.
Nguyen, T. T. (2023). Cultural value measurement in heritage tourism. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 18(1), 56–72.
Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival manual (3rd ed.). Open University Press.
Peng, W. (2023). Service attributes and customer continuous participation in homestays: The role of emotional and social value. Journal of Travel Research, 62(2), 345–360.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.
Podsakoff, P. M. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569.
Rust, R. T., Zeithaml, V. A., & Lemon, K. N. (2004). Return on marketing: Using customer equity to focus marketing strategy. Harvard Business Review, 82(1), 112–120.
Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research methods for business students (8th ed.). Pearson.
Sun, L., & Wang, J. (2019). Social value in tourism: Scale development and validation. Tourism Management, 72, 312–323
Turnbull, P. W. (2009). Consumer experience value: Conceptualization and measurement. Routledge.
Van Doorn, J. (2010). Customer engagement behaviors: Theoretical foundations and research directions. Journal of Service Research, 13(3), 253–266.
Villanueva, J., & Hanssens, D. M. (2007). Customer equity: An integral part of financial reporting. Journal of Marketing, 71(4), 1–19.
Wei, Y. (2022). A quantitative study on consumers' perceived value of emerging industrial policies. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Big Data and Sustainable Development (pp. 125–130). Atlantis Press.
Xie, H., & Li, M. (2020). Sample size determination in tourism research: A methodological review. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, 100696
Xing, C. (2023). Social interaction and customer recommendation behavior in Pingtan homestays. Chinese Tourism Research, 19(1), 89–105. (In Chinese)
Yang, Q. (2022). Cultural value and tourist loyalty in Lijiang heritage homestays. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 28(5), 489–505.
Zhan, S., Wang, Y., & Li, S. (2023). Testing an alternative view of cruise tourist experience: The hierarchical experience model. Journal of Travel Research, 62(8), 1678–1694.
Zhao, L. (2022). Experience value and customer behavior intention in Chinese homestays: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 100, 103058.
Zhang, Q. (2021). Comparative study on experience value dimensions and their impacts on customer loyalty in different types of homestays. Tourism Management, 84, 104315.
Zeithaml, V. A., Rust, R. T., & Lemon, K. N. (2001). The customer pyramid: Creating and serving profitable customers. California Management Review, 43(4), 118–142.
Guo, C., & Mohammadi, A. (2025). The Impact of Experience Value of Chongqing Homestays on Customer Engagement: The Differential Roles of Emotional, Social, and Cultural Values. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(10), 626-641.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode