The issue of drug abuse among adolescents in Malaysia continues to pose a significant challenge to society, with rising cases severely impacting the nation's social and economic well-being. This study aims to review the conceptual frameworks based on previous research concerning factors influencing drug abuse among adolescents in Malaysia, applying Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory (1999). This theory encompasses various systemic levels including microsystem (direct relationships with family, school, and peers), mesosystem (interactions between microsystems), exosystem (external influences such as parents' workplaces), and macrosystem (cultural values, social norms, and national policies). Through this approach, the study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of how environmental and social factors affect adolescents' decisions regarding drug abuse. The implications highlight the necessity for an integrated approach involving family, schools, and community efforts in prevention strategies and along with public policies emphasizing awareness of drug abuse dangers particularly among youths. Such an approach will help foster healthier environments and support adolescent well-being in Malaysia.
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