This study will test whether blockchain adoption will improve the triple-bottom-line performance of Malaysian logistics firms by first strengthening their data-analytic capability. Anchored in Dynamic Capabilities Theory, it will survey digitally active freight forwarders, 3PLs and in-house logistics units and will analyse the data with PLS-SEM, incorporating procedural and statistical remedies for common-method bias. The model is expected to confirm that blockchain intensity will boost data quality and analytic maturity, that stronger analytics will enhance social, environmental and economic outcomes, and that data-analytic capability will fully mediate the blockchain–sustainability link. Purpose - It will test whether data-analytic capability will mediate the link between blockchain intensity and social, environmental, and economic performance. Design/methodology - A cross-sectional survey of digitally active logistics providers will be analysed with PLS-SEM; procedural and statistical controls will limit common-method bias. Findings - The model is expected to show that blockchain adoption will raise data quality, that stronger analytics will improve all three sustainability dimensions, and that full mediation will emerge. Originality/value - This will be the first empirical study to integrate blockchain and analytics within Dynamic Capabilities Theory for an emerging-economy logistics context, supplying actionable guidance for firms and policymakers.
Abbad, H., & Rowe, F. (2024, May). Understanding dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: A literature review and future research directions.
Babu George. (2025). Blockchain in Global Trade: Insights from the TradeLens Experiment .
Container. (2020). CP and Malaysian customs join TradeLens initiative.
Dosm. (2024). Malaysian economic statistic review.
Espahbod, S., Tashakkori, A., Mohsenibeigzadeh, M., Zarei, M., Arani, G. G., Dziku?, M., & Dziku?, M. (2024). Blockchain-Driven Supply Chain Analytics and Sustainable Performance: Analysis Using PLS-SEM and ANFIS. Sustainability, 16(15), 6469. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156469
Fedex. (2025). Take more control of your carbon footprint with FedEx Sustainability Insights.
Hackius, N., & Petersen, M. (2017). Blockchain in logistics and supply chain: trick or treat? Digitalization in Supply Chain Management and Logistics: Smart and Digital Solutions for an Industry 4.0 Environment. Proceedings of the Hamburg International Conference of Logistics (HICL), Vol. 23, 3–18.
Han, Y., & Fang, X. (2024). Systematic review of adopting blockchain in supply chain management: bibliometric analysis and theme discussion. International Journal of Production Research, 62(3), 991–1016. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2023.2236241
Huynh, M.-T., Nippa, M., & Aichner, T. (2023). Big data analytics capabilities: Patchwork or progress? A systematic review of the status quo and implications for future research. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 197, 122884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122884
Idrissi, Z. K., Lachgar, M., & Hrimech, H. (2024). Blockchain, IoT and AI in logistics and transportation: A systematic review. Transport Economics and Management, 2, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.team.2024.09.002
Kitcharoen, K. (2023). The adoption of big data to achieve firm performance of global logistic companies in Thailand. Journal of Distribution Science, 21(1), 53–63.
Klassen, R. D., & Whybark, D. C. (1999). Environmental Management in Operations: The Selection of Environmental Technologies*. Decision Sciences, 30(3), 601–631. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1999.tb00900.x
Maritime. (2022). Maersk and IBM Abandon Blockchain TradeLens Platform.
Meafa, A.-E., Chaouni Benabdellah, A., Zekhnini, K., & Bag, S. (2025). Dynamic capabilities of blockchain technology for resilient–sustainable–survival supply chain: empirical evidence from the manufacturing and assembling firms. Benchmarking: An International Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-03-2024-0244
Thomas, N. (2024). Malaysia’s Logistics Market Reaches USD 28.88 Billion in Revenue in 2024, Anticipates 5.4% CAGR by 2030.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879.
Rahman, Md. A., Saha, P., Belal, H. M., Hasan Ratul, S., & Graham, G. (2024). Big data analytics capability and supply chain sustainability: analyzing the moderating role of green supply chain management practices. Benchmarking: An International Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-10-2024-0852
Reuters. (2023). Malaysia accelerates tech transformation with industry4WRD.
Solaymani, S. (2022). CO2 Emissions and The Transport Sector in Malaysia.
Lee, S. (2025). Blockchain in Logistics Enhancing Efficiency in Supply Chains.
Searoutes. (2025). Beyond Carbon Accounting: How Route Optimization Can Transform Your Supply Chain Sustainability.
Trade. (2025). Malaysia Logistics And Supply Chain Blockchain Opportunities.
Efendi, T. (2020). Royal Malaysian Customs Department Adopts IBM and Maersk’s TradeLens Blockchain.
Venkatraman, N., & Ramanujam, V. (1986). Measurement of Business Performance in Strategy Research: A Comparison of Approaches. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 801–814. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1986.4283976
Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001
Wei, R., & Liu, C. (2020). Research on carbon emission reduction in road freight transportation sector based on regulation-compliant route optimization model and case study. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems, 28, 100408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suscom.2020.100408
Yawar, S. A., & Seuring, S. (2017). Management of Social Issues in Supply Chains: A Literature Review Exploring Social Issues, Actions and Performance Outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 141(3), 621–643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2719-9
Hee, Y. H., Vafaei-Zadeh, A., & Amran, A. (2025). From Ledger to Impact: Blockchain-Enabled Data Analytics and Triple-Bottom-Line Performance in Malaysia’s Logistics Sector. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(5), 1218–1229.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
