International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

Autonomous Orientation and Delinquent Behavioral Change: A Case Study of Ex-Juvenile Entrepreneurs in Katsina State, Nigeria

Open access
Contemporary Entrepreneurship argument discovered the importance and the positive influence of autonomous orientation as one of the Entrepreneurial orientations (EO) towards organizational performance and profitability. However, discussion of autonomous orientation in the context of individuals such as entrepreneurs behavioral change influence still silent, especially in the context of ex-juvenile entrepreneurs that can give an insight into the Entrepreneurship body of knowledge. Therefore, the purposes of this research are to understand the role of autonomous orientation behaviors as one of the Individual Entrepreneurial Orientations (IEO) towards the delinquent behavioral change of ex-juvenile entrepreneurs. This study forms the EO autonomous orientation behaviors influence towards ex-juvenile delinquent behavioral change through qualitative single case study, the study employed thematic analyses and NVivo 12 Pro computer software to organize the empirical data obtained through an in-depth interviews 10 cases of ex-juvenile entrepreneurs who are operating entrepreneurial activities in Katsina state, Nigeria. This study argues that entrepreneurial orientation influence towards delinquent behavioral change. The study found that ex-juvenile entrepreneurs are autonomous and more importantly autonomous orientation behaviors has a positive influence on ex-juvenile entrepreneurs’ delinquent behavioral change. This finding provides a fresh knowledge about the IEO potential in the entrepreneur self-development and understanding into the entrepreneurship and to policymakers. Lastly, we conclude some implications for future research to expand the research (Theoretically, Conceptually and Empirically) of the IEO autonomous orientation behaviors among individuals’ behavioral changes particularly, delinquent populace behavioral change in entrepreneurship context.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A social cognitive Theory. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1998). Health Promotion from the Perspective of Social Cognitive Theory. Psychology and Health, 13(4), 623-649.
Bandura, A., & Adams, N. E. (1977). Analysis of Self-efficacy Theory of Behavioural Change.
Baron, R. A., & Shane, S. A. (2008). Entrepreneurship: A Process Perspective (ed.): Thomson. South Western.
Berrone, P., Cruz, C., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (2012). Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms: Theoretical Dimensions, Assessment Approaches, and Agenda for Future Research. Family Business Review, 25(3), 258– 279.
Bolton, D. L., & Lane, M. D. (2012). Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Development of a Measurement Instrument. Education+ Training.
Breaugh, J. A. (1999). Further Investigation of the Work Autonomy Scales: Two Studies. Journal of Business and Psychology, 13(3): 357–373.
Casillas, J. C., and Moreno, A. M. (2010) The relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Growth: The Moderating role of Family Involvement. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 22(3–4): 265–291.
Chowdhury, F., Audretsch, D., and Belitski, M. (2018), “Dynamics of Institutions and Entrepreneurship Quality”, Academy of Management Proceedings, Briarcliff Manor, Academy of Management, NY 10510, Vol. 2018 No. 1, p. 10293.
Covin, J. G., and Slevin, D. P. (1989) Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments. Strategic Management Journal 10: 75–87.
Covin, J. G., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2011). Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and Research: Reflections on a Needed Construct. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 855-872.
Covin, J. G., & Miller, D. (2014). International Entrepreneurial Orientation: Conceptual Considerations, Research Themes, Measurement Issues, and Future Research Directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(1), 11-44.
Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1989). Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments. Strategic Management Journal, 10(1), 75-87.
Debicki, B. J., Kellermanns, F. W., Chrisman, J. J., Pearson, A. W., & Spencer, B. A. (2016). Development of a Socioemotional wealth Importance (SEWi) Scale for Family Firm Research. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 7(1), 47–57.
Denzin, N. K. (1989). The research act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Downing, C. (2012). Bolivian Prison Entrepreneurship: An Unexpectedly Successful Rehabilitation Method. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 6(4), 339-349.
Frederick, H., & Dzisi, S. (2008). Entrepreneurial Activities of Indigenous African Women: A Case of Ghana. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and places in the global economy.
Fugard, A. J., & Potts, H. W. (2015). Supporting Thinking on Sample Sizes for Thematic Analyses: A Quantitative Tool. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 18(6), 669-684.
Given, L. M. (2016): 100 Questions (and Answers) About Qualitative Research. Sage, Thousand Oaks.
Goktan, A. B., and Gupta, V. K. (2015), “Sex, Gender, and Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: Evidence from four Countries”, The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 95-112.
Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. The Qualitative Report, 8(4), 597-606.
Guest, G., MacQueen, K. M., & Namey, E. E. (2012). Applied Thematic Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Gurol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial Characteristics Amongst University Student: Some Insights for Entrepreneurship Education and Training in Turkey.
Hughes, M., & Morgan, R. E. (2007). Deconstructing the Relationship Between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance at the Embryonic Stage of Firm Growth. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(5), 651–661.
Jancenelle, V. E., Storrud-Barnes S., and Javalgi, R. R. G. (2017) Corporate entrepreneurship and market performance: A content analysis of earnings conference calls. Management Research Review 40(3): 352–367.
Jayawarna, D., Rouse, J., & Kitching, J. (2013). Entrepreneur Motivations and Life Course. International Small Business Journal, 31(1), 34-56.
Klofsten, M., Fayolle, A., Guerrero, M., Mian, S., Urbano, D., & Wright, M. (2019). The Entrepreneurial University as Driver for Economic Growth and Social Change-Key Strategic Challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141, 149-158.
Kollmann, T., & Stöckmann, C. (2014). Filling the Entrepreneurial Orientation–Performance Gap: The Mediating Effects of Exploratory and Exploitative Innovations. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(5), 1001-1026.
Kollmann, T., Chistofor, J., & Kuckertz, A. (2007). Explaining individual entrepreneurial orientation: conceptualization of a cross-cultural framework. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 4, 325–340.
Krauss, S. I., Frese, M., Friedrich, C., & Unger, J. U. (2005). Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Psychological Model of Success Among Southern African Small Business Owners. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14, 315–344.
KritiKoS, A. S. (2014), Entrepreneurs and Their Impact on Jobs and Economic Growth, IZA World of Labor.
Lamptey, J., & Marsidi, A. Bin. (2020). Loss Aversion Bias in Working Capital Management and Performance Small and Medium- sized Enterprise (SMEs): Perspectives of Ghanaian SME Managers. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(5), 127–142.
Loh, W. Y. (2011). Classification and Regression Trees. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 1(1), 14-23.
Lumpkin, G. T., and Dess, G. G. (2001) Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing 16(5): 429–451.
Lumpkin, G. T., Cogliser, C. C., & Schneider, D. R. (2009). Understanding and Measuring Autonomy: An Entrepreneurial Orientation Perspective. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(1): 47–69.
Lumpkin, G. T., and Gregory, G. D. (1996), ‘Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it to Performance’, Academy of Management Review 21 (1), 135–172.
Miller, D., and Friesen, P. H. (1983) Strategy-making and environment: The third link. Strategic Management Journal 4(3): 221–235.
Miller, D. (2011). Miller (1983) Revisited: A Reflection on EO Research and some Suggestions for the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(5), 873–894.
Mohamad, S. G. B., and Perry, C. (2015), “How fund managers in Malaysia make decisions”, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 72-87,
Pavico, L. P., & Mercado, E. B. (2018). Entrepreneurial Orientation Among Tarlac State University BS-Entrepreneurial Students and Graduates. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 7, 176-181.
Peris-Ortiz, M., Devece-Carañana, C. A., & Navarro-Garcia, A. (2018). Organizational Learning Capability and Open Innovation. Management Decision, 56(6), 1217-1231.
Reynolds, P., Bygrave, W., Autio, E., Cox, L., and Hay, M. (2002), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2002 Executive Report, Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, Wellesley, MA.
Runyan, R., Droge, C., & Swinney, J. (2008). Entrepreneurial Orientation Versus Small Business Orientation: what are their Relationships to firm Performance? Journal of Small Business Management, 46(4), 567-588.
Sabahi, S., & Parast, M. M. (2020). The Impact of Entrepreneurship Orientation on Project Performance: A Machine Learning Approach. International Journal of Production Economics, 107621.
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., ... & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in Qualitative Research: Exploring its Conceptualization and Operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 52(4), 1893-1907.
Solomon, A. L. (2012). In Search of a Job: Criminal Records as Barriers to Employment. NIJ Journal, 270, 42-51.
Solomon, A. L. (2012). In Search of a Job: Criminal Records as Barriers to Employment. NIJ Journal, 270, 42-51.
Sonfield, M. (2013). Entrepreneurship Training and Prisoner Re-Entry: Lessons from a Successful Program. Small Business Institute, 91.
Sonfield, M. C. (2008). Entrepreneurship and Prisoner Re-entry: The Development of a Concept. Small Business Institute Research Review, 35.
Sonfield, M. C. (2010). Entrepreneurship and Prisoner Re-entry: The Development of a Concept. Small Business Institute Research Review, 35
Stephan, D. W., & Erker, G. (2015). Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry: Development and Perspectives. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 54(22), 6400-6441.
Taggart, J. H. (1997) Autonomy and procedural justice: A framework for evaluating subsidiary strategy. Journal of International Business Studies 28(1): 51–76.
Tijjani, B., Fifield, S. G. M., and Power, D. M. (2009), “The appraisal of equity investments by Nigerian investors”, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 6-26,
Venkatraman, N. (1989). Strategic Orientation of Business Enterprises: The Construct, Dimensionality, and Measurement. Management Science, 35(8), 942–962.
Wales, W. J. (2016). Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Review and Synthesis of Promising Research Directions. International Small Business Journal, 34(1), 3-15.
Wales, W., Monsen, E., & McKelvie, A. (2011). The Organizational Pervasiveness of Entrepreneurial Orientation. Entrepreneurship the Entrepreneurship Orientation and Practice, 35(5): 895–923.
Yilmaz, S., & Venugopal, V. (2013). Local Government Discretion and Accountability in Philippines. Journal of International Development, 25(2), 227-250.
In-Text Citation: (Usman & Hashim, 2020)
To Cite this Article: Usman, B., & Hashim, S. bn. (2020). Autonomous Orientation and Delinquent Behavioral Change: A Case Study of Ex-Juvenile Entrepreneurs in Katsina State, Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(6), 150–166.