While nutrition education modifies dietary habits, the impact is not sustainable over time. Integrating Health Belief Model (HBM) in nutrition education may aid in sustaining the improvement. This article determines the impact of integrating the HBM in nutrition education for individuals with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) to improve CMR markers, knowledge and dietary habits, especially regarding calories and nutrients of concern. We conducted a comprehensive search using online databases (Ovid LWW, PubMed, and Scopus (Elsevier)) for full-text articles published in the English language for the past ten years from January 2011 until August 2021. The included studies used controlled intervention among individuals with CMR defined using 'Harmonised' definitions by the International Diabetes Federation Task Force. The Quality Assessment Tool for Controlled Intervention Studies assessed the study quality. Seven studies, mainly from Iran, Iraq, Qatar and Greece, were included in this review, involving 1055 participants with CMR. Study quality ranged from fair to good. Most of the intervention studies did not blind the participants, providers and outcome assessors to group assignments. Integrating HBM in nutrition education with study duration between three to 12 months effectively improved some dietary habits, physical activity levels, knowledge, health belief, anthropometric and CMR factors. Integrating HBM in nutrition education positively impacted the outcome measures in individuals with CMR. The need for HBM is evident in improving dietary habits, particularly the calories intake and the nutrient of concern, including carbohydrates, fats, and dietary sugar. Modifying to a better quality of nutrients, such as antioxidants warrant further investigation.
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In-Text Citation: (Chiang et al., 2021)
To Cite this Article: Chiang, W. L., Yusof, B. N. M., & Azlan, A. (2021). Integrating Health Belief Model in Nutrition Education for Individuals with Cardiometabolic Risk: The State-Of-The-Art. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(19), 349–370.
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