The Relationship between Work Passion and Social Loneliness among Employees in Automotive Industry in Perak

Akande, A. (1994). Coping with entrepreneurial stress: Evidence from Nigeria. J. Small Bus. Manag. 32(1): 83-87
Aliaga, M., and Gunderson, B. (2002) Interactive Statistics. [Thousand Oaks]: Sage Publications.
Bayraktar, S., & Jimenez, A. (2022). Friend or foe? The effects of harmonious and obsessive passion on entrepreneurs’ well-being, strain and social loneliness. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management. 10.1108/CCSM-03-2021-0056.
Cacioppo, J., & Patrick, W. (2008). Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection. American Journal of Psychiatry - AMER J PSYCHIAT. 166.
Cacioppo, S., Grippo, A. J., London, S., Goossens, L., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2015). Loneliness: Clinical import and interventions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(2), 238–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691615570616
Carpentier, J., Mageau, G. A., & Vallerand, R. J. (2012, June). Ruminations and Flow: Why Do People with a More Harmonious Passion Experience Higher Well-Being? StudyGate; Springer Verlag. https://www.studygate.net/publication/226804552_Ruminations_and_Flow_Why_Do_People_with_a_More_Harmonious_Passion_Experience_Higher_Well-Being
Curran, T., Hill, A. P., Appleton, P. R., Vallerand, R. J., & Standage, M. (2015). The psychology of passion: A meta-analytical review of a decade of study on intrapersonal outcomes. Motivation and Emotion, 39(5), 631–655.
Gierveld, J. (1987). Developing and testing a model of loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.119
Gierveld, J., & Tilburg, T. (2006). A 6-Item Scale for Overall, Emotional, and Social Loneliness: Confirmatory Tests on Survey Data. Study on Aging, 28(5), 582–598. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027506289723
Jong-Gierveld, J. (1989). Personal relationships, social support, and loneliness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 6(2), 197–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/026540758900600204
Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M., (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Donahue, E. G., Forest, J., Vallerand, R. J., Pierre-Nicolas Lemyre, Crevier-Braud, L., & Bergeron, É. (2012). Passion for Work and Emotional Exhaustion: The Mediating Role of Rumination and Recovery. 4(3), 341–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2012.01078.x
Donahue, E. G., Forest, J., Vallerand, R. J., Pierre-Nicolas Lemyre, Crevier-Braud, L., & Bergeron, É. (2012). Passion for Work and Emotional Exhaustion: The Mediating Role of Rumination and Recovery. 4(3), 341–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2012.01078.x
Forest, J., Mageau, G. A., Sarrazin, C., & Morin, E. M. (2010). “Work is my passion”: The different affective, behavioural, and cognitive consequences of harmonious and obsessive passion toward work. 28(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.170
Stenseng, R. J., & Kraft, P. (2012). Activity Engagement as Escape from Self: The Role of Self-Suppression and Self-Expansion. StudyGate; Taylor & Francis (Routledge). https://www.studygate.net/publication/254317029_Activity_Engagement_as_Escape_from_Self_The_Role_of_Self-Suppression_and_Self-Expansion
Stenseng, R. J., & Kraft, P. (2012). Activity Engagement as Escape from Self: The Role of Self-Suppression and Self-Expansion. StudyGate; Taylor & Francis (Routledge). https://www.studygate.net/publication/254317029_Activity_Engagement_as_Escape_from_Self_The_Role_of_Self-Suppression_and_Self-Expansion
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331–362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331–362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
Gierveld, J. & van Tilburg, Theo & Dykstra, Pearl. (2006). Loneliness and Social Isolation. 10.1017/CBO9780511606632.027.
Giraldo-Rodríguez, L., Álvarez-Cisneros, T., & Agudelo-Botero, M. (2023). Psychometric Properties of the 11-Item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale in a Representative Sample of Mexican Older Adults. 11(4), 489–489. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040489
Giraldo-Rodríguez, L., Álvarez-Cisneros, T., & Agudelo-Botero, M. (2023). Psychometric Properties of the 11-Item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale in a Representative Sample of Mexican Older Adults. 11(4), 489–489. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040489
Goldberg, C. (1986). The interpersonal aim of creative endeavor. Journal of Creative Behavior, 20, 35–48.
Hassan, Z. A., Schattner, P., & Mazza, D. (2006). Doing A Pilot Study: Why Is It Essential? Malaysian Family Physician : The Official Journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 1(2-3), 70–73. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453116/
Ho, V. T., Kong, D. T., Lee, C.-H., Dubreuil, P., & Forest, J. (2018). Promoting harmonious work passion among unmotivated employees: A two-nation investigation of the compensatory function of cooperative psychological climate. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 106, 112–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.01.005
Jenny, T., & Dykstra, P. A. (2006). Loneliness and Social Isolation. StudyGate; unknown. https://www.studygate.net/publication/227944437_Loneliness_and_Social_Isolation
Johnson, B., and Turner, L. A. (2003) Data Collection Strategies in Mixed Methods Study. In Tashakkori, A.M. and Teddlie, C.B., Eds., Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Study, SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, 297-319. - References - Scientific Study Publishing. (2016).
Lewis C. C., Mettert K. D., Dorsey C. N., Martinez R. G., Weiner B. J., Nolen E., Stanick C., Halko H., Powell B. J. (2018). An updated protocol for a systematic review of implementation-related measures. Systematic Reviews, 7(1), 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0728-3
Majid, U. (2018). Study Fundamentals: Study Design, Population, and Sample Size. Undergraduate Study in Natural and Clinical Science and Technology (URNCST) Journal. 2. 10.26685/urncst.16.
Maninder Singh Setia. (2016). Methodology series module 3: Cross-sectional studies. 61(3), 261–261. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.182410
Marylène Gagné, Forest, J., Gilbert, M.-H., & Malorni, A. (2010, August). The Motivation at Work Scale: Validation Evidence in Two Languages. StudyGate; SAGE Publications. https://www.studygate.net/publication/230846109_The_Motivation_at_Work_Scale_Validation_Evidence_in_Two_Languages
Morin, E. M., & Dassa, C. (2006). Giving meaning to work and promoting occupational health. Manuscript in revision for the Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, HÉC Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Nguyen, B. (2022, October 23). 57% of US workers want overtime as expenses increase: survey. Business Insider; Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/over-half-us-workers-want-overtime-cost-living-increase-survey-2022-10
Apuke, O. (2017). Quantitative Study Methods : A Synopsis Approach. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business & Management Review; https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Quantitative-Study-Methods-%3A-A-Synopsis-Approach-Apuke/d499311a9d0825ead54f895d376b675fc02a768c
Parasuraman, S., and Simmers, C. A. (2001) Types of Employment, Work-Family Conflict and Well-Being A Comparative Study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 551-568.
Perlman, D., and Peplau, L. (1998) Loneliness. In Friedman, H.S., Ed., Encyclopedia of Mental Health, Vol. 2, Academic Press, San Diego, 571-581.
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. (1981). Toward a Social Psychology of Loneliness (pp. 31–56). https://peplau.psych.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/141/2017/07/Perlman-Peplau-81.pdf
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In S. W Duck & R. Gilmour (Eds.J , Personal Relntionships. 3: Personal relntionships in disorder (pp. 3F56). London: Academic Press.
Pinquart, M., & Sörensen, S. (2001). Influences on loneliness in older adults: A meta-analysis. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 23(4), 245–266. https://doi.org/10.1207/153248301753225702
Pollack, J. M., Ho, V. T., O’Boyle, E. H., & Kirkman, B. L. (2020). Passion at work: A meta?analysis of individual work outcomes. 41(4), 311–331. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2434
Pollack, J. M., Ho, V. T., O’Boyle, E., & Kirkman, B. L. (2020, February 3). Passion at Work: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Work Outcomes. StudyGate; Wiley. https://www.studygate.net/publication/339006205_Passion_at_Work_A_Meta-Analysis_of_Individual_Work_Outcomes PROTON - INSPIRING CONNECTIONS. (2022). Proton.com. https://www.proton.com/
Rae, J., Bell and Binder, A. K. (2023, June 27). automotive industry. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/automotive-industry
Rony, J.-A. (1990). Les passions [The passions]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
Rook, K. S. (1984). The negative side of social interaction: Impact on psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(5), 1097–1108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.46.5.1097
Russell, D. W., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. 39(3), 472–480. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.39.3.472
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
Salkind, Neil. (2008). Statistics for People Who (Think They) Hate Statistics.
Sedgwick, P. (2013) Convenience Sampling. British Medical Journal, 2013, 347.https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f6304
Seguin-Levesque, C., Lyne, M., N. Lalibertea, & Vallerand, R. J. (2003). Harmonious and Obsessive Passion for the Internet: Their Associations With the Couple’s Relationship1. StudyGate; Wiley. https://www.studygate.net/publication/227662476_Harmonious_and_Obsessive_Passion_for_the_Internet_Their_Associations_With_the_Couple's_Relationship1
Senthilnathan, S. (2019). Usefulness of Correlation Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal. 10.2139/ssrn.3416918.
Sippola, L. K., & Bukowski, M. (tqqq). Self other; and loneliness from a developmental perspective. In K. J. Rottenberg & S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence [pp. z8o-2g5). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Stangor, C. (2011) Study Methods for the Behavioral Sciences. 4th Edition, Cengage, Mountain View, CA. - References - Scientific Study Publishing. (2021).
Stein, J. Y., & Tuval-Mashiach, R. (2015). The social construction of loneliness: An integrative conceptualization. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 28(3), 210–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2014.911129
Stenseng, F. (2008). The two faces of leisure activity engagement: Harmonious and obsessive passion in relation to intrapersonal conflict and life domain outcomes. Leisure Sciences, 30(5), 465–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400802353224
Tiwari, S., Tripathi, I., and Tiwari, H. (2013) Effects of Lead on Environment. International Journal of Emerging Study in Management &Technology, 2, 45-51.
Vallerand, R. J. (2010). On passion for life activities: The Dualistic Model of Passion. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 42, pp. 97–193). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(10)42003-1
Vallerand, R. J. (2015). The psychology of passion: A dualistic model. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199777600.001.0001
Vallerand, R. J. (2016). The Dualistic Model of Passion: Theory, Study, and Implications for the Field of Education.
Vallerand, R. J., & Houlfort, N. (2003). Passion at Work Toward a New Conceptualization. In S. W. Gilliland, D. D. Steiner, & D. P. Skarlicki (Eds.), Emerging Perspective on Values in Organizations (pp. 175-204). Charlotte Information Age Publishing.
Vallerand, R. J., Blanchard, C. M., Mageau, G. A., Koestner, R., Ratelle, C. F., Léonard, M., Marylène Gagné, & Marsolais, J.-S. (2003). Les passions de l’âme: On obsessive and harmonious passion. 85(4), 756–767. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.756
Vallerand, R. J., Blanchard, C., Mageau, G. A., Koestner, R., Ratelle, C., Léonard, M., Gagné, M., & Marsolais, J. (2003). Les passions de l’âme: On obsessive and harmonious passion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(4), 756–767. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.756
Vallerand, R. J., Houlfort, N., & Bourdeau, S. (2019). Passion for work: The dualistic model of passion—15 years later. In R. J. Vallerand & N. Houlfort (Eds.), Passion for work: Theory, study, and applications (pp. 17–66). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190648626.003.0002
Vallerand, R. J., Houlfort, N., & Forest, J. (2014). Passion for work: Determinants and outcomes. In M. Gagné (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of work engagement, motivation, and self-determination theory (pp. 85–105). Oxford University Press.
Vallerand, R. J., Houlfort, N., & Forest, J. (2014). Passion for work: Determinants and outcomes. In M. Gagné (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of work engagement, motivation, and self-determination theory (pp. 85–105). Oxford University Press.
Vallerand, R. J., Houlfort, N., & Forest, J. (2014). Passion for work: Determinants and outcomes. In M. Gagné (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of work engagement, motivation, and self-determination theory (pp. 85–105). Oxford University Press.
Vallerand, R. J., Paquet, Y., Philippe, F. L., & Charest, J. (2010, February). On the Role of Passion for Work in Burnout: A Process Model. StudyGate; Wiley. https://www.studygate.net/publication/43532701_On_the_Role_of_Passion_for_Work_in_Burnout_A_Process_Model
Vallerand, R. J., Sarah-Jeanne Salvy, Mageau, G. A., Elliot, A. J., Denis, P. L., Frederick, & Blanchard, C. M. (2007). On the Role of Passion in Performance. 75(3), 505–534. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00447.x
Vallerand, R. J., Sarah-Jeanne Salvy, Mageau, G. A., Elliot, A. J., Denis, P. L., Frederick, & Blanchard, C. M. (2007). On the Role of Passion in Performance. 75(3), 505–534. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00447.x
Vallerand, R. J., & Houlfort, N. (2003). Passion at work: Toward a new conceptualization. In W. Gilliland, D.D. Steiner, & D.P. Skarlicki (Eds.), Emerging Perspectives on Values in Organizations (pp. 175–204). CT, Greenwich Village: Information Age publishing.
Vallerand, R. (2010). Chapter 3 - On Passion for Life Activities: The Dualistic Model of Passion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 42. 97-193. 10.1016/S0065-2601(10)42003-1.
Vartanian, T. (2011). Secondary Data Analysis. Secondary Data Analysis. 1-216. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388817.001.0001.
Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. The MIT Press.
Wenger, C., & Burholt, V. (2004). Changes in Levels of Social Isolation and Loneliness among Older People in a Rural Area: A Twenty–Year Longitudinal Study. Canadian journal on aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement. 23. 115-27. 10.1353/cja.2004.0028.
Williams, C. (2007) Study Methods. Journal of Business & Economic Study, 5, 65-72. - References - Scientific Study Publishing. (2014).
Wrzesniewski, A. (2003). Finding positive meaning in work. In K.S. Cameron, J.E. Dutton, & R.E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive Organizational Scholarship: Foundations of a New Disci-pline (pp. 296–308). San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Wrzesniewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, Careers, and Callings: People’s relations to their work. Journal of Study in Personality, 31, 21–33.
Zahra, P. F., Kee, D. M. H., Aqilah, N., Ng, X. Y., Lin, J. Y., Vashishth, K., Pandey, R., Alfadhly, H., & Quttainah, M. A. (2020). How does Organizational Culture Affect Proton’s Employee Performance? Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education, 3(2), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.32535/apjme.v3i2.846

Kadeni, N. I., Ibrahim, A., Yusof, J., Rashid, A. H. A., Samah, I. H. A., & Yasin, Y. F. (2024). The Relationship between Work Passion and Social Loneliness among Employees in Automotive Industry in Perak. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(11), 2976–2997.

Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode