This study examines the critical role of collaborative research in enhancing academic productivity and innovation within open online flexible distance learning institutions. Recognizing the significance of collaboration among academicians, the study explores how organizational culture, support, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy influence collaborative research, with attitude as a mediating factor. Data was collected using surveys, a widely recognized method for capturing nuanced perceptions and attitudes. A purposive sampling technique was employed, resulting in a robust sample size of 383 academicians, ensuring diverse representation across different academic ranks and experiences. For analysis, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to test the hypotheses, offering a comprehensive approach to examining complex relationships among the study variables. The hypotheses testing results revealed significant paths, such as the impact of organizational culture on attitude and the indirect effect on collaborative research through attitude, validating the mediation hypothesis. Similar patterns were observed for perceived benefits and self-efficacy, highlighting the substantial role of these constructs. Organizational support emerged as a direct and indirect influencer of collaborative research, underscoring its importance in fostering a supportive academic environment. Based on these findings, suggestions for future research include longitudinal studies to track changes over time, qualitative inquiries to deepen understanding, and expanding the research to diverse cultural and geographical contexts. Moreover, investigating additional mediators like technological proficiency could offer further insights. The study's implications are multifaceted, emphasizing the need for institutions to enhance organizational support and promote a positive culture that values collaborative efforts. By doing so, they can improve research outcomes and foster a more united academic community.
Abu Kassim, N. L., Mohd Bakri, S. K., Nusrat, F., Salim, E., Manjurul Karim, M., & Rahman, M. T. (2024). Time-based changes in authorship trend in research-intensive universities in Malaysia. Accountability in Research, 31(1), 56-71.
Ahn, J., & Kwon, J. (2022). Shopping with perceived benefits of sustainable consumption in online resale platforms. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 40(3), 408-424.
Ali, Z., Kalarikkal, F., Ismail, R., & Khenfer, M. O. (2021). Students' Perceived Use of MyELT in English Language Learning: Attitude, Perceived Knowledge, and Perceived Benefit. Innovative Teaching and Learning Journal, 5(2), 59-71.
Al-Rahmi, W. M., & Othman, M. S. (2013). Evaluating student’s satisfaction of using social media through collaborative learning in higher education. International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology, 6(4), 1541–1551.
Aryany Pratiwi, N., Fatimah, S., & Kukuh Susilo, A. (2023). The Impact of Organizational Support and Employee Attitude to Innovative Work Behavior Mediating Role of Psychologic Empowerment. Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, 47(2), 445-472.
Ashaduzzaman, M., Jebarajakirthy, C., Weaven, S. K., Maseeh, H. I., Das, M., & Pentecost, R. (2022). Predicting collaborative consumption behaviour: a meta-analytic path analysis on the theory of planned behaviour. European Journal of Marketing, 56(4), 968-1013.
Ayob, A., Tan, P. T., Mustafa, M. C., Shamsudin, I. D., Abdullah, N., Dzainudin, M., ... & Radzi, N. M. CRNA Collaborative Research: Country Report (Malaysia)/2022 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MOTHERS’PARENTING ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS ABOUT CHILD-REARING AND CHILDREN’S RESILIENCE AND HAPPINESS (QOL) IN MALAYSIA.
Bandura, A. (1989). Human Agency in Social Cognitive Theory. The American Psychologist, 44, 1175-1184. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.9.1175
Bandura, A. (1998). Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Psychology and Health, 13(4), 623-649.
Bandura, A. (1999). A social cognitive theory of personality. In L. Pervin & O. John Handbook of personality. New York, Guildford Publications: 154-196. Psychological review 106(4), 676
Bang, H., Lee, C., Won, D., Chiu, W., & Chen, L. (2023). Exploring attitudes of mandatory volunteers: the role of perceived organisational support, role clarity, and self-efficacy toward service. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 52(2), 421-442.
Bhalla, S. (2023). Motivations and constraints of collaborative consumption, testing the mediating role of attitude and nature of trust. Vision, 27(2), 189-201.
Bilal, M., Zhang, Y., Cai, S., Akram, U., & Luu, N. T. M. (2023). Unlocking luxury purchase intentions in China: A study of consumer attitude, perceived value, and the moderating effect of perceived enjoyment. Acta Psychologica, 240, 104048.
Björck, M. (2022). Collaborative research: population-based data and validation are necessary. British Journal of Surgery, 109(7), 578-579.
Carrell, W. S., Ellinger, A. D., Nimon, K. F., & Kim, S. (2022). Examining the relationships among managerial coaching, perceived organizational support, and job engagement in the US higher education context. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(5/6), 563-584.
Cherian, J., Gaikar, V., Paul, R., & Pech, R. (2021). Corporate culture and its impact on employees’ attitude, performance, productivity, and behavior: An investigative analysis from selected organizations of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 45.
Chu, T. H., & Chen, Y. Y. (2016). With good we become good: Understanding e-learning adoption by theory of planned behavior and group influences. Computers & Education, 92-93, 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.09.013.
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159. doi:10.1037/0033- 2909.112.1.155
de Oliveira, R. B., Bidarra, G., Rebelo, P. V., & Alferes, V. (2023). Attitudes and perceptions of teacher self-efficacy and collaborative practices in the context of inclusive education for students with special educational needs in Portuguese schools. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 1-16.
Dehbozorgi, N., Maher, M. L., & Dorodchi, M. (2021, October). Does self-efficacy correlate with positive emotion and academic performance in collaborative learning?. In 2021 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) (pp. 1-8). IEEE.
Dusdal, J., & Powell, J. J. (2021). Benefits, motivations, and challenges of international collaborative research: a sociology of science case study. Science and Public Policy, 48(2), 235-245.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchinson, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 500-507.
El-Kassar, A. N., Dagher, G. K., Lythreatis, S., & Azakir, M. (2022). Antecedents and consequences of knowledge hiding: The roles of HR practices, organizational support for creativity, creativity, innovative work behavior, and task performance. Journal of Business Research, 140, 1-10.
Garg, P., Gupta, B., Chauhan, A. K., Sivarajah, U., Gupta, S., & Modgil, S. (2021). Measuring the perceived benefits of implementing blockchain technology in the banking sector. Technological forecasting and social change, 163, 120407.
Gredig, D., Heinsch, M., Amez-Droz, P., Hüttemann, M., Rotzetter, F., & Sommerfeld, P. (2021). Collaborative research and development: a typology of linkages between researchers and practitioners. European Journal of Social Work, 24(6), 1066-1082.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Hair, J.F., M. Sarstedt, C.M. Ringle, and S.P. Gudergan. (2018). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage Publications
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3 ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., and Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1): 115-135
Herinanto, D., Gumanti, M., & Rahsel, Y. (2022). CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDE, MOTIVATION, JOB SATISFACTION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE TO THE PERFORMANCE OF MEKAR SAI COOPERATIVE EMPLOYEES. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 6(4).
Ince, M. (2023). Examining the role of motivation, attitude, and self-efficacy beliefs in shaping secondary school students’ academic achievement in science course. Sustainability, 15(15), 11612.
Ismail, M. D., Abdullah, I. H., & Hassan, M. S. (2022). Which governance mechanism influences the relationship between motivation and performance? An investigation on university and industry collaboration in Malaysia. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(3), 1160-1174.
Kang Y-N, Chang C-H, Kao C-C, Chen CY, Wu C-C (2019) Development of a short and universal learning self-efficacy scale for clinical skills. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0209155. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0209155
Kebah, M., Raju, V., & Osman, Z. (2019). Growth of online purchase in Saudi Arabia retail industry. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(3), 869-872.. ISSN: 2277-3878
Kebah, M., Raju, V., & Osman, Z. (2019). Online purchasing trend in the retail industry in Saudi. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(3), 865-868. ISSN: 2277-3878
Keshmiri, F., & Ghelmani, Y. (2023). The effect of continuing interprofessional education on improving learners’ self-efficacy and attitude toward interprofessional learning and collaboration. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 37(3), 448-456.
Kock, N., & Lynn, G.S. (2012). Lateral collinearity and misleading results in variance-based SEM: An illustration and recommendations. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 13(7), 546-580.
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1-10.
Lam, L., Nguyen, P., Le, N., & Tran, K. (2021). The relation among organizational culture, knowledge management, and innovation capability: Its implication for open innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 66.
Li, X. T., Rahman, A., Connie, G., & Osman, Z. (2020). Examining customers' perception of electronic shopping mall's e-service quality. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 11(4), 329-346.
Liengaard, B. D., Sharma, P. N., Hult, G. T. M., Jensen, M. B., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Prediction: Coveted, Yet Forsaken? Introducing a Cross-validated Predictive Ability Test in Partial Least Squares Path Modeling. Decision Sciences, 52(2), 362-392.
Morales-Huamán, H. I., Medina-Valderrama, C. J., Valencia-Arias, A., Vasquez-Coronado, M. H., Valencia, J., & Delgado-Caramutti, J. (2023). Organizational Culture and Teamwork: A Bibliometric Perspective on Public and Private Organizations. Sustainability, 15(18), 13966.
Moreno-Cely, A., Cuajera-Nahui, D., Escobar-Vasquez, C. G., Vanwing, T., & Tapia-Ponce, N. (2021). Breaking monologues in collaborative research: Bridging knowledge systems through a listening-based dialogue of wisdom approach. Sustainability Science, 16, 919-931.
Mudhar, G., Ertesvåg, S. K., & Pakarinen, E. (2023). Patterns of teachers’ self-efficacy and attitudes toward inclusive education associated with teacher emotional support, collective teacher efficacy, and collegial collaboration. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 1-17.
Mutahar, Y., Farea, M. M., Abdulrab, M., Al-Mamary, Y. H., Alfalah, A. A., & Grada, M. (2022). The contribution of trust to academic knowledge sharing among academics in the Malaysian research institutions. Cogent business & management, 9(1), 2038762.
Mutonyi, B. R., Slåtten, T., Lien, G., & González-Piñero, M. (2022). The impact of organizational culture and leadership climate on organizational attractiveness and innovative behavior: a study of Norwegian hospital employees. BMC health services research, 22(1), 637.
Osman, Z., Mohamad, W., Mohamad, R. K., Mohamad, L., & Sulaiman, T. F. T. (2018). Enhancing students’ academic performance in Malaysian online distance learning institutions. Asia Pacific Journal of Educators and Education, 33, 19-28.
Osman, Z., & Sentosa, I. (2013). Mediating effect of customer satisfaction on service quality and customer loyalty relationship in Malaysian rural tourism. International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies, 2(1), 25-37.
Park, J. Y., & Simpson, L. (2021). Harnessing the power of collaborative research. English Journal, 111(2), 20-27.
Paynter, J., Sulek, R., Trembath, D., & Keen, D. (2022). Attitudes towards and organizational support for evidence-based practices: A comparison of education and allied health professionals in autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 92, 101932.
Pfundt, A., & Peterson, L. M. (2024). Self-efficacy and attitudes associate with undergraduates’ library research intentions: A theoretically-grounded investigation. Social Psychology of Education, 1-17.
Ravana, V., Wong, S. Y., Chua, K. H., & Palpanadan, S. T. (2023). CONCEPTUALIZING AN INTEGRATED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING MODEL FOR LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE TEACHING-LEARNING IN MALAYSIA. International Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 5(2), 15-26.
Ringle, C.M., and M. Sarstedt. (2016). Gain more insight from your PLS-SEM results: The importance-performance map analysis. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 116: 1865–1886.
Ringle, Christian M., Wende, Sven, & Becker, Jan-Michael. (2022). SmartPLS 4. Oststeinbek: SmartPLS. Retrieved from https://www.smartpls.com
Shmueli, G., S. Ray, J.M. Velasquez Estrada, and S.B. Chatla. (2016). The elephant in the room: predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of Business Research, 69: 4552–4564.
Shmueli, G., M. Sarstedt, J.F. Hair, J.-H. Cheah, H. Ting, S. Vaithilingam, and C.M. Ringle. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for using PLSpredict. European Journal of Marketing. 53: 2322–2347.
Thibault, R. T., Amaral, O. B., Argolo, F., Bandrowski, A. E., Davidson, A. R., & Drude, N. I. (2023). Open Science 2.0: Towards a truly collaborative research ecosystem. PLoS Biology, 21(10), e3002362.
Tran, L. (2023). Avid, Averse, Apprehensive, or Apathetic? A typology of collaboration attitudes. Nonprofit Management and Leadership.
Van den Berg, P. T., & Wilderom, C. P. M. (2004). Defining, Measuring, and Comparing Organisational Cultures. Applied psychology, 53(4), 570-
582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00189.x
Wei, Y., Liu, H., & Park, K. S. (2021). Examining the structural relationships among heritage proximity, perceived impacts, attitude and residents’ support in intangible cultural heritage tourism. Sustainability, 13(15), 8358.
Ye, L., Huang, S., & Liu, S. (2023). The Influence of Institutional Support on Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Mobile Learning: An Empirical Study Based on English Teachers in Basic Education. In 3rd International Conference on Internet, Education and Information Technology (IEIT 2023) (pp. 136-145). Atlantis Press.
Zhao, R., Zhang, H., Wretman, C. J., Radtke, S. R., Rizo, C. F., Kim, J., & Macy, R. J. (2023). Exploring Perceived Legal and Organizational Support and Attitudes on the Decision to Mediate or Arrest in Domestic Violence Cases: A Study Among Community and Criminal Justice Professionals in China. Violence Against Women, 10778012231182411.
Zurba, M., Petriello, M. A., Madge, C., McCarney, P., Bishop, B., McBeth, S., ... & Bailey, M.(2022). Learning from knowledge co-production research and practice in the twenty-first century: global lessons and what they mean for collaborative research in Nunatsiavut. Sustainability Science, 17(2), 449-467.
Osman, Z., Nguyen, H.-A. T., Alwi, N. H., & Khan, B. N. A. (2024). Facilitating Collaborative Research in Online Open Flexible Distance Learning Higher Education Institutions. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(11), 2245–2263.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
