The role of English as a Second Language in Malaysia has prompted ESL learners to explore multi techniques and strategies in learning. However, popular strategies applied by secondary students in Malaysia are not much known. Hence, this study aims to identify the language learning strategies employed by successful language learners among secondary school students in Malaysia. This research employs a survey research design that encompasses the strategy inventory for Language Learning (SILL) It includes the six strategies proposed by (Oxford, 1989). About 38 secondary school students from different states were selected through a purposive sampling technique to answer the survey for the data collection. For the finding, it is revealed that the secondary school students use metacognitive strategies the most, followed by cognitive and memory strategies, which are considered the least used among learning learners. As a result, even though all the three strategies are being employed in their language learning process, it appears that the metacognitive strategy is the one that stands out the most thus confirming its interrelations with successful language learners. Therefore, the language learners strategies practised among secondary school varies from metacognitive as the most preferable one, followed by cognitive, and lastly memory strategies hence reflecting their proficiency level as good language learners.
Allwright, D. (1990). Autonomy in language pedagogy (CRILE Working Paper 6. Centre for Research in Education). University of Lancaster, U.K. doi:10.1099/ 00221287-136-2-327
Ang, S., Embi, M. A., & Yunus, M. M. (2017). Strategies of Successful English Language Learners among Private School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora, 5(2), 47–57. https://doi.org/10.17977/um030v5i22017p047
Aziz, N., Hashim, H., & Yunus, M. M. (2019). Using Social Media to Enhance ESL Writing Skill among Gen-Z Learners. Creative Education, 10(12), 3020–3027.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2019.1012226
Balini, M. A. I., & Jeyabalan, V. D. ROLE OF MEMORY STRATEGY TRAINING IN LANGUAGE LEARNING.
Beltrán, J. (1993). Processes, strategies, and learning techniques. Madrid: Síntesis.
Calon, K., Pendidikan, S. K., Kerajaan, S. A., Menengah, S., Negeri, A., Menengah, S., Rakyat, A., Swasta, S., & Keseluruhan, J. (n.d.). No Title.
Cohen, A. D. (2014). Strategies in learning and using a second language. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833200
Gagné, R. M. (1985). The conditions of learning and theory of instruction (4th ed.). New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Griffiths, C. (2003). The relationship between patterns of reported language learning strategy (LLS) use by speakers of other languages (SOL) and proficiency with implications for the teaching/learning situation. University of Auckland.
Hardan, A. A. (2013). Language Learning Strategies: A General Overview. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 1712–1726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.194
Hashim, H. U., Yunus, M. M., & Hashim, H. (2018). Language Learning Strategies Used by Adult Learners of Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL). TESOL International Journal, 13(4), 39–48.
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2001). Individual cognitive/affective learner contributions and differential success in second language acquisition. Breen, MP (Ed.), Learner Contributions to Language Learning: New Directions in Research içinde.
Little, D. (1991). Learner autonomy 1: Definitions, issues, and problems. Dublin: Authentik.
Macaro, E. (2004). Fourteen features of a language learner strategy. AIS St Helens, Centre for Research in International Education.
Ministry of Education. (2019). Pengumuman dan Laporan Analisis Keputusan SPM 2019. https://www.moe.gov.my/en/pemberitahuan/announcement/pengumuman-dan-laporan-analisis-keputusan-peperiksaan-spm-2019
Monereo, C., Castelló, M., Clariana, M., Palma, M., & Lluïsa Pérez, M. (2001). Teaching strategies in education. Barcelona: Editorial GRAO.
Murniati, A. K. (2020). SPM2019?: Increase in passing percentage for English. New Straits Times. https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/03/572014/spm2019-increase-passing-percentage-english
O'Malley, J. M., Chamot, A. U., Stewner?Manzanares, G., Kupper, L., & Russo, R. P. (1985). Learning strategies used by beginning and intermediate ESL students. Language learning, 35(1), 21-46.
O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Boston Massachusetts: Heinle and Heinle Publishers.
Oxford, R. L. (2003). Language learning styles and strategies: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.education.umd.edu/EDCI/SecondLangEd/TESOL/People/Faculty/Dr.%20Oxford/StylesStrategies.doc
Rose, H. (2012). Language learning strategy research: Where do we go from here? Studies in Self Access Learning, 3(2), 137–148.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the ‘good language learner’ can teach us. TESOL Quarterly 9(1), 41-51. https://doi.org/10.2307/3586011
Shakarami, A., Hajhashemi, K., & Caltabiano, N. (2017). Compensation still matters: language learning strategies in the third millennium ESL learners. Available at SSRN 3032963.
Sykes, A. H. (2015). The good language learner revisited: A case study. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 6(4), 713.
Thu, T. H. (2009). Learning Strategies Used by Successful Language Learners. Online Submission.
Tigarajan, D., Yunus, M. M., & Aziz, A. A. (2016). What good language learners do to learn English language. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 5(2).
Wenden, A. L. (1987a). Conceptual background and utility. In A. L. Wenden & J. Rubin (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning, 3-13. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Zare, P. (2012). Language learning strategies among EFL/ESL learners: A review of literature. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(5), 162-169.
In-Text Citation: (Kamiri et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Kamiri, A. A., Malip, N. K., Hameed, B. S., Govindasamy, P., Nekmat, A. S., & Hashim, H. (2022). Language Learning Strategy Used among Secondary School ESL Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(3), 515–530.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
