The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence on the three dimensions of organizational commitment (Affective, Continues and Narrative), specifically this research proposed that organizational politics moderate the relationships between emotional intelligence and Affective, Continues and Narrative organizational commitment in the private Pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan. Quantitative and descriptive approach was used based on cross sectional research design. Data was collected from 193 employees of five pharmaceutical companies of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan using a self-administered questionnaire. Preliminary analyses were performed to satisfy the assumptions, which allow us to analyze the data through SPSS Version 26 and Smart PLS Version 3. Present research found a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and Affective and Narrative organizational commitment. While found negative relationship with Continues organizational commitment. In addition, the research also found that organizational politics moderate the relationship between emotional intelligence and Affective & Continues organizational commitment. While found no moderating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and Normative organizational commitment Present study recommends that Pharmaceutical companies’ management to facilitate employee’s development through training and knowledge sharing sessions to enhance emotion intelligence and create a political free atmosphere in their firms Thus, this result provides significant value and knowledge to the Pharmaceutical companies’ management to create free organizational politics environment that will increase organizational commitment, which will lead to higher productivity and will help to enhance Pakistan economy.
Abbas, Q., & Awan, S. H. (2017). Impact of Organizational politics on employee performance in public sector Organisations. Pakistan Administrative Review, 1(1), 19-31.
Aboramadan, M., Albashiti, B., Alharazin, H., & Dahleez, K. A. (2019). Human resources management practices and Organizational commitment in higher education: The mediating role of work engagement. International Journal of Educational Management.
Abraham, R. (1999). Emotional intelligence in Organisations: A conceptualization. Genetic, social, and general psychology monographs, 125(2), 209. Administration Review,( 63(3), 355-363.), 143-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6210.00295
Ahad, R., Mustafa, M. Z., Mohamad, S., Abdullah, N. H. S., & Nordin, M. N. (2021). Work Attitude, Organizational Commitment and Emotional Intelligence of Malaysian Vocational College Teachers. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 13(1), 15-21.
Ahmed, R. R., Vveinhardt, J., & Štreimikien?, D. (2018). The direct and indirect impact of Pharmaceutical industry in Economic expansion and Job creation: Evidence from Bootstrapping and Normal theory methods. Amfiteatru Economic, 20(44), 454-469.
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the Organisation. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18.
Alonazi, W. B. (2020). The impact of emotional intelligence on job performance during COVID-19 crisis: A cross-sectional analysis. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 13, 749.
Alsughayir, A. (2021). The effect of emotional intelligence on Organizational commitment: Understanding the mediating role of job satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 11(4), 1309-1316.
Asad, M., Muhammad, R., Rasheed, N., Chethiyar, S., & Ali, A. (2020). Unveiling antecedents of Organizational politics: An exploratory study on science and technology universities of Pakistan. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(6s), 2057-2066.
Awan, M. R., & Mahmood, K. (2010). Relationship among leadership style, Organizational culture and employee commitment in university libraries. Library management.
Beck, J. H. (2013). Emotional Intelligence in Everyday Life. Psychology Press.
Black, J. S., & Porter, L. W. (1991). Managerial behaviors and job performance: A successful manager in Los Angeles may not succeed in Hong Kong. Journal of International Business Studies, 22(1), 99-113.
Carmeli, A. (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes: An examination among senior managers. Journal of managerial Psychology.
Carmeli, A., & Josman, Z. E. (2006). The relationship among emotional intelligence, task performance, and Organizational citizenship behaviors. Human Performance, 19(4), 403-419.
Chang, C. H., Rosen, C. C., & Levy, P. E. (2009). The relationship between perceptions of Organizational politics and employee attitudes, strain, and behavior: A meta-analytic examination. Academy of Management Journal, 52(4), 779-801.
Chen, C. H. V., & Indartono, S. (2011). Study of commitment antecedents: The dynamic point of view. Journal of Business Ethics, 103(4), 529-541.
Chin, W. W. (2010). How to Write Up and Report PLS Analyses. In Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655-690). Springer.
Chong, S. C., Falahat, M., & Lee, Y. S. (2020). Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance of Academicians in Malaysia. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 69-80.
Cropanzano, R., Howes, J. C., Grandey, A. A., & Toth, P. (1997). The relationship of Organizational politics and support to work behaviors, attitudes, and stress. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 18(2), 159-180.
Danish, R. (2000). Differences in public and private sector in Organizational Politics Perception and Work Performance Relationship: An empirical Evidence from Pakistan. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore.
Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. (2004). Can emotional intelligence be developed? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(1), 95-111.
Fedor, D., Ferris, G. R., Harrell-Cook, G., & Russ, G. S. (1998). The dimensions of politics perceptions and their Organizational and individual predictors. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1760-1797.
Ferris, G. R., & Kacmar, K. M. (1992). Perceptions of Organizational politics. Journal of Management, 18(1), 93-116.
Ferris, G. R., Adams, G., Kolodinsky, R. W., Hochwarter, W. A., & Ammeter, A. P. (2002). Perceptions of Organizational politics: Theory and research directions.
Ferris, G. R., Ellen III, B. P., McAllister, C. P., & Maher, L. P. (2019). Reorganizing Organizational politics research: A review of the literature and identification of future research directions. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 6, 299-323.
Ferris, G. R., Russ, G. S., & Fandt, P. M. (1989). Politics in Organisations. In R. A. Giacalone and P.
Ferris, G. R., Treadway, D. C., Brouer, R. L., & Munyon, T. P. (2012). Political skill in the Organizational sciences.
Fornell, C., & Larker, D. (1981). Structural equation modeling and regression: guidelines for research practice. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. Garcia?Zamor, J. C. (2003). Workplace spirituality and Organizational performance. Public
Geun, H. G., & Park, E. (2019). Influence of emotional intelligence, communication, and Organizational commitment on nursing productivity among Korean nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, 30(2), 226-233.
Goleman, D., & Gurin, J. (Eds.). (1995). Mind Body Medicine: How to use your mind for better health. Consumer Reports Books.
Güleryüz, G., Güney, S., Ayd?n, E. M., & A?an, Ö. (2008). The mediating effect of job satisfaction between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment of nurses: A questionnaire survey. International journal of nursing studies, 45(11), 1625-1635.
Hafeez, U., & Akbar, W. (2015). Impact of training on employees’ performance (Evidence from pharmaceutical companies in Karachi, Pakistan). Business Management and Strategy, 6(1), 49-64.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis 6th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Celsi, M., Ortinau, D. J., & Bush, R. P. (2010). Essentials of Marketing Research 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill/Irwin New York, NY.
Hakim, W. L. N., & Anggraeni, A. I. (2019). The Impact of Emotional Intelligence On Job Outcomes and Its Impact to Turnover Intention. Journal of Research in Management, 2(3).
Harrell?Cook, G., Ferris, G. R., & Dulebohn, J. H. (1999). Political behaviors as moderators of the perceptions of Organizational politics—work outcomes relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(7), 1093-1105.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135.
Hochwarter, W. A., Perrewe, P. L., Ferris, G. R., & Brymer, R. A. (1999). Job satisfaction and performance: The moderating effects of value attainment and affective disposition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(2), 296-313.
Huang, C. C., Lin, S.-H., & Zheng, K. W. (2019). The Relationship among Emotional Intelligence, Social Support, Job Involvement, and Turnover Intention–A Study of Nurses in Taiwan. Journal of Economics and Business, 2(3).
Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D. (2012). Job attitudes. Annual review of psychology, 63, 341-367.
Kacmar, K. M., & Baron, R. A. (1999). Organizational politics: The state of the field, links to related processes, and an agenda for future research.
Kacmar, K. M., & Ferris, G. R. (1991). Perceptions of Organizational politics scale (POPS): Development and construct validation. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51(1), 193-205.
Kanter, R. M. (1968). Commitment and social Organisation: A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities. American Sociological Review, 499-517.
Khalid, J., Khaleel, M., Ali, A. J., & Islam, M. S. (2018). Multiple dimensions of emotional intelligence and their impacts on Organizational commitment and job performance. International Journal of Ethics and Systems.
Khan, N. A., Khan, A. N., & Gul, S. (2019). Relationship between perception of Organizational politics and Organizational citizenship behavior: testing a moderated mediation model. Asian Business & Management, 18(2), 122-141.
Li, M., Pérez-Díaz, P. A., Mao, Y., & Petrides, K. (2018). A multilevel model of teachers’ job performance: Understanding the effects of trait emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, and Organizational trust. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2420.
Malik, M. E., Danish, R. Q., & Ghafoor, M. (2009). Relationship between age, perceptions of Organizational politics and job satisfaction. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(1/2), 23.
Malik, M., Haider, Z., & Hussain, A. (2019). Perceived emotional intelligence, work life balance and job satisfaction among healthcare professionals in Pakistan. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences, 8(2), 80-86.
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence. Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational Implications, 3, 31.
Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2008). Emotional intelligence: New ability or eclectic traits? American Psychologist, 63(6), 503.
Meisler, G., & Vigoda-Gadot, E. (2014). Perceived Organizational politics, emotional intelligence and work outcomes: Empirical exploration of direct and indirect effects. Personnel Review.
Melese, S., & Das, D. P. (2019). the Effects of Organizational Politics and Emotional Intelligence on Affective Commitment.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in The Workplace: Theory, research, and application. Sage publications.
Miller, B. K., Rutherford, M. A., & Kolodinsky, R. W. (2008). Perceptions of Organizational politics: A meta-analysis of outcomes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 22(3), 209-222.
Mintzberg, H. (1985). The Organisation as political arena. Journal of Management Studies, 22(2), 133-154.
Molm, L. D. (1997). Coercive Power in Social Exchange. Cambridge University Press.
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of Organizational commitment. Journal of vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224-247.
Neubauer, A. C., & Freudenthaler, H. H. (2005). Models of Emotional Intelligence. Emotional intelligence: An international handbook, 31-50.
Newman, D. A., Joseph, D. L., & MacCann, C. (2010). Emotional intelligence and job performance: The importance of emotion regulation and emotional labor context. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 3(2), 159-164.
Park, J., & Lee, K.-H. (2020). Organizational politics, work attitudes and performance: the moderating role of age and public service motivation (PSM). International Review of Public Administration, 25(2), 85-105.
Planalp, S., & Fitness, J. (1999). Thinking/feeling about social and personal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 16(6), 731-750.
Planning-Commission. (2011). Analytical review of the PSDP portfolio "public sector development programmes (PSDP)". Islamabad: Planning Commission Division of Government of Pakistan.
Poon, J. M. (2003). Situational antecedents and outcomes of Organizational politics perceptions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(2), 138-155.
Poon, J. M. (2006). Trust?in?supervisor and helping coworkers: Moderating effect of perceived politics. Journal of managerial Psychology.
Prentice, C., Dominique Lopes, S., & Wang, X. (2020). Emotional intelligence or artificial intelligence–an employee perspective. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(4), 377-403.
Ram, P., & Prabhakar, G. V. (2010). Leadership styles and perceived Organizational politics as predictors of work related outcomes. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(1), 40-55.
Ramli, A. H., & Novariani, F. (2020). Emotional Intelligence, Organizational Commitment and Job Performance in the Private Hospital. International Conference on Management, Accounting, and Economy (ICMAE 2020),
Randall, M. L., Cropanzano, R., Bormann, C. A., & Birjulin, A. (1999). Organizational politics and Organizational support as predictors of work attitudes, job performance, and Organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 20(2), 159-174.
Rauf, F., Voinea, C. L., Hashmi, B. A. H., & Fratostiteanu, C. (2020). Moderating effect of political embeddedness on the relationship between resources base and quality of CSR disclosure in China. Sustainability, 12(8), 3323.
Rong, Z., & Cao, G. (2015). A framework for research and practice: Relationship among perception of Organizational politics, perceived Organisation support, Organizational commitment and work engagements. Open Journal of Business and Management, 3(04), 433. Rosenfield (Ed.). Impression Management in the Organisation, pp. 143-170. Hillside, NJ: Erlbaum. Rosenfield (Ed.). Impression management in the Organisation, pp. 143-170. Hillside, NJ: Erlbaum.
Saif, N., Khan, M. T., Shaheen, I., & Bangash, S. A. (2020). Neglected Field of Research Related to Job Insecuirty and Outcomes in Pakistan. City University Research Journal, 10(2).
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211.
Schutte, N. S., Palanisamy, S. K., & McFarlane, J. R. (2016). The relationship between positive psychological characteristics and longer telomeres. Psychology & Health, 31(12), 1466-1480.
Shafiq, M., & Rana, R. A. (2016). Relationship of emotional intelligence to Organizational commitment of college teachers in Pakistan. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 16(62).
Shrestha, A. K., & Baniya, R. (2016). Emotional intelligence and employee outcomes: Moderating role of Organizational politics. Business Perspectives and Research, 4(1), 15-26.
Solinger, O. N., Van Olffen, W., & Roe, R. A. (2008). Beyond the three-component model of Organizational commitment. Journal of applied Psychology, 93(1), 70.
Sony, M., & Mekoth, N. (2016). The relationship between emotional intelligence, frontline employee adaptability, job satisfaction and job performance. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 30, 20-32.
Taboli, H., Ahmadipanah, M., Jalilian, O., Hasani, S. R., Jalilian, H., Jalilian, H., & Tung-Hsing Chiang, S. (2013). Job satisfaction as a mediator in relationship between emotional intelligence, Organizational commitment in employees’ Kerman universities. Life Science Journal, 10(1), 1-10.
Utami, A. F., Bangun, Y. R., & Lantu, D. C. (2014). Understanding the role of emotional intelligence and trust to the relationship between Organizational politics and Organizational commitment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 115, 378-386.
Van der Linden, D., Pekaar, K. A., Bakker, A. B., Schermer, J. A., Vernon, P. A., Dunkel, C. S., & Petrides, K. (2017). Overlap between the general factor of personality and emotional intelligence: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 143(1), 36.
Vigoda, E. (2000). Organizational politics, job attitudes, and work outcomes: Exploration and implications for the public sector. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 57(3), 326-347.
Vigoda?Gadot, E., & Meisler, G. (2010). Emotions in management and the management of emotions: The impact of emotional intelligence and Organizational politics on public sector employees. Public Administration Review, 70(1), 72-86.
Vigoda-Gadot, E., & Vigoda-Gadot, E. M. (2003). Managing collaboration in public administration: the promise of alliance among governance, citizens, and businesses. Greenwood Publishing Group.
Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory. Research in Organizational Behavior, 18(1), 1-74.
Witt, L. A., Andrews, M. C., & Kacmar, K. M. (2000). The role of participation in decision-making in the Organizational politics-job satisfaction relationship. Human Relations, 53(3), 341-358.
Wong, C.-S., & Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. The leadership quarterly, 13(3), 243-274.
In-Text Citation: (Ullah et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Ullah, I., Singh, H., Shah, F. A., & Kakakhel, S. J. (2022). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Commitment; Moderating role of Organizational Politics in Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(5), 362– 381.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
