Employees are an organization's most asset. It will help not only the employees, but also the organizations, if they are satisfied with their workplace and the work itself. Employee happiness is also influenced by their understanding of the company's future. As a result, the purpose of this study is to investigate the link between job satisfaction and five variables: income, coworker, management, type of work, and advancement, all of which contribute to individual happiness. Using simple random selection, data was obtained from 126 respondents at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTEM), a public higher education institution in Malaysia. The data was then extracted using SPSS Version 22.0. According to the data, there is a favorable link between compensation, coworker, management, job type, and advancement. According to the findings, the nature of work and advancement are the most important variables influencing employee happiness, which leads to job satisfaction. Furthermore, the hypothesis test results indicated a strong link between income, coworker, management, kind of job, and promotion. These data may be used to influence policy implementation by human resources or other organizational management in a higher education institution. They might, for example, utilize job happiness (mental well-being) as a predictor of employee actions and then develop recruiting strategies to help sustain employee happiness and satisfaction, therefore assisting in employee retention.
Aalto, A. M., Heponiemi, T., Josefsson, K., Arffman, M., and Elovainio, M. (2018). Social relationshipsin physicians’ work moderate relationship between workload and wellbeing-9-year follow-up study. European Journal of Public Health, 28(5), 798-804. https://doi.org/10.1093/ eurpub/ckx232
Abdelmoula, L., and Boudabbous, S. (2019). Drivers of the Professional Accountants’ Satisfaction in Tunisian Context. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 9(2), 183-197. DOI: 10.6007/IJARAFMS/v9-i2/6167
Abdulwahab S. (2016). The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction, Job Performance and Employee Engagement: An Explorative Study. Issues in Business Management and Economics, 4(1), 1-8. http://dx.doi. org/10.15739/IBME.16.001
Abid, S., & Barech, D. K. (2017). The impact of flexible working hours on the employees’ performance. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 5(7), 450-466.
Abuhashesh, M., Mohammad, S. J., & Khasawneh, M. A. (2019). The attitude of Jordanian customers towards virtual stores. International Journal of Islamic Marketing and Branding, 4(1), 59-75.
Bataineh, A. K. (2019). Impact of work-life balance, happiness at work, on employee
performance. International Business Research, 12(2), 99-112.
Akila, A., & Priyadarshini, R. G. (2018, July). The impact of workplace friendships on organizational commitment and intention to leave. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 390, No. 1, p. 012064). IOP Publishing.
Akwuole, P. C. (2017). Generational age differences and employee motivation in the public sector.
Alaarj, S., & Mohamed, Z. A. (2017). Do knowledge management capabilities reduce the negative effect of environment uncertainties on organizational performance? A study of public listed companies in Malaysia. International Journal of Economic Research.
Asaari, M. H. A. H., Desa, N. M., and Subramaniam, L. (2019). Influence of salary, promotion, and recognition toward work motivation among government trade agency employees. International Journal of Business and Management, 14(4), 48-59. DOI: 10.5539/ijbm.v14n4p48
Chia-Hao, C., & Ting-Ya, H. (2018). The study of employee's job stress, happiness and job
performance-taiwan construction industry company for example. International Journal of Organizational Innovation (Online), 10(3), 126-143.
Coo, C., & Salanova, M. (2018). Mindfulness can make you happy-and-productive: A mindfulness controlled trial and its effects on happiness, work engagement and performance. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(6), 1691-1711.
Diener, E. R., Emmons, R. A., and Larsan, R. J. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Flora, B., Glascock, C., & Knight, H. (2017). Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and
Ethical Climate of Higher Education Administrators in Maryland Colleges and Universities, A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Analysis East Tennes.
Fogaça, N., & Junior, F. A. C. (2016). Is “happy worker” more productive. Management Studies, 4(4), 149-160.
Ghadi, M. Y., & Almanaga'h, K. S. (2020). The role of job crafting in the relationship between empowering leadership and happiness at work: an empirical analysis. Business: Theory and Practice, 21(1), 244-251.
Haar, J., Schmitz, A., Di Fabio, A., & Daellenbach, U. (2019). The role of relationships at work and happiness: A moderated mediation study of New Zealand managers. Sustainability, 11(12), 3443.
Haddad, A., Ameen, A. A., and Mukred, M. (2018). The impact of intention of use on the success of big data adoption via organisation readiness factor. International Journal of Management and Human Science (IJMHS), 2(1), 43-51.
Hee, O. C., Yan, L. H., Rizal, A. M., Kowang, T. O., and Fei, G. C. (2018). Factors influencing employee job satisfaction: A conceptual analysis. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(6), 331-340. DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i6/4207
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and individual differences, 33(7), 1073-1082.
Haar, J., Schmitz, A., Di Fabio, A., & Daellenbach, U. (2019). The role of relationships at work and happiness: A moderated mediation study of New Zealand managers. Sustainability, 11(12), 3443.
Joo, B. K., & Lee, I. (2017, August). Workplace happiness: work engagement, career satisfaction, and subjective well-being. In Evidence-based HRM: A global forum for empirical scholarship. Emerald Publishing Limited.
Judge, T. A., Weiss, H. M., Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., and Hulin, C. L. (2017). Job attitudes, job satisfaction, and job affect: A century of continuity and of change. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 356-374. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000181
Kun, A., & Gadanecz, P. (2019). Workplace happiness, well-being and their relationship with psychological capital: A study of Hungarian Teachers. Current Psychology, 1-15 Mahmud, N., Mustapha, I. S., Adom, N. M., & Abu, N. A. (2021, May). Job Satisfaction Components and Turnover Intention at Selected Automotive Manufacturing Facility in Malaysia. In ICE-BEES 2020: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Economics, Business and Economic Education Science, ICE-BEES 2020, 22-23 July 2020, Semarang, Indonesia (p. 256). European Alliance for Innovation.
Leung, V. T., & Lin, P. M. (2022). The roles of multiple foci of employee commitments and job satisfaction on creative performance: a study of hotel chefs. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 101, 103107.
Malik, W. U., Javed, M., and Hassan, S. T. (2017). Influence of transformational: Leadership components on job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Pakistan Journal of Commerce & Social Sciences, 11(1), 146-165.
Mehrdadi, A., Sadeghian, S., Direkvand-Moghadam, A., & Hashemian, A. (2016). Factors affecting happiness: a cross-sectional study in the Iranian youth. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 10(5), VC01.
Mohammed, A., & Abdul, Q. (2019). Workplace happiness and positivity: Measurement, causes and consequences. International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management, 5(2), 42-48.
Pangarso, A. (2019). Bank’s employee’s happiness factor analysis (A Study in Bank BTN Harmoni Branch, Jakarta, Indonesia). Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 11(3), 750-758.
Pignata, S., Boyd, C. M., Winefield, A. H., and Provis, C. (2017). Interventions: Employees’ Perceptions of What Reduces Stress. BioMed Research International, 2017(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3919080
Ponocny, I. (2020). The Interactive Nature of Happiness at Work: What People Say About Work When They Talk About Life. In The Routledge Companion to Happiness at Work (pp. 98-109). Routledge.
Randstad. (2017). Randstad Employer Brand Research global report. 30. Retrieved from http://www.bollettinoadapt.it/wp-content/ uploads/2017/05/RandstadEmployer-Brand-Research-2017-globalreport.pdf.
Rogala, A., and Cieslak, R. (2019). Positive emotions at work and job crafting: Results from two prospective studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2786.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02786
Salas-Vallina, A., Alegre, J., & Guerrero, R. F. (2018). Happiness at work in knowledge-intensive contexts: Opening the research agenda. European research on management and business economics, 24(3), 149-159.
Salkind, N. J. (2014). Exploring Research. England: Pearson Education.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. john wiley & sons.
Shaffer, M. A., Reiche, B. S., Dimitrova, M., Lazarova, M., Chen, S., Westman, M., and Wurtz, O. (2016). Work and family role adjustment of different types of global professionals: Scale development and validation. Journal of International Business Studies, 47(2), 113-139. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2015.26
Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey. American journal of community psychology, 13(6), 693.
Spector, P. (2008). Industrial and Organisational Psychology. Research and Practice (5th edition.). New York: John Wiley & Sons
Sugandini, D., El Qadri, Z., Kustyadji, G., and Muafi. (2018). Employee engagement in entrepreneurship management: SMEs Cases. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 24(2), 1528-2686.
Thompson, A., & Bruk-Lee, V. (2021). Employee happiness: Why we should care. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 16(4), 1419-1437.
Uchida Y., and Oishi S. (2016). The happiness of individuals and the collective. Japanese Psychological Research, 58(1), 125-141. https:// doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12103
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and Motivation. New York: Wiley.
Walsh, L. C., Boehm, J. K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2018). Does happiness promote career success? Revisiting the evidence. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(2), 199-219.
Wnuk, M. (2017). Organisational conditioning of job satisfaction. A model of job satisfaction. Contemporary Economics, 11(1), 31-44.
In-Text Citation: (Sakarj et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Sakarj, S. R., Thani, A. K. A., Min, N. M. F. b. N., & Ishak, M. A. H. B. (2022). Job Satisfaction and Individual Happiness among Employees: An Emperical Evidence at Public Higher Education Institution. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(6), 1380– 1392.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
