International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences

search-icon

The Role of Pricing and Product Knowledge on Malaysian Consumers’ Green Purchase Intention

Open access
Green consumption has also risen globally to prevent further damages to the environment. Therefore, it is important to understand the intent of consumers to buy environmentally friendly products as the willingness to buy green products will maintain and protect the quality of natural environment, thus contribute to sustainable environmental development. Even though the number of consumers ready to purchase green products has increased in recent years, there is no indication that this trend would increase in Malaysia. As such, to address the limitations and to cope with the green purchase intention issues, this study aims to propose a framework to investigate the relationships between attitudes, subjective norms, perceive behavior control, product knowledge, price and green purchase intention among consumers in Malaysia by application of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model. The modifications to the original TPB structure help to identify potential factors that affect consumers’ willingness to purchase green products. This study employed an online survey and collected 216 questionnaires from Malaysian respondents aged 18 years old and above by using a purposive sampling method. Multiple regression analysis was employed for data analysis. The findings indicated that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and product knowledge have a positive and significant relationship with green purchase intention while price has a negative and significant relationship with green purchase intention. Using the findings of the study, marketers could understand the potential factors that affect consumers’ willingness to purchase green products. The findings of the study can be a guideline for future studies to determine the customers' intentions for environmentally friendly products.
Abutabenjeh, S., & Jaradat, R. (2018). Clarification of research design, research methods, and research methodology: A guide for public administration researchers and practitioners. Teaching Public Administration, 36(3), 237-258.
Acharya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P., & Nigam, A. (2013). Sampling: Why and how of it. Indian Journal of Medical Specialties, 4(2), 330-333.
Afroz, R., Masud, M. M., Akhtar, R., Islam, M. A., & Duasa, J. B. (2015). Consumer purchase intention towards environmentally friendly vehicles: an empirical investigation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(20), 16153-16163.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self?efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314-324.
Ajzen, I., Joyce, N., Sheikh, S., & Cote, N. G. (2011). Knowledge and the prediction of behavior: The role of information accuracy in the theory of planned behavior. Basic and applied social psychology, 33(2), 101-117.
Al-Kumaim, N. H., Shabbir, M. S., Alfarisi, S., Hassan, S. H., Alhazmi, A. K., Hishan, S. S., Al-Shami, S., Gazem, N. A., Mohammed, F., & Abu Al-Rejal, H. M. (2021). Fostering a Clean and Sustainable Environment through Green Product Purchasing Behavior: Insights from Malaysian Consumers’ Perspective. Sustainability, 13(22), 12585.
Al-Suqri, M. N., & Al-Kharusi, R. M. (2015). Ajzen and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action (TRA)(1980). In Information seeking behavior and technology adoption: Theories and trends (pp. 188-204). IGI Global.
Al Mamun, A., Fazal, S. A., Ahmad, G. B., Yaacob, M. R. B., & Mohamad, M. (2018). Willingness to pay for environmentally friendly products among low-income households along coastal peninsular Malaysia. Sustainability, 10(5), 1316.
Al Mamun, A., Mohan, K. M., Nawi, N. C., Masud, M. M., Muniady, R., & Zainol, N. R. (2020a). Environmentally Friendly Business Practices among Low-Income Households in Rural Peninsular Malaysia. Sustainability, 12(18), 7338.
Al Mamun, A., Nawi, N. C., Hayat, N., & Zainol, N. R. B. (2020b). Predicting the Purchase Intention and Behaviour towards Green Skincare Products among Malaysian Consumers. Sustainability, 12(24), 10663.
Alvarez-Risco, A., Mlodzianowska, S., García-Ibarra, V., Rosen, M. A., & Del-Aguila-Arcentales, S. (2021). Factors Affecting Green Entrepreneurship Intentions in Business University Students in COVID-19 Pandemic Times: Case of Ecuador. Sustainability, 13(11), 6447.
Amoako, G. K., Dzogbenuku, R. K., & Abubakari, A. (2020). Do green knowledge and attitude influence the youth's green purchasing? Theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.
Aschemann, & Zielke, S. (2017). Can't buy me green? A review of consumer perceptions of and behavior toward the price of organic food. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 51(1), 211-251.
Asiamah, N., Mensah, H. K., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, target, and accessible population: Demystifying the concepts for effective sampling. The Qualitative Report, 22(6), 1607.
Augustine, A. A., Rindita, A. S., & Muniandy, S. L. (2019). Factors Influencing the Purchase Behaviour of Sustainable Fashion among Millennial Consumers in Kuala Lumpur. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Big Data Technologies,
Banoo, S. (2021). The future economy is green. Retrieved April 23, 2022, from https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/future-economy-green
Bhutto, M. H., Tariq, B., Azhar, S., Ahmed, K., Khuwaja, F. M., & Han, H. (2020). Predicting consumer purchase intention toward hybrid vehicles: testing the moderating role of price sensitivity. European Business Review.
Bloomfield, J., & Fisher, M. J. (2019). Quantitative research design. Journal of the Australasian Rehabilitation Nurses Association, 22(2), 27-30.
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Selected recent advances and applications. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 352.
Briceno, C. E. B., & Santos, F. C. A. (2019). Knowledge management, the missing piece in the 2030 agenda and SDGs puzzle. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.

Brown, M. S., & Kudyba, S. (2014). Transforming unstructured data into useful information. In Big Data, Mining, and Analytics: Components of Strategic Decision Making. Taylor & Francis.
Carfora, V., Cavallo, C., Caso, D., Del Giudice, T., De Devitiis, B., Viscecchia, R., Nardone, G., & Cicia, G. (2019). Explaining consumer purchase behavior for organic milk: Including trust and green self-identity within the theory of planned behavior. Food Quality and Preference, 76, 1-9.
Casalo, L. V., & Escario, J.-J. (2018). Heterogeneity in the association between environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behavior: A multilevel regression approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 175, 155-163
Chan, R. Y. (2001). Determinants of Chinese consumers' green purchase behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 18(4), 389-413.
Chaudhary, R. (2018). Green buying behavior in India: an empirical analysis. Journal of Global Responsibility.
Cheah, I., & Phau, I. (2011). Attitudes towards environmentally friendly products: The influence of ecoliteracy, interpersonal influence and value orientation. Marketing Intelligence & Planning.
Chen, C.-C., Chen, C.-W., & Tung, Y.-C. (2018). Exploring the consumer behavior of intention to purchase green products in belt and road countries: An empirical analysis. Sustainability, 10(3), 854.
Chen, Y. S., & Chang, C. H. (2012). Enhance green purchase intentions. Management Decision.
Choi, D., & Johnson, K. K. (2019). Influences of environmental and hedonic motivations on intention to purchase green products: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 18, 145-155.
Chua, K. B., Quoquab, F., & Mohammad, J. (2019). Factors affecting environmental citizenship behaviour: an empirical investigation in Malaysian paddy industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Cortina, J. M. (1993). What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications. Journal of applied psychology, 78(1), 98.
Dahalan, D., Rahman, H. A., & D’Silva, J. L. (2020). Malaysian Public’s Concern About the Environment During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of a Selected State in Peninsular Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(15), 368-378.
Dangi, N., Gupta, S. K., & Narula, S. A. (2020). Consumer buying behaviour and purchase intention of organic food: a conceptual framework. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal.
Dannels, S. A. (2018). Research design. In The reviewer’s guide to quantitative methods in the social sciences (pp. 402-416). Routledge.
De Canio, F., Martinelli, E., & Endrighi, E. (2021). Enhancing consumers' pro-environmental purchase intentions: the moderating role of environmental concern. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management.
Dhanwani, N., Jainani, K., & Ojha, N. (2020). Green products a myth or worth: An Indian consumer perspective. Int. J. Psychosoc. Rehabil, 24, 18-22.
Durif, F., Boivin, C., & Julien, C. (2010). In search of a green product definition. Innovative Marketing, 6(1), 25-33.
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
Fortune Business Insights. (2021). Green Technology and Sustainability Market Size, Share & Covid 19 Impact Analysis, By Component (Solutions, Services), By Industry (Air and Water Pollution Monitoring, Carbon Footprint Management, Crop Monitoring, Fire Detection, Forest Monitoring, Green Building, Soil Condition/Moisture Monitoring, Sustainable Mining and Exploration, Water Management, Weather Monitoring and Forecasting, and Other), and Regional Forecast, 2021-2028. Retrieved September 10, 2021 from https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/toc/green-technology-and-sustainability-market-102221
Gazzola, P., Del Campo, A. G., & Onyango, V. (2019). Going green vs going smart for sustainable development: Quo vadis? Journal of Cleaner Production, 214, 881-892.
George, D. (2011). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference, 17.0 update, 10/e. Pearson Education India.
Ghazali, E., Soon, P. C., Mutum, D. S., & Nguyen, B. (2017). Health and cosmetics: Investigating consumers’ values for buying organic personal care products. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 39, 154-163.
Ghazali, I., Abdul-Rashid, S. H., Dawal, S. Z. M., Aoyama, H., Sakundarini, N., Ho, F. H., & Herawan, S. G. (2021). Green product preferences considering cultural influences: a comparison study between Malaysia and Indonesia. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal.
Gregory, S., Stevens, M., & Fraser, J. F. (2017). Mechanical circulatory and respiratory support. Academic Press.
Groening, C., Sarkis, J., & Zhu, Q. (2018). Green marketing consumer-level theory review: A compendium of applied theories and further research directions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 1848-1866.
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2010). Pearson Education International; Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: 2010. Multivariate data analysis (7th Ed.)[Google Scholar].
Hair, J., Black, W. C., Babin, B., Anderson, R., & Tatham, R. (2014). Pearson new international edition. Multivariate data analysis, Seventh Edition. Pearson Education Limited Harlow, Essex.
Haj-Salem, N., & Al-Hawari, M. A. (2021). Predictors of recycling behavior: the role of self-conscious emotions. Journal of Social Marketing.
Han, J., Seo, Y., & Ko, E. (2017). Staging luxury experiences for understanding sustainable fashion consumption: A balance theory application. Journal of Business Research, 74, 162-167.
Honkanen, P., & Young, J. A. (2015). What determines British consumers’ motivation to buy sustainable seafood? British Food Journal.
Huang, Y.-C., Yang, M., & Wang, Y.-C. (2014). Effects of green brand on green purchase intention. Marketing Intelligence & Planning.
Illera, J. (2021). From Sustainable to Purposeful Beauty. In-cosmetics Asia Online Conference. Retrieved December 14, 2021 from https://www.workcast.com/?cpak=5036223880242054&pak=9571960929165456
Jahanshahi, A., & Jia, J. (2018). Purchasing green products as a means of expressing consumers’ uniqueness: Empirical evidence from Peru and Bangladesh. Sustainability, 10(11), 4062.

Jaini, A., Quoquab, F., Mohammad, J., & Hussin, N. (2019). “I buy green products, do you…?”: The moderating effect of eWOM on green purchase behavior in Malaysian cosmetics industry. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing.
Joshi, & Rahman, Z. (2015). Factors affecting green purchase behaviour and future research directions. International Strategic management review, 3(1-2), 128-143.
Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale: Explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396.
Kanchanapibul, M., Lacka, E., Wang, X., & Chan, H. K. (2014). An empirical investigation of green purchase behaviour among the young generation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 66, 528-536.
Kashi, A. N. (2019). Green purchase intention: A conceptual model of factors influencing green purchase of Iranian consumers. Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Kaufman, N. (2014). Overcoming the barriers to the market performance of green consumer goods. Resource and Energy Economics, 36(2), 487-507.
Kautish, P., & Sharma, R. (2018). Study on relationships among terminal and instrumental values, environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions for green products. Journal of Indian Business Research.
Ko, S. B., & Jin, B. (2017). Predictors of purchase intention toward green apparel products: A cross-cultural investigation in the USA and China. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal.
Kwon, J., & Ahn, J. (2020). Socio-demographic characteristics and green consumption behavior in developing countries: the case of Malaysia. Social Responsibility Journal, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-02-2020-0071
Lanzini, P., Testa, F., & Iraldo, F. (2016). Factors affecting drivers' willingness to pay for biofuels: the case of Italy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 2684-2692.
Latip, M. S. A., NEWAZ, F. T., LATIP, S. N. N. A., MAY, R. Y. Y., & RAHMAN, A. E. A. (2021). The sustainable purchase intention in a new normal of COVID-19: An empirical study in Malaysia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(5), 951-959.
Le, A. N. H., Tran, M. D., Nguyen, D. P., & Cheng, J. M. S. (2019). Heterogeneity in a dual personal values–dual purchase consequences–green consumption commitment framework. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Lee. J (2022). Managing a tightrope. Retrieved April 23, 2022, from https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2022/02/26/managing-a-tightrope
Ling, C. Y. (2013). Consumers’ purchase intention of green products: An investigation of the drivers and moderating variable. Elixir Marketing Management, 1, 14503-14509.
Liobikiene, G., Mandravickaite, J., & Bernatonien?, J. (2016). Theory of planned behavior approach to understand the green purchasing behavior in the EU: A cross-cultural study. Ecological Economics, 125, 38-46.
Liu, M. T., Liu, Y., & Mo, Z. (2020a). Moral norm is the key An extension of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) on Chinese consumers' green purchase intention. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 32(8), 1823-1841.
Liu, M. T., Liu, Y., & Mo, Z. (2020b). Moral norm is the key: An extension of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) on Chinese consumers' green purchase intention. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Liu, Y., Liu, M. T., Perez, A., Chan, W., Collado, J., & Mo, Z. (2021). The importance of knowledge and trust for ethical fashion consumption. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(5), 1175-1194. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-02-2020-0081
Liu, Y., Sheng, H., Mundorf, N., Redding, C., & Ye, Y. (2017). Integrating norm activation model and theory of planned behavior to understand sustainable transport behavior: Evidence from China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(12), 1593.
Lopes, J. R. N., de Araujo Kalid, R., Rodríguez, J. L. M., & Ávila Filho, S. (2019). A new model for assessing industrial worker behavior regarding energy saving considering the theory of planned behavior, norm activation model and human reliability. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 145, 268-278.
Maichum, K., Parichatnon, S., & Peng, K.-C. (2016). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior model to investigate purchase intention of green products among Thai consumers. Sustainability, 8(10), 1077.
Malay Mail. (2019). WWF-Malaysia says higher demand for sustainable products can help end haze. Retrieved April 17, 2022, from
https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2019/09/24/wwf-malaysia-says-higher-demand-for-sustainable-products-can-end-haze/1793881
Manaktola, K., & Jauhari, V. (2007). Exploring consumer attitude and behaviour towards green practices in the lodging industry in India. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review. Frontiers in public health, 8, 14.
Mansor, T. M. T., Ariff, A. M., Hashim, H. A., & Ngah, A. H. (2021). Whistleblowing intentions among external auditors: an application of the moderated multicomponent model of the theory of planned behaviour. Meditari Accountancy Research.
Markets Research. (2021). Global natural and ORGANIC cosmetics Industry (2020 to 2027) - key market trends and drivers. Retrieved September 10, 2021, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-natural-and-organic-cosmetics-industry-2020-to-2027---key-market-trends-and-drivers-301286622.html
Mo, Z., Liu, M. T., & Liu, Y. (2018). Effects of functional green advertising on self and others. Psychology & Marketing, 35(5), 368-382.
Nguyen, Nguyen, L. H., & Nguyen, H. V. (2019a). Materialistic values and green apparel purchase intention among young Vietnamese consumers. Young Consumers.
Nguyen, Yang, Z., Nguyen, T. T. N., & Cao, T. T. (2019b). Theory of Planned Behavior Approach to Understand the Influence of Green Perceived Risk on Consumers' Green Product Purchase Intentions in an Emerging Country. International Review of Management and Marketing, 9(3), 138.
Nuttavuthisit, K., & Thøgersen, J. (2017). The importance of consumer trust for the emergence of a market for green products: The case of organic food. Journal of business ethics, 140(2), 323-337.
Ogiemwonyi, O., & Harun, A. B. (2020a). Consumption of Green Product as a Means of Expressing Green Behaviour in an Emerging Economy: With the Case Study of Malaysia. Environment and Urbanization ASIA, 11(2), 297-312.
Ogiemwonyi, O., Harun, A. B., Alam, M. N., Karim, A. M., Tabash, M. I., Hossain, M. I., Aziz, S., Abbasi, B. A., & Ojuolape, M. A. (2020b). Green product as a means of expressing green behaviour: A cross-cultural empirical evidence from Malaysia and Nigeria. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 20, 101055.
Ojo, A. O., Raman, M., & Downe, A. G. (2019). Toward green computing practices: A Malaysian study of green belief and attitude among Information Technology professionals. Journal of Cleaner Production, 224, 246-255.
Oliver, J. D., & Lee, S. H. (2010). Hybrid car purchase intentions: a cross?cultural analysis. Journal of consumer marketing.
Onel, N., & Mukherjee, A. (2015). Understanding environmentally sensitive consumer behaviour: an integrative research perspective. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development.
Pal, S. K., & Kumar, D. (2019). A study based on chain ratio-type and chain ratio-ratio-type exponential estimator for estimating the population mean in systematic sampling. Int. J. Agricult. Stat. Sci, 15(2).
Paul, J., Modi, A., & Patel, J. (2016). Predicting green product consumption using theory of planned behavior and reasoned action. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, 123-134.
Polonsky, M. J., Vocino, A., Grau, S. L., Garma, R., & Ferdous, A. S. (2012). The impact of general and carbon-related environmental knowledge on attitudes and behaviour of US consumers. Journal of Marketing Management, 28(3-4), 238-263.
Pomarici, E., Amato, M., & Vecchio, R. (2016). Environmental friendly wines: a consumer segmentation study. Agriculture and agricultural science procedia, 8, 534-541.
Pop, R.-A., S?pl?can, Z., & Alt, M.-A. (2020). Social media goes green—The impact of social media on green cosmetics purchase motivation and intention. Information, 11(9), 447.
Prendergast, G. P., & Tsang, A. S. (2019). Explaining socially responsible consumption. Journal of consumer Marketing.
Pudaruth, S., Juwaheer, T. D., & Seewoo, Y. D. (2015). Gender-based differences in understanding the purchasing patterns of eco-friendly cosmetics and beauty care products in Mauritius: a study of female customers. Social Responsibility Journal.
Qi, X., & Ploeger, A. (2021). An integrated framework to explain consumers’ purchase intentions toward green food in the Chinese context. Food Quality and Preference, 92, 104229.
Quoquab, F., & Mohammad, J. (2019). Green behavior and corporate social responsibility in Asia. Emerald Publishing Bingley.
Quoquab, F., Thurasamy, R., & Mohammad, J. (2017). Driving green consumerism through strategic sustainability marketing. IGI Global.
Rahardjo, F. A. (2015). The roles of green perceived value, green perceived risk, and green trust towards green purchase intention of inverter air conditioner in Surabaya. iBuss Management, 3(2).
Rahi, S. (2017). Research design and methods: A systematic review of research paradigms, sampling issues and instruments development. International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 6(2), 1-5.
Rahim, R. A., Sulaiman, Z., Chin, T. A., Baharun, R., & Muharam, F. M. (2016). Measuring electronic word of mouth review adoption on green purchase intention using source credibility theory. Advanced Science Letters, 22(12), 4283-4287.
Rana, J., & Paul, J. (2017). Consumer behavior and purchase intention for organic food: A review and research agenda. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 38, 157-165.
Rashid, N. (2009). Awareness of eco-label in Malaysia’s green marketing initiative. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(8), 132-141.
Ray, S. K., & Sahney, S. (2018). Indian consumers’ risk perception in buying green products: the case of LED light bulbs. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Rogers, K. (2021). The CEO Imperative: Make sustainability accessible to the consumer. Retrieved April 23, 2022, from file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/Downloads/ey-make-sustainability-accessible-to-the-consumer-june-2021%20(1).pdf
Statistics. (2022). Retrieved April 24, 2022, from https://www.myhijau.my/statistics/
Schniederjans, D. G., & Starkey, C. M. (2014). Intention and willingness to pay for green freight transportation: An empirical examination. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 31, 116-125.
Showkat, N., & Parveen, H. (2017). Non-probability and probability sampling. Media and Communications Study, 1-9.
Sileyew, K. J. (2019). Research design and methodology. In Cyberspace. IntechOpen.
Singh, R. L., & Singh, P. K. (2017). Global environmental problems. In Principles and applications of environmental biotechnology for a sustainable future (pp. 13-41). Springer.
Singhal, A., & Malik, G. (2018). The attitude and purchasing of female consumers towards green marketing related to cosmetic industry. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-11-2017-0063
Sobuj, M., Khan, A. M., Habib, M. A., & Islam, M. M. (2021). Factors influencing eco-friendly apparel purchase behavior of Bangladeshi young consumers: case study. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel.
Suki, N. M. (2016). Green product purchase intention: impact of green brands, attitude, and knowledge. British Food Journal.
Sun, Y., & Wang, S. (2019). Understanding consumers’ intentions to purchase green products in the social media marketing context. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Suryanda, A., Sigit, D. V., & Safitri, H. (2021). Relationship between environmental pollution knowledge and green purchase intention of students. AIP Conference Proceedings.
Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Pearson Boston, MA.
Taber, K. S. (2018). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in science education, 48(6), 1273-1296.
Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling methods in research methodology; how to choose a sampling technique for research. How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research (April 10, 2016).
Tan, B.-C. (2011). The role of perceived consumer effectiveness on value-attitude-behaviour model in green buying behaviour context. Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 5(12), 1766-1771.
Tan, C.-S., Ooi, H.-Y., & Goh, Y.-N. (2017). A moral extension of the theory of planned behavior to predict consumers’ purchase intention for energy-efficient household appliances in Malaysia. Energy Policy, 107, 459-471.
Tan, C. N. L., Ojo, A. O., & Thurasamy, R. (2019). Determinants of green product buying decision among young consumers in Malaysia. Young Consumers.
Tan, W.-L., & Goh, Y.-N. (2018). The role of psychological factors in influencing consumer purchase intention towards green residential building. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis.
Tanwir, N. S., & Hamzah, M. I. (2020). Predicting purchase intention of hybrid electric vehicles: Evidence from an emerging economy. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 11(2), 35.
Taufique, K. M. R., & Islam, S. (2021). Green marketing in emerging Asia: antecedents of green consumer behavior among younger millennials. Journal of Asia Business Studies, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-03-2020-0094
The Nielsen Global Survey. (2015), “Sustainability continues to gain momentum among Malaysian consumers”, Retrieved September 10, 2021, from www.nielsen.com/my/en/insights/news/2015/sustainability-continues-gainingmomentum-among-malaysians.html
Thøgersen, J., de Barcellos, M. D., Perin, M. G., & Zhou, Y. (2015). Consumer buying motives and attitudes towards organic food in two emerging markets: China and Brazil. International Marketing Review.
Trigueros, R., Juan, M., & Sandoval, F. (2017). Qualitative and quantitative research instruments: Research tools. Handbook of research methods and applications in political science, 341-342.
Troudi, H., & Bouyoucef, D. (2020). Predicting purchasing behavior of green food in Algerian context. EuroMed Journal of Business.
Tsay, Y.-Y. (2009). The impacts of economic crisis on green consumption in Taiwan. PICMET'09-2009 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology,
United Nations. (n.d.). Sustainable consumption and Production – United Nations sustainable development. United Nations. Retrieved September 10, 2021, from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-consumption-production/.
Ursachi, G., Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). How reliable are measurement scales? External factors with indirect influence on reliability estimators. Procedia Economics and Finance, 20, 679-686.
Van Doorn, J., & Verhoef, P. C. (2015). Drivers of and barriers to organic purchase behavior. Journal of Retailing, 91(3), 436-450.
Varah, F., Mahongnao, M., Pani, B., & Khamrang, S. (2021). Exploring young consumers’ intention toward green products: applying an extended theory of planned behavior. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(6), 9181-9195.
Vazifehdoust, H., Taleghani, M., Esmaeilpour, F., & Nazari, K. (2013). Purchasing green to become greener: Factors influence consumers’ green purchasing behavior. Management Science Letters, 3(9), 2489-2500.
Vehovar, V., Toepoel, V., & Steinmetz, S. (2016). Non-probability sampling. The Sage handbook of survey methods, 329-345.
Vogt, W. P. (2011). SAGE quantitative research methods. Sage.
Wang, Wang, S., Wang, Y., Li, J., & Zhao, D. (2018). Extending the theory of planned behavior to understand consumers’ intentions to visit green hotels in the Chinese context. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Wang, Wong, P. P. W., & Alagas, E. N. (2020). Antecedents of green purchase behaviour: an examination of altruism and environmental knowledge. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research.
Wang, H., Ma, B., Bai, R., & Zhang, L. (2021). The unexpected effect of frugality on green purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59, 102385.
Wang, S.-T. (2014). Consumer characteristics and social influence factors on green purchasing intentions. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 32(7), 738-753.
https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-12-2012-0146
Wang, S., Lin, S., & Li, J. (2018). Exploring the effects of non-cognitive and emotional factors on household electricity saving behavior. Energy Policy, 115, 171-180.
Wang, Z., Zhang, B., & Li, G. (2014). Determinants of energy-saving behavioral intention among residents in Beijing: Extending the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 6(5), 053127.
Waris, I., & Hameed, I. (2020). An empirical study of consumers intention to purchase energy efficient appliances. Social Responsibility Journal.
Wijekoon, R., & Sabri, M. F. (2021). Determinants That Influence Green Product Purchase Intention and Behavior: A Literature Review and Guiding Framework. Sustainability, 13(11), 6219.
Wilson, N., Theodorus, E., & Tan, P. (2018). Analysis of factors influencing green purchase behavior: A case study of the cosmetics industry in Indonesia. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni, 2(1), 453-464
WWF. (2020). Living Planet Report 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2021 https://livingplanet.panda.org/en-us/
Xu, X., Hua, Y., Wang, S., & Xu, G. (2020). Determinants of consumer’s intention to purchase authentic green furniture. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 156, 104721.
Xu, X., Maki, A., Chen, C.-f., Dong, B., & Day, J. K. (2017). Investigating willingness to save energy and communication about energy use in the American workplace with the attitude-behavior-context model. Energy research & social science, 32, 13-22.
Yadav, R., & Pathak, G. S. (2017). Determinants of consumers' green purchase behavior in a developing nation: Applying and extending the theory of planned behavior. Ecological Economics, 134, 114-122.
Yen, G.-F., Wang, R.-Y., & Yang, H.-T. (2017). How consumer mindsets in ethnic Chinese societies affect the intention to buy Fair Trade products. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics.
Yusof, M. I. B. M., & Ariffin, M. (2020). A journey towards sustainability: a review on sustainable development implementation in Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of marketing, 52(3), 2-22.
Zhang, L., Fan, Y., Zhang, W., & Zhang, S. (2019). Extending the theory of planned behavior to explain the effects of cognitive factors across different kinds of green products. Sustainability, 11(15), 4222.
Zhao, L., Tian, L., Cai, T., Claggett, B., & Wei, L.-J. (2013). Effectively selecting a target population for a future comparative study. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 108(502), 527-539.
Zhao, R., & Zhong, S. (2015). Carbon labelling influences on consumers’ behaviour: A system dynamics approach. Ecological indicators, 51, 98-106.
Zhuang, W., Luo, X., & Riaz, M. U. (2021). On the Factors Influencing Green Purchase Intention: A Meta-Analysis Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1074.
Zinkernagel, R., Evans, J., & Neij, L. (2018). Applying the SDGs to cities: business as usual or a new dawn? Sustainability, 10(9), 3201.
Zollo, L., Carranza, R., Faraoni, M., Diaz, E., & Martin-Consuegra, D. (2021). What influences consumers’ intention to purchase organic personal care products? The role of social reassurance. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 60, 102432.
Zsoka, A., Szerenyi, Z. M., Szechy, A., & Kocsis, T. (2013). Greening due to environmental education? Environmental knowledge, attitudes, consumer behavior and everyday pro-environmental activities of Hungarian high school and university students. Journal of Cleaner Production, 48, 126-138.
In-Text Citation: (Wei et al., 2022)
To Cite this Article: Wei, L. S., Chin, T. A., Masod, A., & Mohamad, N. S. (2022). The Role of Pricing and Product Knowledge on Malaysian Consumers’ Green Purchase Intention. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 12(7), 1688 – 1721.