This paper looks at the issue of value congruence as being a key driver of fit among persons and the organizations they work for in the context of construction industry in Malaysia. In construction industry many parties have been identified as stakeholders and these abundant and diverse stakeholders do need to be managed based on this fact that, success in construction projects is significantly dependent on meeting the needs of project stakeholders. According to this issue in the construction industry, the importance of embracing Personal-Organizational fit (P-O fit) which mostly emphasizes on values and known as value congruence is revealed, due to its function for creating compatibility between individual values and organizational values. Recently, the concept of value congruence has attracted many scholars, especially in the field of Organizational Behaviour (OB). Although the literature of OB regarding value congruence indicates a disarray according to several theories and methodologies but affirms the positive outcomes of this construct on some individual variables related to work environment like; organizational commitment, job satisfaction and organizational identification. The aim of the current paper is to critically review and conceptualization of P-O fit, value and value congruence concepts toward the construction industry, specifically in Malaysia.
Adkins, C. L., Ravlin, E. C., & Meglino, B. M. (1996). Value congruence between co-workers and its relationship to work outcomes. Group & Organization Management, 21(4), 439-460.
Allport, G. W. (1961). Pattern and Growth in Personality (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1961). Erikson, Identity, Youth and Crisis, 139-140.
Allport, G. W., & Vernon, P. E. (1931). A study of values. Cambridge, MA: Houghton-Mifflin Co.
Amos, E.A., & Weathington, B.L. (2008). An Analysis of the Relation Between Employee- Organization Value Congruence and Employee Attitudes. Journal of Psychology, Vol.142, No.6, pp.615-631.
Aronoff, J., & Wilson, J. P. (1985). Personality in the social process. L. Erlbaum Associates.
Arthur, W. JR., Bell, ST, Villado, AJ, & Doverspike, D.(2006). The Use of Person–Organization Fit in Employment Decision Making: An Assessment of Its Criterion-Related Validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(4), 786-801.
Berings, D., De Fruyt, F., & Bouwen, R. (2004). Work values and personality traits as predictors of enterprising and social vocational interests. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(2), 349-364.
Bowen, D. E., Ledford, G. E., & Nathan, B. R. (1991). Hiring for the organization, not the job. The Academy of Management Executive, 5(4), 35-51.
Bretz, R. D., & Judge, T. A. (1994b). The role of human resource systems in job applicant decision processes. Journal of Management, 20: 531-551.
Bretz, R. D. Jr., Ash, R. A., & Dreher, G. F. (1989). Do people make the place? An examination of the attraction-selection-attrition hypothesis. Personnel Psychology, 42, 561-581.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2009). Leader–follower values congruence: Are socialized charismatic leaders better able to achieve it?. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(2), 478.
Brumann, C. (2002). On culture and symbols. Current Anthropology, 43, 509-511.
Burke R.J., & Descza E. (1982). Preferred organizational climates of type individuals. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 21, 50-59.
Cable, D. M., & De Rue, D. S. (2002). The convergent and discriminant validity of subjective fit perceptions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 875-884.
Cable, D. M., & Edwards, J. R. (2004). Complementary and supplementary fit: A theoretical and empirical integration. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 822-834.
Cable, D.M. & Judge, J.A. (1994). Pay preferences and job search decisions: A person-organization fit perspective. Personnel Psychology, 7, 317-348.
Cable, D. M., & Judge, T. A. (1996). Person-organization fit, job choice decisions, and organizational entry. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 67(3), 294-311.
Cable, D. M., & Judge, T. A. (1997). Applicant personality, organizational culture, and organizational attraction. Personnel Psychology. Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 359-394.
Chatman, J.A. (1989). Improving interactional organizational research: A model of person- organization fit. Academy of Management Review, 14 (3), 333-349.
Chatman, J. A. (1991). Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in public accounting firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 459-484.
CIDB, 2010. (2010). Annual Report. Malaysia: Construction Industry Development Board, Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia, 2010. CIDB International project database [online]. Available from: http://apps.cidb.gov.my/international/contractor andcountry.aspx (December 18, 2010).
Dawis, R. V., & Lofquist, L. H. (1984). A psychological theory of work adjustment. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
De Clerq, S., Fontaine, J.R.J. & Anseel, F. (2008). In Search of a Comprehensive Value Model for Assessing Supplementary Person-Organization Fit. Journal of Psychology, Vol.142, No.3, pp.277-302.
Edwards, J. R. (1991). Person-job fit: A conceptual integration, literature review, and methodological critique. In C. L. Cooper & I. T. Robertson (Eds.), International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Vol. 6, pp. 283-357), John Wiley and Sons Ltd.
Edwards, J. R. (1996). An examination of competing versions of the person- environment fit approach to stress. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 292-339.
Edwards, J.R. & Cable, D.M. (2009). The Value of Value Congruence. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.94, No.3, pp.654-677.
Edwards, J. R., & Rothbard, N. P. (1999). Work and family stress and well-being: An examination of person-environment fit in the work and family domains. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 77, 85-129.
Elizur, D., & Sagie, A. (1999). Facets of personal values: A structural analysis of life and work values. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48, 73-87.
Endler, N. S., & Magnusson, D. (1976). Interactional psychology and personality. New York: Wiley.
Erdogan, B., & Bauer, T. N. (2005). Enhancing career benefits of employee proactive personality: The role of fit with jobs and organizations. Personnel Psychology, Vol. 58, No. 4, pp. 859-891.
Feij, J. A., Van Der Velde, M. E. G., Taris, R., & Taris, T. W. (1999). The development of person-vocation fit: A longitudinal study among young employees. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 7(1), 12-25.
Finegan, J. E. (2000). The impact of person and organizational values on organizational commitment. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 73(2): 149-169.
French, J.R.P., Rogers, W., & Cobb, S. Adjustment as person-environment fit. In G.V. Coelko, D.A. Hamburg, and J.E. Adams (Eds), Coping and adaptation. New York: Basic Books, 1974.
Furnham, A., Petrides, K. V., Tsaousis, I., Pappas, K., & Garrod, D. (2005). A cross-cultural investigation into the relationships between personality traits and work values. Journal of Psychology, 139, 5-32.
Grafstein, R. (2002). The political economy of post materialism: Material explanations of changing values. Economics and Politics, 14, 163-190.
Hoffman, B. J., & Woehr, D. J. (2006). A quantitative review of the relationship between person– organization fit and behavioural outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, Vol. 68, pp. 389-399.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work related values. Beverly-Hills, CA: Sage.
Holland, J. L. (1973). Making vocational choices: A theory of career. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Holland, J. L. (1997). Making vocational choices. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Ivancevich, J.M. & Matteson, M.T. (1984). A type A-B person-work environment interaction model for examining occupational stress and consequences. Human Relations, 37, 491-513.
Judge, T.A., & Bretz, R.D. Jr. (1992). Effects of work values on job choice decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 261-271.
Judge, T. A., & Cable, D. M. (1997). Applicant personality, organizational culture, and organizational attraction. Personnel Psychology, 50, 359-393.
Judge, T. A., & Ferris, G. R. (1992). The elusive criterion of fit in human resource staffing decisions. Human Resource Planning, 15(4), 47-67.
Kopelman, R. E., Rovenpor, J. L., & Guan, M. (2003). The Study of Values: Construction of the fourth edition. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 62, 203-220.
Kristof, A. L. (1996). Person-organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement, and implications. Personnel Psychology, 49, 1-49.
Kristof-Brown, A. L. (2000). Perceived applicant fit: Distinguishing between recruiters’ perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit. Personnel Psychology, 53, 643-671.
Kristof-Brown, A. L., Jansen, K. J., & Colbert, A. E. (2002). A policy-capturing study of the simultaneous effects of fit with jobs, groups, and organizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(5), 985-993.
Kristof-Brown, A. L., Zimmerman, R. D., & Johnson, E. C. (2005). Consequences of individuals’ fit at work: A meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group, and person- supervisor fit. Personnel Psychology, 58, 281-342.
Lauver, K. J., & Kristof-Brown, A. (2001). Distinguishing between employees’ perceptions of person-job fit and person-organization fit. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 59, 454-470.
Lewin, K. (1935). Dynamic theory of personality. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York: Harper. Lin,
Magnusson, D., & Endler, N. S. (Eds.). (1977). Personality at the crossroads: Current issues in interactional psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Meglino, B. M., & Ravlin, E. C. (1998). Individual values in organizations: Concepts, controversies, and research. Journal of Management, 24, 351-389.
Meglino, B. M., Ravlin, E. C., & Adkins, C. L. (1989). A work values approach to corporate culture: A field test of the value congruence process and its relationship to individual outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 74, No. 3, pp. 424-432.
Muchinsky, P.M. & Monahan, C.J. (1987). What is Person-Environment Congruence? Supplementary versus Complementary Models of Fit. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, Vol.31, pp.268-277.
Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. Nisbett, R., & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of human judgment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Nord, W. R., A. P., Brief, J. M. Atieh, & E. M. Doherty (1990). Studying meaning of work: The case of work values, in A. P. Brief and W. R. Nord (eds.), Meanings of occupational work (pp. 21-64). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
O’Reilly, C.A., Chatman, J. & Caldwell, D.F. (1991). People and Organizational Culture: A Profile Comparison Approach to Assessing Person-Organization Fit. Academy of Management Journal, Vol.34, No.3, pp.487-516.
Peppas, S. C. (2004). US core values: A Chinese perspective. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 24(6), 58-75.
Pervin, L. A. (1989). Persons, situations, interactions: The history of a controversy and a discussion of theoretical models. Academy of Management Review, 14, 350-360.
Pervin, L. A., & Lewis, M. (Eds.). (1978). Perspectives in interactional psychology. New York: Plenum.
Posner, B.Z. (1992). Person-Organization Values Congruence: No Support for Individual Differences as a Moderating Influence. Human Relations, Vol.45, pp.351-361.
Ravlin, E. C., & Ritchie, C. M. (2006). Perceived and actual organizational fit: Multiple influences on attitudes. Journal of Managerial Issues, 18(2): 175-192.
Roe, R. A., & Ester, P. (1999). Values and work: Empirical findings and theoretical perspective. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48, 1-21.
Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. New York: The Free Press.
Ros, M., Schwartz, S. H., & Surkis, S. (1999). Basic individual values, work values, and the meaning of work. Applied Psychology: An international review, 48 (1), 49-71.
Rottinghaus, P. J., & Zytowski, D. G. (2006). Commonalities between adolescents’ work values and interests. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 38, 211-221.
Rounds, J. B., R. V. Dawis, & L. H. Lofquist (1987). Measurement of person-environment fit and prediction of satisfaction in the theory of work adjustment. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 31, pp. 97-318.
Rousseau, D. M. (1990). Assessing organizational culture: The case for multiple methods. In B. Schneider (Ed.), Organizational climate and culture (pp. 153-192). San Francisco – Oxford: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Rynes, S. L., & Gerhart, B. (1990). Interviewer assessments of applicant “fit”: An exploratory investigation. Personnel Psychology, 43, 13-35.
Saks, A. M., & Ashforth, B. E. (1997). A longitudinal investigation of the relationships between job information sources, applicant perceptions of fit, and work outcomes. Personnel Psychology, 50, 395-426.
Saks, A.M. & Ashforth, B.E. (2002). Is Job Search Related to Employment Quality? It All Depends on the Fit. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.87, No.4, pp.646-654.
Schmitt, N., & Borman, W. C. (Eds.). (1993). Personnel selection in organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schneider, B. (1987). The people make the place. Personnel Psychology, 40, 437-454.
Schneider, B. (2001). Fits about fit. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50, 141-152.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 1-65). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
Schwartz, S. H., & Bilsky, W. (1987). Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 550-562.
Schwartz, S. H., & Bilsky, W. (1990). Toward a theory of the universal content and structure of values: Extensions and cross-cultural replications. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 878-891.
Schwartz, S. H., & Boehnke, K. (2004). Evaluating the structure of human values with confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 230-255.
Schwartz, S. H., & Sagiv, L. (1995). Identifying culture-specifics in the content and structure of values. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 26, 92-116.
Sells, S.B. (1963). An interactionist looks at the environment. American Psychologist, 696-702.
Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 52, 129-148.
Super, D. E., & Sverko, B. (Eds.). (1995). Life roles, values, and careers: International findings of the Work Importance Study. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Thomson, D.S., & Austin, S.A., et al. (2003). Managing Value and Quality in Design. Building Research & Information, Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 334-345.
Turban, D. B., & Keon, T. L. (1993). Organizational attractiveness: an interactionist perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 184-193.
Ucanok, B. (2009). The Effects of Work Values, Work-Value Congruence and Work Centrality on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. International Journal of Behavioural, Cognitive, Educational and Psychological Sciences, Vol.1, No.1, pp.1-14.
Vancouver, J.B., Millsap, R.E., & Peters, P.A. (1994). Multilevel analysis organizational goal congruence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 795, 666–679.
Vancouver, J. B., & Schmitt, N. W. (1991). An expletory examination of person- organization fit: Organizational goal congruence. Personnel Psychology, 44, 333-352.
Verquer, M. L., Beehr, T. A., & Wagner, S. H. (2003). A meta-analysis of relations between person-organization fit and work attitudes. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 63, 473-489.
Walsh, W. B., Craik, K. H., & Price, R. H. (Eds.). (2000). Person-environment psychology: Models and perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Werbel, J. D., & Gilliland, S. W. (1999). Person-environment fit in the selection process. In G. R. Ferris (Ed.), Research in personnel and human resource management (Vol. 17, pp. 209-243). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
Copyright: © 2014 The Author(s)
Published by Human Resource Management Academic Research Society (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode