There are increase number of orphanages in Malaysia either under government or private institution. However, there has been lack of attention on community-based social support given to orphans throughout the years. It is important to recognize the importance roles of nations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to orphans especially who stay at orphanages. Therefore, this study aims to focus on developing the “KAMICAKNA” module according to community-based social support for orphans. The past literatures showed that “KAMICAKNA” module should comprise of (i) family support, (ii) welfare support, (iii) psychological support, (iv) motivation support and (v) NGO support. This module can be useful for government agencies and policymakers to support the Malaysian government’s aims to ensure the well-being of children as the nation builders of the future. Besides, this module will assist to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 10 in reducing inequalities within a country.
Abiddin, N. Z., Ibrahim, I., & Abdul Aziz, S. A. (2022). Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and Their Part towards Sustainable Community Development. Sustainability, 14(8), 4386.
Ahmad, N. N. (2021). Identification of the Elements of Social Well-being Index for Orphans and Vulnerable Adolescents through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Global Business & Management Research, 13.
Ahmad, N. N., & Jamil, N. N. (2021). Quality of Education Provision for Orphans and Vulnerable Adolescents in The Time of Covid-19 at Orphanages, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(8), 605–611.
Ahmad, J., Ahmad, A. R., Malek, J. A., & Ahmad, N. A. I. L. (2018). Social Support and Social Participation among Urban Community in Malaysia. International Journal Academic Research Business Social Sciences, 8, 418-428.
Akimanimpaye, F. (2021). Developing strategies to improve support for grandparents caring for aids orphans in the western cape.
Asif, A. (2017). Self-esteem and depression among orphan and non-orphan children. Med Crave Group LLC. 9(3), 246-251.
Andersen, H. E., Hoeck, B., Nielsen, D. S., Ryg, J., & Delmar, C. (2020). Caring responsibility from the perspectives of older persons whose adult children are their caregivers. International Journal of Older People Nursing, 15(4), e12335.
Azlini, C., Siti Hajar, A. R., & Lukman, Z. M. (2021). Classification Profile and Registration Status of Care Institutions of Orphans and Poor Children in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(8), 1541–1549.
Balijon, M. B., & Abulon, E. L. R. (2022). Case Studies of Highly Intelligent College Students: Framework for Counseling Intervention. European Journal of Education Studies, 9(4).
Bennell, P. (2021). The educational attainment of orphans in high HIV countries in sub-Saharan Africa: An update. International Journal of Educational Development, 82, 102358.
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological bulletin, 117(3), 497.
Esa, S. A. M. A. S. (2021). Social-Emotional Development and Perceived Social Support of Orphans during COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: A Concept Paper. International Journal of Social Policy and Society (IJSPS).
Foster, G., Makufa, C., Drew, R., Kambeu, S., & Saurombe, K. (1996). Supporting children in need through a community-based orphan visiting programme. AIDS care, 8(4), 389-404.
Frimpong-Manso, K. (2021). Funding orphanages on donations and gifts: Implications for orphans in Ghana. New Ideas in Psychology, 60, 100835.
Garba, K. A., & Yakubu, A. (2022). Afterlife as Motivation for Later Life Education among Elderly Women: Evidence from Bauchi Emirate North-Eastern Nigeria. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 119-134.
Hailegiorgis, M. T., Berheto, T. M., Sibamo, E. L., Asseffa, N. A., Tesfa, G., & Birhanu, F. (2018). Psychological wellbeing of children at public primary schools in Jimma town: An orphan and non-orphan comparative study. PloS one, 13(4), e0195377.
Kalomo, E. N., Jun, J. S., & Lee, K. H. (2022). The impact of depressive symptoms and social support on resilience among older adult caregivers. Health Care for Women International, 1-17.
Le, B. M., & Impett, E. A. (2015). The rewards of caregiving for communally motivated parents. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(7), 758-765.
Leary, M. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 32, pp. 1-62). Academic Press.
Madzin, H., Khadijah, S., Khambari, M. N. M., & Yaacob, (2020) A. It Skills Among Marginalise Community: The Case of Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in Malaysia. Media Matters, 4, 40-52.
Mohammadzadeh, M., Awang, H., Ismail, S., & Shahar, K. H. (2019). Improving emotional health and self-esteem of Malaysian adolescents living in orphanages through Life Skills Education program: A multi-centre randomized control trial. PloS one, 14(12), e0226333.
Mokgatle-Nthabu, M. (2013). Education and well-being of orphans living in child and youth headed families in rural North-West Province. Child Abuse Research in South Africa, 14(2), 8-18.
Md-Yunus, S. (2017). Development of Well-being in children raised by grandparents. Child Research Net. 90.
Nyathi, V. S. (2022). Equipping Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) With Life Skills Education. In Provision of Psychosocial Support and Education of Vulnerable Children (pp. 47-71). IGI Global.
OrphanCare. (2022). The problem. http://orphancare.org.my/our-work/deinstitutionalisation/the-problem/
Osman, M. M., Bakri, N. I. M., Bachok, S., Ibrahim, M., & Mohamed, M. Z. (2015). Assessing social welfare department service delivery system towards vulnerable and disadvantages group in Malaysia: case study of Perak. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 28, 418-426.
Ouedraogo, E. P., Muriithi, J. K., & Ntarangwe, M. (2022). Level Of Psychological Wellbeing Of Institutionalized Children In Guiloungou Centre, Burkina Faso. development, 15, 7.
Dehkordi, R. F., Eslami, A. A., Alavijeh, Z. F., & Matlabi, H. (2021). Gerotranscendence and active aging: The lived experience. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging, 33(3), 271-297.
Sadho, R. (2015). How Malaysia’s OrphanCARE is making sure dumped babies don’t end up dead (Publication no. http://says.com/my/news/orphancare-foundation-malaysiahope-for-abandoned-babies). from SAYS.
Sahad, S. M., Mohamad, Z., & Shukri, M. (2018). Differences of mental health among orphan and non-orphan adolescents. International Journal of Academic Research in Psychology, 5(1), 556-65
Shukla, B., & Shukla, D. (2011). Study to Assess Physical Health Status of Children at Selected Orphanage in Salem, Chennai India. IARS'International Research Journal, 1(2).
Sofian, M. R., Arffin, S., & Yasir, A. (2013). Orphanage welfare and care centre as integration with community. Arts and Design Studies, 13, 31-38.
Tanga, P. T. (2013). The impact of the declining extended family support system on the education of orphans in Lesotho. African Journal of AIDS Research, 12(3), 173-183.
Thestar. (2021). Over 4,600 children orphaned due to Covid-19. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2021/10/10/over-4600-children-orphaned-due-to-covid-19
Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Palacios, J., Sonuga?Barke, E. J., Gunnar, M. R., Vorria, P., McCall, R. B., & Juffer, F. (2011). I. Children in institutional care: Delayed development and resilience. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 76(4), 8-30.
In-Text Citation: (Ahmad & Mohamed, 2022)
To Cite this Article: Ahmad, N. N., & Mohamed, Z. S. S. (2022). Developing “Kamicakna” Module Based on Community-Based Social Support for Orphans. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(10), 2848– 2854.
Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
