Reasons for the Occurrence of Hadith and their Role in the Jurisprudence of Hadith and its Guidance

The science of reasons for the occurrence of hadith delves into the traditions (hadiths) that have a specified reason, story, or emerged from the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) under certain circumstances and contexts. It examines their collection, elucidates the reason for their occurrence, discusses the circumstances surrounding them, determines whether they are specific incidents or general regulations, and clarifies their impact on understanding the Sunnah. This research addresses this topic, highlighting the problem of certain hadiths that may be difficult to understand for many Muslims, especially those unfamiliar with the science of reasons for the occurrence of hadith. Addressing this challenge involves elucidating the reasons, circumstances, and contexts in which the hadith was revealed, aiding in its proper interpretation. This research does so after outlining the features of this science. The research aims to clarify the concept of the reasons for the occurrence of hadith, the reasons for their narration, the distinction between them, the scholars' methods in understanding the reasons for the occurrence of hadith, and the relationship between knowing these reasons and guiding the hadith. The researcher follows an inductive approach to highlight the significance of this science according to scholars' statements, a historical approach to trace the development of this science, and a deductive approach to deduce the principles and rules used to understand the reasons for the occurrence of hadith, distinguishing those that affect making the hadith a specific incident with no general ruling from those that do not. Among the key findings of the research are: The essence of texts lies in the generality of words, not specificity to a reason or occurrence, unless they specify meaning or action; knowing the reasons for the occurrence of hadith is necessary for scholars to deduce Sharia rulings from them; a companion narrating a hadith based on an incident implies that the hadith has a general ruling and is not specific to particular incidents, at least in the opinion of that companion's school of thought; and if the reason for the occurrence of the hadith indicates specificity or that it pertains to specific incidents, it0020does not have a general ruling.