Most studies on distributed leadership focus on the commitment, competence and motivation of teachers in schools. There is a lack of research focusing on the relationship between distributive leadership and teacher job satisfaction in Malaysia. Therefore, this study examines in greater depth the relationship between the practice of distributive leadership by principals and teachers' job satisfaction in schools. The results of the study can assist school principals in determining whether distributive leadership is the best practice for teacher job satisfaction. A survey on various age groups of teachers in Pasir Mas district has been conducted using a questionnaire as a tool to collect data. A five-point Likert scale was used to assess the dimensions of distributive leadership demonstrated by their principals and subsequently, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was utilized to analyze the data. The study found a positive and significant correlation between the principal's distributive leadership practices and teachers' job satisfaction in schools. In addition, distributive leadership is among the best leadership practices that principals can use to lead schools. The practice of distributive leadership plays an important role in achieving job satisfaction among teachers in order to reach organizational goals. Three implications of the study are explained, namely regarding theory, educational institutions and school principals. Lastly, among the suggestions for future research is to increase the sample size within a larger population and to adopt a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative research.
Beng, C. L. (2018). Kepimpinan distributif guru besar, sikap, pengetahuan dan kemahiran pedagogi guru dalam pelaksanaan perubahan Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR) di Sekolah-Sekolah SJK(C) Negeri Perak [Doctoral Dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia]. Universiti Sains Malaysia Research Repository. http://eprints.usm.my/43885/1/CHEW%20LAW%20BENG.pdf
Che Omar, N., & Mohd Hamzah, M. (2020). Pengaruh Kepimpinan Distributif Guru Besar Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Guru. International Journal Of Education And Pedagogy, 2(2), 109-123. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijeap/article/view/9699
Chin, K. S., & Jamalullail, A. W. (2018). Amalan Kepimpinan Distributif Pengetua dan Hubungan dengan Kepuasan Kerja Guru di Daerah Sri Aman Sarawak. In Tajularipin, S., Roselan, B. & Azlin, N. M. (Eds.), International Conference Of Future Education And Advances (ICOFEA 2018) (pp. 174-181). Malaysia Association of Research and Education for Educators. https://www.masree.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Proceedings-ICOFEA-2018_latest.pdf
Chua, Y. P. (2012). Mastering Research Methods. Mcgraw-Hill Education. Shah Alam, ISBN 978-967-5771-41-5.
Chua, Y. P. (2020). Mastering Research Methods. 3rd Edition. Kuala Lumpur, McGraw-Hill Education Sdn. Bhd, ISBN: 978-967-0761-43-5
Davis, M. W. (2009). Distributed leadership and school performance [Dissertation of Doctor of Education, University of George Washington] The George Washington University?ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. https://scholarspace.library.gwu.edu/downloads/pv63g034p
Don, Y., Ismail, A., & Yaakob D. (2007). Kepimpinan dan Pembangunan Pelajar Sekolah di Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: PTS Profesional, ISBN: 10 983-3585-58-2
Dufour, R., & Eaker, R. E. (1998). Professional Learning Communities at Work. Solution Tree, North Richland Hills, TX, United States.
Elmore, R. (2000). Building a new structure for school leadership. Washington, DC: The Albert Shanker Institute.
Fauzi, H., Jamal, A., & Mohd Saifoul Zamzuri Noor (2014). Kaedah penyelidikan & analisis data SPSS. UUM Sintok, Kedah: UUM Press.
Gordon, Z. V. (2005). The Effect of Distributed Leadership on Student Achievement. [Doctoral Dissertation, Central Connecticut State University] New Britain.
Hamid, N. A. (2012). Hubungan burnout dengan kepuasan kerja: Tinjauan dikalangan guru Bahasa Inggeris di Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia [Master Thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia] Johor, Malaysia.
Harris, A., Brown, D., & Abbott, I. (2006). Executive leadership: Another lever in the sysytem?. School Leadership & Management, 26(4), 397-409. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632430600886830
Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C. G. (2001). Education administration: Theory research and practice. New York: Random Haose.
Hulpia, H., & Devos, G. (2009). Exploring the link between distributed leadership and the job satisfaction of school leaders. Educational Studies, 35(2), 153-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03055690802648739
Ismayani, A. I., Niswaty, R., & Darwis, M. (2015). Eranan kepala sekolah sebagai leader di SMA negeri 8 kabupaten Bulukumba. Jurnal Ad'ministrare: Jurnal Pemikirian Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran, 2(2), http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/ja.v2i2.1527
Jamallulail, A. B., Aida Hanim, A. H., Surayati Z., & Md. Fuad, M. R. (2013). The Relationship between Headteachers’ distributed leadership practices and teachers’ motivation in National Primary School. Asian Social Science, 9(16). http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n16p161
Jensen, B., Hunter, A., Lambert, T., & Clark, A. (2015). Aspiring principal preparation, prepared for the Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership. Melbourne, Australia: AITSL.
Jusoh, M. M., Ismail, S. N., & Abdullah, A. S. (2021). Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Guru Sekolah Menengah Cemerlang Di Kelantan. JuPiDi: Jurnal Kepimpinan Pendidikan, 7(1). https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JUPIDI/article/view/24381/11707
Karia, N., & Ahmad, Z. A. (2000). Quality practices that pay: Empowerment and teamwork. Malaysian Management Review, 35(2) 66-76. https://www.scribd.com/document/69834046/Empowerment
Kwan, Y. S., & Norazah, M. N. (2022). Amalan kepimpinan distributif guru besar dan hubungannya dengan kepuasan kerja guru di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan. International Conference of Future Educations and Advances (ICOFEA) Proceeding (pp. 25-34). https://www.masree.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/IRJES-Proceedings-ICOFEA-2022.pdf
Mancuso, S. V., Roberts, L., & White, G. P. (2010). Teacher retention in international schools: The key role of school leadership. Journal of Research in International Education, 9(3), 306–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475240910388928
Marlia, J., & Yahya, D. (2017). Praktis kepimpinan distributif dan komitmen terhadap organisasi berdasarkan kohort generasi guru. International Consortium of Education and Culture Research Studies (ICERS) Proceedings (pp. 275–286). http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/picecrs.v1i1.612
Mayrowetz, D., Murphy, J., Louis, K. S., & Smylie, M. A. (2007). Distributed Leadership as Work Redesign: Retrofitting the Job Characteristics Model. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 6(1), 69-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15700760601091275
Mohd Adib, D. N., & Jamalullail, A. W. (2021). Kepimpinan Distributif Guru Besar dan Hubungannya dengan Kepuasan Kerja Guru di Sekolah Rendah Pedalaman. In Azlin, N. M., Abdul Aziz, I. & Wong, K. Y. (Eds.), International Conference of Future Educations and Advances (ICOFEA) Proceeding. Malaysia Association of Research and Education for Educators. ISBN: 978-967-14616-9-3.
Muammar, S. M. (2022). Tahap amalan kepimpinan distributif dan hubungannya dengan motivasi guru di Kolej Vokasional. Jurnal Penyelidikan Teknokrat II, 22(1), 72-83. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jpt/article/view/17805
Neuman, M., & Simmons, W. (2000). Leadership for Student Learning. Phi Delta Kappan, 82(1), 9-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172170008200105
Poh, L. N., & Kin, T. M. (2019). Kepimpinan Teragih di Sekolah Kebangsaan dan Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Cina di Semenanjung Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(4), 79-93, http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i4.746
Rabindarang, S., Bing, K. W., & Yin, K. Y. (2014). The Impact of Demographic Factors on Organizational Commitment in Technical and Vocational Education. Malaysian Journal of Research, 2(1) 56-61. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283089130_The_Impact_of_Demographic_Factors_on_Organizational_Commitment_in_Technical_and_Vocational_Education
Rabindarang, S., & Arjunan, V. (2021). Kepimpinan Distributif dalam Perspektif Pengurusan Pendidikan. Jurnal Penyelidikan Sains Sosial (JOSSR), 4(12), 10-21. http://eprints.iab.edu.my/v2/id/eprint/1283
Robbins, S. P. (2005). Organizational behaviour (11th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Segaran S., & Jamalullail A. W. (2019). Kepimpinan distributif guru besar dan hubungannya dengan kepuasan kerja dalam kalangan guru SJKTDI daerah Hulu Selangor. Proceedings of International Conference on Humanities, Education and Society (ICHES 2019). (pp. 428-437) Kota Bharu: Edusage Network. e-ISBN: 978-967-15597-6-5
Supian, H., & Khadijah, D. (2014). Amalan Kepimpinan Lestari dan Hubungannya dengan Prestasi Kerja Guru Sekolah Rendah Yang Menerima Tawaran Baru di Daerah Segamat. Jurnal Sains Humanika, 2(4) 197-208. e-ISSN ISSN: 2289-6996
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes and Consequences. United Kingdom: Sage Publications Ltd.
Spillane, J. P. (2005). Distributed leadership. The Educational Forum, 69(2), 143-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131720508984678
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. Wiley.
Yukl, G. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice Hall.
Zoolaiha, A. R. (2015). Amalan kepimpinan distributif dalam kalangan pengetua dan hubungannya dengan kepuasan kerja guru di Selangor [Doctoral Dissertation, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris] UPSI Digital Repository (UDRep). https://ir.upsi.edu.my/detailsg.php?det=1247.
Ghazali, M. A. M., & Alias, B. S. (2024). The Relationship between Principal’s Distributive Leadership Practices and Teacher Job Satisfaction in Secondary Schools in Pasir Mas District, Kelantan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14(9), 2555–2570.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)
Published by Knowledge Words Publications (www.kwpublications.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode
